Sensory integration dysfunction affects efficacy of speech therapy on children with functional articulation disorders.

Background: Articulation disorders in young children are due to defects occurring at a certain stage in sensory and motor development. Some children with functional articulation disorders may also have sensory integration dysfunction (SID). We hypothesized that speech therapy would be less efficacious in children with SID than in those without SID.

The effects of low-dose fentanyl on emergence agitation and quality of life in patients with moderate developmental disabilities.

Study Objective: To analyze whether emergence agitation could be reduced by using a low dosage of fentanyl without causing an increase in postoperative adverse effects and/or affecting the patient's quality of life after discharge.

Design: Randomized, controlled crossover trial.

Setting: University medical center.

Effect of reinforced laryngeal mask airway or endotracheal intubation anesthesia on adverse events: quality of life issues for dental patients requiring general sedation.

This study tested whether the use of a reinforced laryngeal mask airway (LMA) compared to endotracheal intubation (El) anesthesia diminished adverse events and improved the post-operative quality of life for 146 dental patients who required general anesthesia due to developmental disabilities. In this randomized, crossover trial, patients received either reinforced LMA or El anesthesia during an initial dental treatment visit; the other anesthetic method was used during a second visit scheduled after six months or more. Data were assessed with Student's t-test, chi-square test and McNemar's test to evaluate the affect on quality of life by analyzing disturbances in daily activity, such as eating patterns and sleeping behaviors after the procedure.

Improving the success rate of laryngeal mask airway insertion during etomidate induction by using fentanyl or succinylcholine.

Background: Smooth and successful insertion of a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) during etomidate induction requires a proper mouth opening and efforts to minimize airway reflexes such as gagging, coughing, or laryngospasm. We hypothesized that the concurrent use of fentanyl or succinylcholine with etomidate, the induction agent, could reduce the occurrence of airway reflexes and increase the success rate of LMA.

Methods: Sixty adult patients, ASA class I-II, scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia, were randomly allocated into three groups: group I in which patients were given etomidate 0.

Evaluation of airway leakage using reinforced laryngeal mask during dental anesthesia with spontaneous breathing.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether manipulation or position change of the head during dental procedures for handicapped patients (mentally retarded) using a reinforced laryngeal mask airway for ventilation would lead to air leak.

Methods: All patients had a reinforced laryngeal mask airway inserted after induction of anesthesia; anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane. Normal saline stained with methylene blue was instilled into the oral cavity of the patient.