Neck strength alone does not mitigate adverse associations of soccer heading with cognitive performance in adult amateur players.

Objectives: Soccer heading is adversely associated with neurocognitive performance, but whether greater neck strength or anthropometrics mitigates these outcomes is controversial. Here, we examine the effect of neck strength or anthropometrics on associations of soccer heading with neurocognitive outcomes in a large cohort of adult amateur players.

Methods: 380 adult amateur league soccer players underwent standardized measurement of neck strength (forward flexion, extension, left lateral flexion, right lateral flexion) and head/neck anthropometric measures (head circumference, neck length, neck circumference and neck volume).

Association of Gut Microbiota With Objective Sleep Measures in Women With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: The IDOze Study.

Background: Poor sleep health is an underrecognized health challenge, especially for people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Gut microbiota related to sleep are underinvestigated.

Methods: The IDOze microbiota substudy included 190 women (114 with HIV and 76 without HIV).