Nanorobot Swarms Made with Laser-Induced Graphene@FeO Nanoparticles with Controllable Morphology for Targeted Drug Delivery.

Magnetic nanorobot swarms can mimic group behaviors in nature and can be flexibly controlled by programmable magnetic fields, thereby having great potential in various applications. This paper presents a novel approach for the rapid and large-scale processing of laser-induced graphene (LIG) @FeO-based-nanorobot swarms utilizing one-step UV laser processing technology. The swarm is capable of forming a variety of reversible morphologies under the magnetic field, including vortex-like and strip-like, as well as the interconversion of these, demonstrating high levels of controllability and flexibility.

Lightweight and drift-free magnetically actuated millirobots via asymmetric laser-induced graphene.

Millirobots must have low cost, efficient locomotion, and the ability to track target trajectories precisely if they are to be widely deployed. With current materials and fabrication methods, achieving all of these features in one millirobot remains difficult. We develop a series of graphene-based helical millirobots by introducing asymmetric light pattern distortion to a laser-induced polymer-to-graphene conversion process; this distortion resulted in the spontaneous twisting and peeling off of graphene sheets from the polymer substrate.

Wood-inspired anisotropic hydrogel electrolyte with large modulus and low tortuosity realizing durable dendrite-free zinc-ion batteries.

While aqueous zinc-ion batteries exhibit great potential, their performance is impeded by zinc dendrites. Existing literature has proposed the use of hydrogel electrolytes to ameliorate this issue. Nevertheless, the mechanical attributes of hydrogel electrolytes, particularly their modulus, are suboptimal, primarily ascribed to the substantial water content.

Biomimetic Electronic Skin Based on a Stretchable Ionogel Mechanoreceptor Composed of Crumpled Conductive Rubber Electrodes for Synchronous Strain, Pressure, and Temperature Detection.

Electronic skin (e-skin) is showing a huge potential in human-computer interaction, intelligent robots, human health, motion monitoring, etc. However, it is still challenging for e-skin to realize distinguishable detection of stretching strain, vertical pressure, and temperature through a simple noncoupling structure design. Here, a stretchable multimodal biomimetic e-skin was fabricated by integrating layer-by-layer self-assembled crumpled reduced graphene oxide/multiwalled carbon nanotubes film on natural rubber (RGO/MWCNTs@NR) as stretchable conductive electrodes and polyacrylamide/NaCl ionogel as a dielectric layer into an ionotropic capacitive mechanoreceptor.

Quasi-Hyperbolic Framework Graphite Foam-Based Composites with High Thermal Conductivity and Electromagnetic Shielding Properties Fabricated by an Electrochemical Expansion Method.

Nowadays, the rapid development of electronic devices requires composites with high thermal conductivity and good electromagnetic shielding properties. The key challenge lies in the construction of high-performance conductive networks. Herein, an electrochemical expansion graphite foam (EEG) with a quasi-hyperbolic framework was prepared by an electrochemical expansion method, and then the epoxy resin (EP) was filled to fabricate the composites.

Suppressing Rampant and Vertical Deposition of Cathode Intermediate Product via PH Regulation Toward Large-Capacity and High-Durability Zn//MnO Batteries.

Despite great prospects, Zn//MnO batteries suffer from rampant and vertical deposition of zinc sulfate hydroxide (ZSH) at the cathode surface, which leads to a significant impact on their electrochemical performance. This phenomenon is primarily due to the drastic increase in the electrolyte pH value upon discharging, which is closely associated with the electrodissolution of Mn-based active materials. Herein, the pH value change is effectively inhibited by employing an electrolyte additive with excellent pH buffering capability.

A General Strategy for Ordered Carrier Transport of Quasi-2D and 3D Perovskite Films for Giant Self-Powered Photoresponse and Ultrahigh Stability.

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have been focusing more attention in the field of self-powered photodetectors due to their superb photoelectric properties. However, a universal growth approach is required and challenging to realize vertically oriented growth and grain boundary fusion of 2D and 3D perovskite grains to promote ordered carrier transport, which determines superior photoresponse and high stability. Herein, a general thermal-pressed (TP) strategy is designed to solve the above issues, achieving uniaxial orientation and single-grain penetration along the film thickness direction.

Regulating the Electrical and Mechanical Properties of TaS Films via van der Waals and Electrostatic Interaction for High Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Low-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have unique electronic structure, vibration modes, and physicochemical properties, making them suitable for fundamental studies and cutting-edge applications such as silicon electronics, optoelectronics, and bioelectronics. However, the brittleness, low toughness, and poor mechanical and electrical stabilities of TMD-based films limit their application. Herein, a TaS freestanding film with ultralow void ratio of 6.

