Soluble proteins typically have an N-terminal signal peptide that guides them to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for translocation, but some proteins like SOD1, linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), do not have this signal.
Researchers found that SOD1 is still translocated into the ER using the translocon Sec61 and then secreted outside the cell.
These findings suggest that targeting the secretion process of SOD1 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating ALS.