Spiritual care models of patients living with cancer in Taiwan.

Background: Psychological, social and spiritual needs are often unmet during the care of patients with cancer in Taiwan.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to confirm the spiritual care models including the spiritual distress symptoms (SDS), spiritual distress symptoms interventions (SDSI), and spiritual distress outcomes criteria (SDOC) of patients with cancer in the initial, relapse and terminal stages.

Method: This cross-sectional survey collected data from 150 professional nurses about their perceptions of the SDS, SDSI and SDOC for patients with cancer.

Correlates of perceived caring behaviour of formal caregivers in long-term care facilities: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: Researchers have identified several factors that correlate with the caring behaviours of formal caregivers in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). However, a limited range of socio-demographic factors has been discussed, and no studies have discussed the combined effects of the institutional characteristics of the LTCF and the personal characteristics (i.e.

Factors related to perceived caring among older people residing in long-term care facilities: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Healthcare providers who exhibit caring behaviours promote quality of care. Theoretical and empirical models have promoted a three-dimensional paradigm of care perception. However, the perception of elderly residents in long-term care facilities related to caring has not been investigated.

Self-transcendence, caring and their associations with well-being.

Aims: To examine the relationship between nursing staffs' self-transcendence and well-being in long-term care facilities and to investigate the mediating role of caring behaviours in the aforementioned relationship.

Background: Factors associated with the well-being of healthcare providers influence the quality of care delivered. Although an increasing number of studies have shed light on the relationship between self-transcendence and subjective well-being, little is known of the mediating effect of caring behaviour in this relationship.

Health education and competency scale: Development and testing.

Aims And Objective: To develop a tool for measuring competency in conducting health education and to evaluate its psychometric properties in a population of entry-level nurses.

Background: Until now, no generic instrument has been developed specifically for measuring competency in health education, which is an essential competency for nurses. Existing scales are either insufficient for psychometric evaluation or are designed specifically for senior nurses.

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Caring Scale for Institutionalized Elders.

Background: A scale that measures the efficacy of care from the perspectives of institutionalized older adults is needed to meet the growing need for better caring knowledge and skills among nurses and caretakers working in long-term care facilities. The currently available tools are insufficient for measuring the caring-related interactions of caretakers with institutionalized older adults.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop and explore the psychometric structure of a caring scale for institutionalized older adults.

Reciprocity of service learning among students and paired residents in long-term care facilities.

Many intergenerational service learning projects have been designed for service providers and recipients, few studies have analyzed the providers and recipients of such projects in terms of caring behavior. In accordance with the Taiwan Ministry of Education initiative to develop curricular service learning, a service learning project was initiated during a nursing school course before the students performed their clinical practicum. The aim of this mixed method design was to report the development of an intergenerational service learning project and to test its effects both on nursing students paired with residents and residents of facilities.

Caring behaviors perceived by elderly residents of long-term care facilities: scale development and psychometric assessment.

Background: To meet the growing need for relationship-centered nursing practice and for nursing school accreditation in Taiwan, nursing school curricula must include training in care for elderly populations in institutional settings. However, educators lack tools for evaluating student performance in such settings. The few tools currently available for measuring the caring in nurses perceived by elderly residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) are either inappropriate for education purposes or are culturally inappropriate for elderly populations in Taiwan.