Laser-Induced Transient Self-Organization of TiN Nano-Filament Percolated Networks for High Performance Surface-Mountable Filter Capacitors.

Filter capacitors (FCs) are substantial for digital circuits and microelectronic devices, and thus more compact FCs are eternally demanded for system miniaturization. Even though microsupercapacitors are broadly regarded as an excellent candidate for future FCs, yet due to the limitation of available electrode materials, the capacitive performance of reported MSCs drops sharply under high-frequency alternating current. Herein, we present a unique laser-induced transient self-organization strategy, which synergizes pulsed laser energy and multi-physical field controlled coalescence processes, leading to the rapid and controllable preparation of titanium nitride ultrafine nano-filaments (diameter ≈3-5 nm) networks.

Melamine-graphene epoxy nanocomposite based die attach films for advanced 3D semiconductor packaging applications.

With the ultra-fast development of personal portable electronic devices, it is important to explore new die attach film (DAF) materials in the limited mounting area and height in order to meet the requirements of a high packaging density and a high operating speed. Graphene-based epoxy nanocomposites are becoming one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of DAFs combining the ultra-high thermal conductivity of graphene, and ultra-strong adhesion of epoxy polymers. However, poor dispersion and weak interfacial connections, due to the overly smooth surface of graphene nanosheets, are still pressing issues that limit their industrial applications.

Electron-Injection and Atomic-Interface Engineering toward Stabilized Defected 1T-Rich MoS as High Rate Anode for Sodium Storage.

1T-phase MoS is a promising electrode material for electrochemical energy storage due to its metallic conductivity, abundant active sites, and high theoretical capacity. However, because of the habitual conversion of metastable 1T to stable 2H phase via restacking, the poor rate capacity and cycling stability at high current densities hamper their applications. Herein, a synergetic effect of electron-injection engineering and atomic-interface engineering is employed for the formation and stabilization of defected 1T-rich MoS nanoflowers.

Laser Processing of Flexible In-Plane Micro-supercapacitors: Progresses in Advanced Manufacturing of Nanostructured Electrodes.

Flexible in-plane architecture micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) are competitive candidates for on-chip miniature energy storage applications owing to their light weight, small size, high flexibility, as well as the advantages of short charging time, high power density, and long cycle life. However, tedious and time-consuming processes are required for the manufacturing of high-resolution interdigital electrodes using conventional approaches. In contrast, the laser processing technique enables high-efficiency high-precision patterning and advanced manufacturing of nanostructured electrodes.

Anisotropic Charge Transport Enabling High-Throughput and High-Aspect-Ratio Wet Etching of Silicon Carbide.

Wet etching of silicon carbide typically exhibits poor etching efficiency and low aspect ratio. In this study, an etching structure that exploits anisotropic charge carrier flow to enable high-throughput, external-bias-free wet etching of high-aspect-ratio SiC micro/nano-structures is demonstrated. Specifically, by applying a catalytic metal coating at the bottom surface of a SiC wafer while introducing patterned ultraviolet light illumination from its top surface, spatial charge separation across the wafer is achieved, i.

Difluorobenzylamine Treatment of Organolead Halide Perovskite Boosts the High Efficiency and Stability of Photovoltaic Cells.

As one of the most competitive light-harvesting materials, organometal halide perovskites have attracted great attention due to their low-cost and top-down solution fabricability. However, the instability of perovskites in a moist environment reduces the potential for their commercialization. In this study, novel 2,4-fluorobenzylamine (FBA) was employed as the passivation material, which could successfully suppress the defects and improve the moisture resistance of perovskites, resulting in an ultrahigh power conversion efficiency of 17.

One-Step Ultraviolet Laser-Induced Fluorine-Doped Graphene Achieving Superhydrophobic Properties and Its Application in Deicing.

Joule heaters based on flexible thin films have attracted a significant amount of attention in both academia and the industry. However, it has been highly challenging to fabricate such heaters. In this study, a one-step laser induction method was proposed to prepare fluorine-doped laser-induced graphene (F-LIG) with stable and superhydrophobic properties by confining a 355 nm ultraviolet laser at the interface between the fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film and polyimide (PI) film.

Metallized Skeleton of Polymer Foam Based on Metal-Organic Decomposition for High-Performance EMI Shielding.

Highly conductive polymer foam with light weight, flexibility, and high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is highly desired in the fields of aerospace, communication, and high-power electronic equipment, especially in the board-level packaging. However, traditional technology for preparing conductive polymer foam such as electroless plating and electroplating involves serious pollution, a complex fabrication process, and high cost. It is urgent to develop a facile method for the fabrication of highly conductive polymer foam.

Pressure-Enhanced Vertical Orientation and Compositional Control of Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskites for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells and Self-Powered Photodetectors.

