Correlation between Measures of Obesity and Vascular Ageing in Type 2 Diabetics of Rural Regions of West India with Low Prevailing Obesity: A Pulse Wave Analysis Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Obesity and vascular ageing are two facets of type 2 diabetes (T2Ds) to study. The former can be studied by qualitative body fat analysis using bio-electrical impedance (BIA) and later with blood pressure by pulse wave analysis (PWA). We studied the association between BIA and PWA parameters in T2Ds.

The Influence of Obesity on Cognitive Functioning Among Healthcare Professionals: A Comprehensive Analysis.

Background Excessive body fat, or obesity, is a worldwide epidemic and a major contributor to the development of dementia. Aim The research aimed to determine how obesity affected healthcare professionals' memory performance. Materials and Method A total of 474 participants (both male and female) were recruited in this study by random sampling method from three different health institutions.

Prevalence and correlates of vibration perception threshold based diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Gujarati urban population: A cross sectional study.

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is common microvascular complication with lack of data from many regions. Vibration perception threshold (VPT) is an objective tool to screen vibration-based neuropathy both quantitatively and qualitatively. We studied prevalence that correlates VPT in diabetic sample population.

Acquisition of Higher-Order Cognitive Skills (HOCS) Using the Flipped Classroom Model: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Introduction Flipped classroom refers to a teaching model where the lecture and homework elements of the class are reversed. Students develop knowledge and understanding during the pre-class session, and use the in-class time for active learning such as small group discussions, wherein they are expected to develop the skills of problem-solving (application) and critical thinking (analysis). An educational psychologist, Benjamin Bloom, proposed Bloom's Taxonomy for the cognitive domain.

Assessment of Arterial Stiffness, Brachial Haemodynamics, and Central Haemodynamics in Diabetic Hypertensives: A Pulse Wave Analysis-Based Case-Control Study from an Urban Area of West India.

Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) and diabetes frequently coexist, imposing significant cardiovascular risk that is normally studied in terms of brachial blood pressure (bBP). Direct and superior parameters like central haemodynamics and arterial stiffness are studied scarcely. Pulse wave analysis (PWA) offers a non-invasive measurement of the same that we studied in diabetic hypertensives.

Impact of diabetic retinopathy on pulse wave analysis-derived arterial stiffness and hemodynamic parameters: A cross-sectional study from Gujarat, India.

Purpose: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known to produce diabetic retinopathy (DR). Pulse wave analysis (PWA) provides arterial stiffness (AS) and central hemodynamic (CH) parameters. We studied the effect of DR on AS and CH parameters in type 2 diabetics (T2D).

Effect of Menopause on Arterial Stiffness and Central Hemodynamics: A Pulse Wave Analysis-Based Cross-sectional Study from Gujarat, India.

Background: Menopause, a cardiovascular risk in mid-life women, is studied in terms of blood pressure mostly. Arterial stiffness (AS) and central hemodynamics (CH) are direct surrogates measured by pulse wave analysis (PWA) with no study from our region.

Objective: We studied AS, CH in relation to menopause using PWA.

'We are not aware of notification of tuberculosis': A mixed-methods study among private practitioners from western India.

Background: Implementing the Standards for tuberculosis care in India (STCI) guidelines in the private sector is vital. This study attempted to estimate the knowledge and practices regarding STCI guidelines among private practitioners and to explore the reasons and solutions for low tuberculosis (TB) notification rates.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study for assessing the knowledge and practices of the STCI guidelines among 100 full-time allopathic private practitioners in Bhavnagar (in western part of India) from September 2018 to January 2019.

Central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness by oscillometric pulse-wave analysis in treated Gujarati euglycemic hypertensives: A case-control study.

Introduction: Hypertension is the most prevalent noncommunicable disorder, studied in terms of brachial blood pressure. Direct parameters like central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness, though superior, are not studied much. The same can be studied by pulse-wave analysis (PWA) and we did that in euglycemic treated hypertensives.

Abnormal sympathetic functioning is linked to familial hypertension in nonathletic young males.

Background: Sympathetic overactivity mediates abnormal cardiovascular outcome that is affected by stress, lack of physical activity (PA), and familial hypertension (HTN). It can be assessed by blood pressure-based sympathetic function tests.

Objective: We studied sympathetic function tests in young nonathletic males in relation to measures of obesity, PA, and familial HTN.

Central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness in Gujarati diabetics not receiving any antihypertensive: A case-control study based on oscillometric pulse wave analysis.

Introduction: Diabetes is a modern epidemic imposing significant cardiovascular risk. Immediate and discrete parameters such as arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics are studied scarcely. Pulse wave analysis (PWA) offers noninvasive measurement of the same and we performed that in diabetics.

Pulse wave analyzed cardiovascular parameters in young first degree relatives of hypertensives.

Background: First-degree relatives (FDRs) of hypertensive (HT) are predisposed to hypertension (HTN) which accelerates cardiovascular aging. Same can be studied noninvasively by pulse wave analysis (PWA), encompassing central hemodynamics such as central blood pressure (cBP), cardiac output, and stroke work (SW) and vascular stiffness parameters such as pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index at HR 75 (AIx@75). We studied PWA-derived cardiovascular parameters in FDRs of HT compared to controls.

