Traumatic injury, early gene expression, and gram-negative bacteremia.

Objectives: Bacteremic trauma victims have a higher risk of death than their nonbacteremic counterparts. The role that altered immunity plays in the development of bacteremia is unknown. Using an existing dataset, we sought to determine if differences in early postinjury immune-related gene expression are associated with subsequent Gram-negative bacteremia.

Kidney tumor location measurement using the C index method.

Purpose: Tumor location assessment is essential to plan nephron sparing kidney surgery. We describe a method to quantify the proximity of kidney tumors to the renal central sinus for reporting and surgical management.

Materials And Methods: Centrality index scoring was done using standard 2-dimensional cross-sectional computerized tomography images in 133 consecutive patients undergoing transperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy between September 2003 and November 2005.