Message development for a communication campaign to support health warning labels on cigars: a qualitative study.

Background: Communication campaigns for health warning labels (HWLs) are an evidence-based strategy to reduce tobacco use. No research has examined campaign messages to support graphic HWLs for little cigars and cigarillos (LCCs).

Methods: We developed four message types for graphic LCC HWLs: (1) Explanatory (2) Testimonial (3) Inquisitive and (4) Recommendation, depicting colon, lung, and esophageal cancer.

Improving Point-of-Sale Warnings for Single Cigars: Implications for Premium Cigars.

Introduction: For cigars sold individually without packaging, including many premium cigars, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) proposed that retailers display six warning statements on a sign at the point-of-sale (POS).

Aims And Methods: To examine the potential effectiveness of cigar warning signs, we conducted a between-subjects online experiment. Participants were 809 U.

Black Smokers' Preferences for Features of a Smoking Cessation App: Qualitative Study.

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) interventions for smoking cessation have grown extensively over the last few years. Although these interventions improve cessation rates, studies of these interventions consistently lack sufficient Black smokers; hence knowledge of features that make mHealth interventions attractive to Black smokers is limited. Identifying features of mHealth interventions for smoking cessation preferred by Black smokers is critical to developing an intervention that they are likely to use.

Stagnant daily smoking prevalence between 2008 and 2019 among Black and Hispanic adults with serious psychological distress.

Background: Racial/ethnic minority status and mental illness independently drive inequity in cigarette smoking and related morbidity. Racial/ethnic minority groups suffer a disproportionate burden of tobacco-related diseases. People with serious mental illness (SMI) smoke at up to 7 times the rate of the general population.

Preferences for different features of ENDS products by tobacco product use: a latent class analysis.

Background: From a public health perspective, electronic nicotine delivery devices (ENDS) use may be beneficial for some populations (e.g., smokers who fully switch to ENDS) but detrimental for others (e.

Effectiveness of Mobile Phone and Web-Based Interventions for Diabetes and Obesity Among African American and Hispanic Adults in the United States: Systematic Review.

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) and web-based technological advances allow for new approaches to deliver behavioral interventions for chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. African American and Hispanic adults experience a disproportionate burden of major chronic diseases.

Objective: This paper reviews the evidence for mHealth and web-based interventions for diabetes and obesity in African American and Hispanic adults.

Overdiagnosis of urinary tract infections by nursing home clinicians versus a clinical guideline.

Purpose: To inform overprescribing and antibiotic stewardship in nursing homes (NHs), we examined the concordance between clinicians' (NH primary care providers and registered nurses) diagnosis of suspected UTI with a clinical guideline treated as the gold standard, and whether clinician characteristics were associated with diagnostic classification.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional web-based survey of a U.S.

Screening for Lung Cancer With Low-Dose Computed Tomography: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.

Importance: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the US.

Objective: To review the evidence on screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF).

Data Sources: MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and trial registries through May 2019; references; experts; and literature surveillance through November 20, 2020.

Tobacco Use and Treatment among Cancer Survivors.

Tobacco use is causally associated with the risk of developing multiple health conditions, including over a dozen types of cancer, and is responsible for 30% of cancer deaths in the U [...

Assessment of Lung Cancer Screening Program Websites.

Importance: The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends that individuals at high risk for lung cancer consider benefits and harms before pursuing lung cancer screening. Medical centers develop websites for their lung cancer screening programs, but to date little is known about the websites' portrayal of benefits and harms or what next steps they recommend for individuals considering screening.

Objective: To assess the presentation of potential benefits and harms and recommended next steps on lung cancer screening program websites.

Willingness-to-try various tobacco cessation methods among US adult cigarette smokers.

Introduction: Long-term smoking cessation success rates without substantive intervention remain low. Some studies suggest an association between sociodemographic factors and tobacco cessation success. We explored US adult tobacco cigarette users’ willingness-to-try diverse tobacco cessation methods by sociodemographics and tobacco use habits.

Product attributes important to US adult consumers' use of electronic nicotine delivery systems: a discrete choice experiment.

Objective: To understand the importance of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) product attributes to adult consumers in the USA by age and gender.

Design: Cross-sectional survey with a discrete choice experiment (best-worst, case 2, scaling) of 19 choice tasks in which participants answered what would make them most want to use and least want to use an ENDS product.

Setting And Participants: A national sample of adults (aged 18+ years) in the USA who had tried an ENDS product at least once.

Effects of a Brief Psychosocial Intervention on Inpatient Satisfaction: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Objectives: Increasing attention is being paid to patients’ experience of hospitalization. BATHE (a brief psychosocial intervention that addresses Background, Affect, Trouble, Handling, and Empathy) has been found to improve patients’ outpatient experiences but has not yet been studied in inpatient settings. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) examined whether daily administration of BATHE would improve patients’ satisfaction with their hospital experience.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Trypanosoma brucei in Uganda: implications for the epidemiology of sleeping sickness and Nagana.

Background: While Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is in decline on the continent of Africa, the disease still remains a major health problem in Uganda. There are recurrent sporadic outbreaks in the traditionally endemic areas in south-east Uganda, and continued spread to new unaffected areas in central Uganda. We evaluated the evolutionary dynamics underpinning the origin of new foci and the impact of host species on parasite genetic diversity in Uganda.

Central lymph node dissection in patients with papillary thyroid cancer: a population level analysis of 14,257 cases.

Background: This study analyzes the impact of demographics and tumor size on the use of central compartment lymph node dissection (CLND) for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in the United States.

Methods: Adult patients with PTC and the follicular variant of PTC who underwent thyroidectomy with or without CLND and were reported in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2008 were included. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the effects of demographic and clinical characteristics on the likelihood of a patient undergoing CLND.