Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC): human studies design and protocol.

Physical activity, including structured exercise, is associated with favorable health-related chronic disease outcomes. Although there is evidence of various molecular pathways that affect these responses, a comprehensive molecular map of these molecular responses to exercise has not been developed. The Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) is a multicenter study designed to isolate the effects of structured exercise training on the molecular mechanisms underlying the health benefits of exercise and physical activity.

Physical Activity and Performance Impact Long-term Quality of Life in Older Adults at Risk for Major Mobility Disability.

Introduction: Older adults are a rapidly growing segment of the U.S.

Population: Mobility problems that lead to further disability can be addressed through physical activity interventions.

Cognitive, behavioral, and physiological changes in Alzheimer disease patients as a function of incontinence medications.

Objective: Authors evaluated the cognitive, neurophysiologic, and behavioral effects of incontinence medications in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD).

Methods: Nine patients were evaluated, both on and off incontinence medication, for cognitive status, neuropsychiatric status, activities of daily living, and serum anticholinergic level. Caregivers were interviewed to evaluate behavioral status and caregiver burden.

Chronic exposure to anticholinergic medications adversely affects the course of Alzheimer disease.

Objective: Authors examined the effect of chronic exposure to anticholinergics in a cohort of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients.

Methods: All patients were examined annually with standard neuropsychologic tests and received the cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil hydrochloride at a dose of 10 mg/day. The study population (N=69) was divided into two groups: those receiving one or more concomitant medications with significant anticholinergic properties (N=16) and those receiving no concomitant medications with anticholinergic properties (N=53).