How to build the virtual cell with artificial intelligence: Priorities and opportunities.

Cells are essential to understanding health and disease, yet traditional models fall short of modeling and simulating their function and behavior. Advances in AI and omics offer groundbreaking opportunities to create an AI virtual cell (AIVC), a multi-scale, multi-modal large-neural-network-based model that can represent and simulate the behavior of molecules, cells, and tissues across diverse states. This Perspective provides a vision on their design and how collaborative efforts to build AIVCs will transform biological research by allowing high-fidelity simulations, accelerating discoveries, and guiding experimental studies, offering new opportunities for understanding cellular functions and fostering interdisciplinary collaborations in open science.

Perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and government restrictions on the lives of young adults living with HIV in Kisumu, Kenya.

Young adults with HIV (YAHIV) may be particularly vulnerable to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, associated mitigation measures among YAHIV can adversely impact fragile social and economic systems. We examined the impact of the pandemic and related government-mandated restrictions among YAHIV in Kisumu, Kenya.

Association Between Clinical Use of Lansoprazole and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Nationwide Pharmacoepidemiological Cohort Study.

Purpose: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed for gastrointestinal disorders. Lansoprazole, a PPI, has been recognized for its potential effects of improving insulin resistance, reduction of oxidative stress, and improvement in atherosclerosis through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) induction. This study aims to investigate whether lansoprazole poses a distinct risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) compared to other PPIs.

qTAG: an adaptable plasmid scaffold for CRISPR-based endogenous tagging.

Endogenous tagging enables the study of proteins within their native regulatory context, typically using CRISPR to insert tag sequences directly into the gene sequence. Here, we introduce qTAG, a collection of repair cassettes that makes endogenous tagging more accessible. The cassettes support N- and C-terminal tagging with commonly used selectable markers and feature restriction sites for easy modification.

Innovations in cancer immunotherapy: A comprehensive overview of recent breakthroughs and future directions.

A major advance in cancer treatment has been the development and refinement of cancer immunotherapy. The discovery of immunotherapies for a wide range of cancers has revolutionized cancer treatment paradigms. Despite relapse or refractory disease, immunotherapy approaches can prolong the life expectancy of metastatic cancer patients.

Dynamics of Immune Reconstitution and Impact on Outcomes Across CAR-T Cell Products in Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Patients treated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy are subject to profound immune suppression. Dynamics of immune reconstitution (IR) and impacts of IR on outcomes following infusion across CAR-T products are not well understood. Here, we profiled IR in 263 patients with relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma receiving CAR-T therapy (axicabtagene ciloleucel 44.

Examining the factors influencing academic performance of medical technology students in e-learning: A questionnaire survey.

In an era of rapid digital development, e-learning has become a significant trend in the educational field. Medical technology students need to acquire extensive theoretical knowledge and practical skills. E-learning can enhance learning experiences, improving students' understanding and application abilities.

Effects of one-to-one music therapy in older adults with cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial.

This study investigated the effects of music therapy (MT), a nonpharmacological therapy, on cognitive, behavioral, and physiological outcomes in older adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive decline residing in care home settings. A randomized controlled trial design was employed, with 42 care home residents (Mage = 86.25 years) randomly assigned to either a one-to-one 16-week MT intervention or an active control group receiving storytelling.

Evaluating the Use of Environmental and Polygenic Risk Scores to Inform Colorectal Cancer Risk-Based Surveillance Intervals.

Introduction: United States Multi-Society Task Force colonoscopy surveillance intervals are based solely on adenoma characteristics, without accounting for other risk factors. We investigated whether a risk model including demographic, environmental, and genetic risk factors could individualize surveillance intervals under an "equal management of equal risks" framework.

Methods: Using 14,069 individuals from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial who had a diagnostic colonoscopy following an abnormal flexible sigmoidoscopy, we modeled the risk of colorectal cancer, considering the diagnostic colonoscopy finding, baseline risk factors (e.

Endoscopic-assisted anterior pelvic ring osteosynthesis for pelvic ring injuries: a technical report.

Introduction: In the surgical treatment of pelvic ring injuries (PRIs), there is an increasing adoption of minimally invasive techniques to improve surgical outcomes. Since the introduction of endoscopic-assisted osteosynthesis for PRIs in 2019, various surgical challenges have been identified. To improve surgical and clinical outcomes, we modified the existing procedures and aimed to present the surgical outcomes of patients with pelvic fractures who underwent endoscopic-assisted surgery.

Dual role of vascular endothelial growth factor-C in post-stroke recovery.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), antigens, and antigen-presenting cells drain from the central nervous system (CNS) into lymphatic vessels near the cribriform plate and dura, yet the role of these vessels during stroke is unclear. Using a mouse model of ischemic stroke, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), we demonstrate stroke-induced lymphangiogenesis near the cribriform plate, peaking at day 7 and regressing by day 14. Lymphangiogenesis is restricted to the cribriform plate and deep cervical lymph nodes and is regulated by VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signaling.

