Genetic/Protein Association of Atopic Dermatitis and Tooth Agenesis.

Atopic dermatitis and abnormalities in tooth development (including hypomineralization, hypodontia and microdontia) have been observed to co-occur in some patients. A common pathogenesis pathway that involves genes and protein interactions has been hypothesized. This review aims to first provide a description of the key gene mutations and signaling pathways associated with atopic dermatitis and tooth agenesis (i.

Association of Moderate-Severe Atopic Dermatitis with Dental Anomalies.

Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin condition with an underlying pathophysiology that may have impact beyond the skin. Previous studies showed a higher prevalence of dental cavities in patients with atopic dermatitis. Our study aimed to establish an association of other dental anomalies in patients with moderate-severe atopic dermatitis.

pH-Responsive Hybrid Nanoparticles for Imaging Spatiotemporal pH Changes in Biofilm-Dentin Microenvironments.

Engineering highly sensitive nanomaterials to monitor spatiotemporal pH changes has rather broad applications in studying various biological systems. Intraoral/biofilm-tooth pH is the single parameter that has demonstrated accurate assessment of dental caries risk, reflecting the summative integrated outcome of the complicated interactions between three etiological factors, namely, microorganisms/biofilm, diet/carbohydrates, and tooth/saliva/host. However, there is little to no technology/system capable of accurately probing simultaneously both the micro-pH profiles in dentin tissues and acidogenic oral biofilms and examining the pathophysiologic acid attacks with high spatial/temporal resolution.

Internalizing problems are associated with oral health-related quality of life in early childhood: Outcomes from an Asian multi-ethnic prospective birth cohort.

Oral health status ideally warrants for a holistic biopsychosocial approach to health and wellness. Little is known about the impact of behavioral problems on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children due to the paucity of studies in early childhood, particularly in Asian multi-ethnic populations. This study evaluated the relationship between early child's socioemotional factors and OHRQoL, as well as its association with orofacial pain (OFP) and early childhood caries (ECC) in the Asian GUSTO birth cohort.

Dental plaque pH in predicting caries relapse after general anaesthesia - an exploratory study.

Objectives: Numerous caries risk assessment tools have been proposed in the literature, with few validated in preschool children especially those receiving oral rehabilitation under general anaesthesia (GA). Past caries experience, the best predictor thus far, may not be a reliable indicator after effective clinical intervention. Hence, this longitudinal study was aimed to explore the potential role of plaque pH in predicting future caries incidence after GA among preschool children.

Identifying Positive Adaptive Pathways in Low-Income Families in Singapore: Protocol for Sequential, Longitudinal Mixed-Methods Design.

Background: This study aims to examine the adaptive process of children and mothers from multistressed low-income families in Singapore. It aims to bridge the knowledge gap left by existing poverty studies, which are predominately risk focused. Through a sequential longitudinal mixed-methods design, we will differentiate children and mothers who demonstrate varied social, developmental, and mental health trajectories of outcomes.

Infant dietary patterns and early childhood caries in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort.

Dental caries, although preventable, remains one of the most prevalent chronic disease worldwide. Most studies focused on the relationship between sugar intake and caries. However, examining multidimensional dietary patterns is becoming increasingly important.

Risk assessment models to predict caries recurrence after oral rehabilitation under general anaesthesia: a pilot study.

Objectives: Oral rehabilitation under general anaesthesia (GA), commonly employed to treat high caries-risk children, has been associated with high economic and individual/family burden, besides high post-GA caries recurrence rates. As there is no caries prediction model available for paediatric GA patients, this study was performed to build caries risk assessment/prediction models using pre-GA data and to explore mid-term prognostic factors for early identification of high-risk children prone to caries relapse post-GA oral rehabilitation.

Methods: Ninety-two children were identified and recruited with parental consent before oral rehabilitation under GA.

Difference in Striae Periodicity of Heilongjiang and Singaporean Chinese Teeth.

Striae periodicity refers to the number of cross-striations between successive lines of Retzius in tooth enamel. A regular time dependency of striae periodicity, known as the circaseptan interval, has been proposed. Previous studies on striae periodicity have been carried out on both modern and early humans given its potential applications in forensic age estimations and anthropology.

Effects of Shirota intake on caries risk in children.

Background/purpose: Yakult is a well-known probiotic beverage consisting of a single live bacterial species, Shirota. However, the potential cariogenic/cariostatic effects of Yakult intake among children have not been studied yet. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of short-term Yakult intake on oral biofilm acidogenicity, cariogenic bacterial counts, and caries risk in children.

Early-life factors affect risk of pain and fever in infants during teething periods.

Aim: This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the prevalence of teething-related pain and fever and the early-life factors that may affect the risk of experiencing these disturbances within the first 1.5 years of life.

Materials And Methods: Participants were recruited (n = 1033) through the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) birth cohort (n = 1237).

High caries prevalence and risk factors among young preschool children in an urban community with water fluoridation.

Background: Singapore is unique in that it is a 100% urban community with majority of the population living in a homogeneous physical environment. She, however, has diverse ethnicities and cultures as such; there may be caries risk factors that are unique to this population.

Aim: The aims were to assess the oral health of preschool children and to identify the associated caries risk factors.

Lesion progression in post-treatment persistent endodontic lesions.

Introduction: Radiographic lesions related to root-filled teeth may persist for long periods after treatment and are considered to indicate failure of initial treatment. Persistent lesions are found in a proportion of cases, but information on lesion progression is lacking. This study examined the incidence of lesion improvement, remaining unchanged, and deterioration among persistent lesions in a group of patients recruited from a university-based clinic and identified potential predictors for lesion progression.

Epi-third and second harmonic generation microscopic imaging of abnormal enamel.

Enamel covers the tooth crown and is responsible for protecting the inner tissues of the teeth. It is thus clinically important to diagnose the anomalies in tooth enamel structures in the early stage for prevention and treatment. In this article, we report the epi-harmonic-generation-microscopic study of various abnormal enamel from the nature surface of human teeth.

Effects of CO2 laser on fluoride uptake in enamel.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of CO(2) laser on fluoride uptake in the loosely- and firmly-bound forms in enamel.

Methods: Five human molars were cut into halves before being treated with 2.0% NaF topical gel.

Effect of Er:YAG laser and organic matrix on porosity changes in human enamel.

Objectives: Cariostatic effects of lasers have been well documented in the past few decades; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. Our previous study revealed the statistically significant effect of organic matrix (OM) in the laser-induced caries prevention. The aim of the present study is to further investigate the role of organic matters in the laser-induced porosity changes.