Early Screening of Hypertension and Cardiac Dysautonomia in Each Hypertensive is Needed-inference from a Study of QTc Interval in Gujarat, India.

Background: Hypertension (HTN) is linked to cardiac dysautonomia that can end up as life-threatening arrhythmias. The same can be screened by simple electrocardiogram (ECG)-based QTc (QT corrected for heart rate) interval which indicates repolarization abnormality. We quantified QTc interval among treated hypertensives in comparison to controls, testing effect of age, gender, and blood pressure.

Pulse wave analyzed cardiovascular parameters in young first degree relatives of type 2 diabetics- a cross-sectional study.

Background: First degree relatives (FDR) of type 2 diabetic (T2D) are predisposed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) which accelerates cardiovascular aging. Pulse wave analysis (PWA) gives non-invasive measurement of central hemodynamics like central blood pressure (cBP), cardiac output (CO), stroke work (SW) and vascular stiffness like pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index at heart rate 75 (AIx@75).

Objective: To study PWA derived cardiovascular parameters in FDRs of T2D as compared to controls.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of urban Gujarati type 2 diabetics: Prevalence and impact on disease control.

Context: Type 2 diabetes is the modern epidemic wherein patient care needs multiple approaches, education, and self-awareness being one of them. There are some knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) studies from India but very few relating it with disease control.

Aims: We tried to study KAP of treated type 2 diabetics and its correlation with glycemic control.

QTc interval in young Gujarati hypertensives: Effect of disease, antihypertensive monotherapy, and coexisting risk factors.

Objectives: To study the effect of disease duration, treatment and risk factors on QTc interval among young hypertensives.

Materials And Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 142 hypertensives (60 males, 82 females) taking calcium channel blocker (CCB) or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) as monotherapy. After blood pressure measurement, we recorded lead II electrocardiograph with minimum ten waveforms.

Is the peripheral arterial disease in low risk type 2 diabetic patients influenced by body mass index, lipidemic control, and statins?

Objective: To correlate BMI, lipidemic control, and statin therapy with PAD measured by ABI in low risk type 2 diabetics.

Materials And Methods: A sample of 101 nonsmoking, asymptomatic type 2 diabetics (50 males, 51 females) with known glycemic (fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin) and lipidemic (total cholesterol, lipoproteins, and triglycerides [TGAs]) control was taken. Vascular Doppler was used to derive ABI and PAD was defined as ABI <0.

Effect of current glycemic control on qualitative body composition in sedentary ambulatory Type 2 diabetics.

Background: Obesity and Type 2 diabetes mellitus are on rise with cause-effect relationship. Diabetics monitor blood sugar, neglecting qualitative body composition, leaving residual threat of ectopic fat unattended. We tried to correlate glycemic triad with parameters of body composition derived objectively by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).

Lung Transfer Factor in Middle Aged Asymptomatic Male Smokers of a City from West India: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Smoking is an increasingly popular indulgence in India. Assessment by routine spirometry falls short of direct functional parameter like Diffusion Lung Capacity (DLC), also known as lung transfer factor (LTF).

Aim: To measure LTF amongst middle aged male smokers and to study various correlates for it.

Body Composition in Type 2 Diabetes: Change in Quality and not Just Quantity that Matters.

Background: Deranged body fat and muscle mass are aftermaths of uncontrolled diabetes. Anthropometric methods like body mass index (BMI) do not give qualitative inferences like total body fat (TBF), visceral fat (VF) or subcutaneous fat (SF) that can be given by bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA). We studied body composition of type 2 diabetics in comparison to controls matched by age-sex, weight and BMI separately.

Study of computerized spirometric parameters of traffic police personnel of Saurashtra region, Gujarat, India.

Background And Objectives: Air pollution due to road traffic is a serious health hazard and air quality crisis in cities is mainly due to vehicular emission. Thus the persons who are continuously exposed are at an increased risk. The study was carried out to evaluate the extent of impairment in lung function in traffic police personnel compared to matched unexposed control group.

Case-based learning in pharmacology: Moving from teaching to learning.

Context: The knowledge of pharmacology is an important necessity for the prevention and treatment of diseases. The study aimed to find out the beneficial effects of case-based learning (CBL) compare to didactic lecture in pharmacology and to evaluate the perceptions of students regarding the CBL.

Methods: A total of 68 students took part in the study and were randomly assigned to two equal groups: Group 1 (CBL group) and Group 2 (lecture group).

A Study of Prevalence and Association of Risk Factors for Diabetic Vasculopathy in an Urban Area of Gujarat.

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an aftermath of type 2 diabetes posing a significant health problem in developing countries. Its silent progression warrants presymptomatic screening by ankle brachial index (ABI), which cannot be applied to the whole population. We tried to measure the burden of PAD in diabetics of this region correlating various risk factors for it quantitatively and qualitatively.