It is well-known that two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper (2DRP) perovskite has higher stability than three-dimensional counterparts. However, fundamental issues still exist in the vertical orientation and phase composition as well as phase distribution. Here, obvious control of the film quality of 2DRP PEAMAPbI ( = 5) perovskite is demonstrated via a thermal-pressed (TP) effect.

Tailorable, Lightweight and Superelastic Liquid Metal Monoliths for Multifunctional Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Unlabelled: A confined thermal expansion strategy to fabricate liquid metal (LM)-based monoliths with continuous LM network at ultra-low content. The results show a strong integration advantage of LM-based monoliths in density, mechanical strength, electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness, and near field shielding effectiveness, as well as multi-functions such as magnetic actuation.

Abstract: Liquid metal (LM) has become an emerging material paradigm in the electromagnetic interference shielding field owing to its excellent electrical conductivity.

Integration of efficient microwave absorption and shielding in a multistage composite foam with progressive conductivity modular design.

Ultra-efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding composites with excellent microwave absorbing properties are the most desirable solution for eliminating microwave pollution. However, integrating absorbing and electromagnetic shielding materials is a difficult challenge because they have different design strategies. In this work, the compatibility of high absorption and shielding capability based on progressive conductivity modular design was realized.

Interfacial Laser-Induced Graphene Enabling High-Performance Liquid-Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerator.

Laser-induced graphene (LIG) has emerged as a promising and versatile method for high-throughput graphene patterning; however, its full potential in creating complex structures and devices for practical applications is yet to be explored. In this study, an in-situ growing LIG process that enables to pattern superhydrophobic fluorine-doped graphene on fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP)-coated polyimide (PI) is demonstrated. This method leverages on distinct spectral responses of FEP and PI during laser excitation to generate the environment preferentially for LIG formation, eliminating the need for multistep processes and specific atmospheres.

The in vivo dissolution of tricalcium silicate bone cement.

This study aimed to investigate the in vivo dissolution of tricalcium silicate (Ca SiO , C S) bone cement in the rabbit femoral defect. Results indicated that C S paste directly integrated with the bone tissue without the protection of the bone-like apatite. Calcium silicate hydrate gel (C-S-H gel) and Ca(OH) were the main components of C S paste.

Atomic Modulation of 3D Conductive Frameworks Boost Performance of MnO for Coaxial Fiber-Shaped Supercapacitors.

Coaxial fiber-shaped supercapacitors are a promising class of energy storage devices requiring high performance for flexible and miniature electronic devices. Yet, they are still struggling from inferior energy density, which comes from the limited choices in materials and structure used. Here, Zn-doped CuO nanowires were designed as 3D framework for aligned distributing high mass loading of MnO nanosheets.

Facile and Scalable Fabrication of High-Performance Microsupercapacitors Based on Laser-Scribed Heteroatom-Doped Porous Graphene.

This study proposes an efficient, facile, and scalable strategy to synthesize heteroatom-doped porous graphene via laser direct writing on the precursor-doped polyimide (PI) film, which is fabricated for the first time through incorporating PI powder and precursors with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binder by a drop-casting and low-temperature drying process. The resulting microsupercapacitors (MSCs) based on the as-prepared heteroatom-doped porous graphene exhibit remarkable capacitive performance. The typical boron-doped MSC prepared on borax-doped polyimide film possesses an ultrahigh areal capacitance of 60.

Multiscale Structural Modulation of Anisotropic Graphene Framework for Polymer Composites Achieving Highly Efficient Thermal Energy Management.

Graphene is usually embedded into polymer matrices for the development of thermally conductive composites, preferably forming an interconnected and anisotropic framework. Currently, the directional self-assembly of exfoliated graphene sheets is demonstrated to be the most effective way to synthesize anisotropic graphene frameworks. However, achieving a thermal conductivity enhancement (TCE) over 1500% with per 1 vol% graphene content in polymer matrices remains challenging, due to the high junction thermal resistance between the adjacent graphene sheets within the self-assembled graphene framework.

Melt Processable Novolac Cyanate Ester/Biphenyl Epoxy Copolymer Series with Ultrahigh Glass-Transition Temperature.

The rapid progress in silicon carbide (SiC)-based technology for high-power applications expects an increasing operation temperature (up to 250 °C) and awaits reliable packaging materials to unleash their full power. Epoxy-based encapsulant materials failed to provide satisfactory protection under such high temperatures due to the intrinsic weakness of epoxy resins, despite their unmatched good adhesion and processability. Herein, we report a series of copolymers made by melt blending novolac cyanate ester and tetramethylbiphenyl epoxy (NCE/EP) that have demonstrated much superior high-temperature stability over current epoxies.