Long Dosing Intervals of Parenteral Antiosteoporosis Medications and the Decrease in Societal Fracture Risk: An 11-Year Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between different dosing intervals of antiosteoporosis medications (AOMs) and the subsequent fracture risk among patients with newly initiated AOM therapies.

Patients And Methods: In a nationwide population-based cohort study based on Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, osteoporosis patients with 50 years of age or older who newly initiated AOM from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2018 (n=336,229) were included. We categorized AOMs into short dosing intervals (oral AOMs) or long dosing intervals (parenteral AOMs).

The role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity: Disruption of microbial composition and short-chain fatty acid metabolism.

Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is associated with significant neurotoxicity, high addiction potential, and behavioral abnormalities. Recent studies have identified a connection between the gut microbiota and METH-induced neurotoxicity and behavioral disorders. However, the underlying causal mechanisms linking the gut microbiota to METH pathophysiology remain largely unexplored.

Solution-processed spin organic light-emitting diodes based on antisolvent-treated 2D chiral perovskites with strong spin-dependent carrier transport.

Chiral perovskites, which are applied to spin organic light-emitting diodes as a spin-induced spin selectivity (CISS) layer, have attracted increasing amounts of attention. A device based on a thicker perovskite CISS layer leads to strongly spin-polarized EL emission. However, chiral perovskite films suffer from poor device performance due to difficulties in carrier injection and film quality.

Electronic evaluation of infection risk from room environment and prior room occupants: the transmission from room environment events (TREE) measure.

Over a 2-year period, we identified Transmission from Room Environment Events (TREE) across the Johns Hopkins Health System, where the subsequent room occupant developed the same organism with the same antimicrobial susceptibilities as the patient who had previously occupied that room. Overall, the TREE rate was 50/100,000 inpatient days.

Impact of Aspect Ratio on Charge Carrier Dynamics and Efficiency Enhancement in CdSe/CdS Dot-in-Rod Nanostructures for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

We demonstrated that the aspect ratio (AR)-tunable CdSe/CdS dot-in-rod (DiR) nanostructures with quasi-type-II band structure were successively synthesized using the hot injection method. When the AR of CdSe/CdS DiR was tuned from 10 to 37, the exciton localization efficiency along the longitudinal CdS rod shell decreased from 57.9 to 15.

The effectiveness of foam rolling with and without vibration and static stretching on range of motion, muscle strength and proprioception of the ankle joint in adults with chronic ankle instability.

Background: People with chronic ankle instability (CAI) have insufficient ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) and decreases proprioception and muscle strength. Foam roller with and without vibration as a warm-up intervention may have benefits for healthy populations, but the effect on applied to injured individuals is still lacking, especially in CAI. Therefore, we aimed to compare the acute effects of three warm-up interventions, including vibration foam rolling (VR), foam rolling (FR), and static stretching (SS) in adults with CAI.

Sickle Cell Retinopathy Lost to Follow-up Study.

Purpose: To determine the outcomes of sickle cell retinopathy (SCR) patients who experienced at least one episode of being lost to follow-up (LTFU) compared to those who attended all appointments.

Methods: Adult SCR patients who visited Wills Eye Hospital Retina service (January 2012-December 2021) with >2 visits were reviewed for LTFU events, defined as failure to return for a follow-up appointment within 6 months of the scheduled date.

Results: One hundred and eighty-one eyes of 94 patients were included.

Reduced Deltex1 expression in T cells indicates increased disease activity in Sjögren's disease.

Objectives: Deltex1 is a transcriptional target of NFAT that promotes T cell anergy. However, whether Deltex1 affects the properties of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are involved in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's disease (SjD), is unknown.

Methods: T cells were purified from peripheral blood using a negative selection method.

Homoplantaginin Antagonizes -Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling in Aβ Oligomers-Induced Neuropathology/Toxicity.

Extracts from plants/herbals are great resources of drugs and nutrients. Baicalein, a component present in , was previously found to alleviate the abnormal depolarization brought about by Aβ oligomers. We extended this promising outcome by screening baicalein derivatives, and a natural compound named homoplantaginin was pinpointed.

Mechanisms underlying dilated cardiomyopathy associated with FKBP12 deficiency.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a highly prevalent and genetically heterogeneous condition that results in decreased contractility and impaired cardiac function. The FK506-binding protein FKBP12 has been implicated in regulating the ryanodine receptor in skeletal muscle, but its role in cardiac muscle remains unclear. To define the effect of FKBP12 in cardiac function, we generated conditional mouse models of FKBP12 deficiency.