Postcholecystectomy Gut Microbiome Changes and the Clinical Impact: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis.

Background: Cholecystectomy (CCE) can affect the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and result in gut microbiome changes. This systematic review aimed to clarify the effect of CCE on gut microbiome composition and its clinical impact.

Method: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, combining keywords such as "cholecystectomy" or "post-cholecystectomy" with "gut microbiome," "stool microbiome," or "gut dysbiosis.

Present and future of endoscopy precision for inflammatory bowel disease.

Several advanced imaging techniques are now available for endoscopists managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. These tools, including dye-based and virtual chromoendoscopy, probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy and endocytoscopy, are increasingly innovative applications in clinical practice. They allow for a more in-depth and refined evaluation of the mucosal and vascular bowel surface, getting closer to histology.

Drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis: A minireview.

Drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis (DIAIH) is a specific phenotype of drug-induced liver injury that may lead to the devastating outcome of acute liver failure requiring liver transplantation. Drugs implicated in DIAIH include antimicrobials such as nitrofurantoin and minocycline, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, statins as well as anti-tumor necrosis agents. The clinical features of drug-induced liver injury are indistinguishable from idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) as both may have positive AIH-related autoantibodies, elevated immunoglobulin G, as well as similar histopathological findings.

Clinical trial: seven-day vonoprazan- versus 14-day proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication.

Background: One-week triple therapy with vonoprazan is endorsed by Japanese guidelines as an alternative to proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-based triple therapy for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication. This contrasts with Western guidelines recommending 2-week PPI-based triple therapy.

Aim: To verify the non-inferiority of 1-week vonoprazan-based triple therapy versus 2-week PPI-based triple therapy as first-line H.

Lessons of the month 1: When what you see is not UC (ulcerative colitis): an unusual presentation of pancolitis in a developed country.

The misdiagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis is not uncommon given its variety of clinical manifestations and often shares similarities with ulcerative colitis. While endoscopy aids in diagnosis, findings are often non-specific and correlation with histopathological features is crucial in arriving at an accurate diagnosis which is confirmed by the presence of schistosome ova within the lamina propria. In this case study, we report our experience with a 50-year-old woman, who had been residing in Singapore for more than a decade, presenting with recurrent episodes of bloody diarrhoea.

Modified AST to platelet ratio index improves APRI and better predicts advanced fibrosis and liver cirrhosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Aims: Advanced fibrosis (AF) and liver cirrhosis (LC) are important milestones in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). FIB-4, NFS and BARD are validated scores with good accuracy in detecting AF and LC. APRI does not have similar predictive accuracy.

A cross-sectional study on public belief, knowledge and practice towards antibiotic use in the state of Perak, Malaysia.

Introduction: Inappropriate use of antibiotics has led to antimicrobial resistance, a major public health challenge worldwide. This study aimed to explore beliefs, knowledge, and practice on antibiotic use among general public.

Methodology: Cross-sectional study was conducted at 13 hospitals and 44 primary health clinics in Perak from May to July 2017.

The Influence of Race on Plasma Thrombin Generation In Healthy Subjects In Singapore.

Race is touted as an independent risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), although the basis for this is varied and contentious. Comparison of plasma thrombin generation (TG) using calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) across races offers a modality that objectively measures global hemostatic function to evaluate this influence. Direct comparative data across races are currently not available.

Medium-term (5-year) comparison of the functional outcomes of combined anterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner reconstruction compared with isolated anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: To present a 5-year comparison of the functional outcomes of combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction with those of isolated ACL reconstruction.

Methods: All patients were reviewed clinically and completed knee function questionnaires prospectively, by use of the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) 2000, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and Lysholm scoring systems, preoperatively and at 1, 2, and 5 years postoperatively. Patients who underwent combined ACL-PLC reconstruction were identified and reviewed.

Driving profile modeling and recognition based on soft computing approach.

Advancements in biometrics-based authentication have led to its increasing prominence and are being incorporated into everyday tasks. Existing vehicle security systems rely only on alarms or smart card as forms of protection. A biometric driver recognition system utilizing driving behaviors is a highly novel and personalized approach and could be incorporated into existing vehicle security system to form a multimodal identification system and offer a greater degree of multilevel protection.

Does unstable slipped capital femoral epiphysis require urgent stabilization?

Controversy exists regarding the role of early reduction and stabilization in the management of unstable slipped capital femoral epiphysis. It seems logical that early reduction and stabilization of an unstable slip might preserve the remaining blood supply to the epiphysis and reduce the incidence of avascular necrosis. Some studies have indeed shown lower rates of avascular necrosis following early reduction and stabilization, but others have shown the contrary.

Arthroscopic stabilization of the shoulder: a prospective randomized study of absorbable versus nonabsorbable suture anchors.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate, prospectively, outcomes following arthroscopic Bankart repair performed with 2 types of suture anchor--the G II (DePuy Mitek, Raynham, MA) nonabsorbable anchor and the Panalok (DePuy Mitek) absorbable anchor.

Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of recurrent traumatic anterior instability of the shoulder who were seen in a single unit between April of 2000 and June of 2003 were considered for inclusion in the study. Patients were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively by means of a subjective, patient-related outcome measurement tool (Oxford Instability Score), a visual analogue scale for pain and instability (VAS Pain and VAS Instability), and a quality-of-life questionnaire (Short Form-12 [SF-12]).