Pediatric Providers' Perceptions of Their Role in the Early Detection of Postpartum Depression.

Objective: To explore pediatric health care providers' perceptions of their role in screening mothers for postpartum depression (PPD).

Design: Descriptive, qualitative methodology.

Setting: Pediatric care providers from five different institutions in the Chicagoland area.

CXCR2 immunomodulatory therapy protects against microstructural white matter injury and gait abnormalities but does not mitigate deficits of cognition in a preclinical model of cerebral palsy.

Minimizing central nervous system (CNS) injury from preterm birth depends upon understanding the critical pathways that underlie essential neurodevelopmental and CNS pathophysiology. Signaling by chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) through its cognate receptor, CXCR2 [(C-X-C motif) receptor 2] is essential for neurodevelopment. Increased CXCR2 signaling, however, is implicated in a variety of uterine and neuropathologies, and their role in the CNS injury associated with perinatal brain injury is poorly defined.

Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of a First-in-Class ClC-1 Inhibitor to Enhance Muscle Excitability: Phase I Randomized Controlled Trial.

NMD670 is a first-in-class inhibitor of skeletal muscle-specific chloride channel ClC-1, developed to improve muscle weakness and fatigue in neuromuscular diseases. Preclinical studies show that ClC-1 inhibition enhances muscle excitability, improving muscle contractility and strength. We describe the first-in-human, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, which evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single and multiple doses of NMD670 in healthy male and female subjects.

Association of 'weekend warrior' and other leisure time physical activity patterns with obesity and adiposity: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: To investigate the effect of different physical activity patterns on obesity.

Materials And Methods: Data from adults aged 17-79 years were extracted from the Hong Kong Territory-Wide Physical Fitness Survey conducted in 2011-2012 and 2021-2022. Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) patterns were collected through questionnaires and categorized as inactive (no MVPA ≥10 min), insufficiently active (<150 min MVPA/week), weekend warriors (≥150 min MVPA/week from 1 to 2 days) and regularly active (≥150 min MVPA/week from ≥3 days).

Cladophorol-A is an inhibitor of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase.

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) synthase (cGAS) is an enzyme sensor of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) that serves to trigger activation of the cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. Excessive activation of this pathway has been demonstrated to contribute to various forms of inflammatory disease. As such, cGAS has arisen as a potential therapeutic target with broad potential applications.

Vitamin a Deficiency in an Elderly Patient: A Diagnostic Challenge in the Age of AMD.

The presentation of vitamin A deficiency (VAD)-induced ocular complications can be challenging to diagnose in elderly patients, particularly due to the overlap with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) symptoms. This case report details the presentation, diagnosis, and management of an 88-year-old female with vision loss, highlighting the ocular manifestations of presumed VAD. Despite vitamin A levels being at the lower end of the normal range, the patient's symptoms and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings suggested insufficient levels, leading to thinning of the outer nuclear layer.

Spontaneous Retinal Reattachment following Multiple Vitreoretinal Interventions: Case Report.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to document and analyze a rare case of spontaneous retinal reattachment in a patient after successive unsuccessful vitreoretinal surgeries and to explore potential mechanisms contributing to this unexpected outcome.

Case Presentation: A 61-year-old patient with a history of high myopia presented with a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. After undergoing multiple vitreoretinal procedures, including pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade, anatomical reattachment was not achieved, and the patient developed complex retinal detachment associated with myopic foveoschisis.

A Culturally Sensitive Mobile App (DiaFriend) to Improve Self-Care in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Development Study.

Background: Mobile apps designed with cultural sensitivity have demonstrated higher user acceptability and greater effectiveness in enhancing self-care skills. However, a significant gap exists in developing such apps for specific populations, such as Portuguese Americans living in southern Massachusetts, home to the second-largest Portuguese community in the United States. This group possesses unique cultural traditions, particularly in dietary practices, including a tendency toward high carbohydrate intake.

Early SUSVIMO in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Real Word Case Report and Clinical Implications.

Purpose: The current standard of care for neovascular age-related macular degeneration is serial vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor intravitreal injections at varying treatment intervals. SUSVIMO is a port-delivery system of ranibizumab that serves as an alternative, lower-maintenance treatment.

Methods: A case report from a retinal surgery clinic describing the ocular findings, diagnostic workup, and alternative treatment for an 80-year-old man presenting with new-onset neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Comparing the Effects of Aqua- and Land-Based Active Cooldown Exercises on Muscle Soreness and Sport Performance: A Randomized Crossover Study.

Objective: Limited research has directly compared the effectiveness of aqua- and land-based exercises for postexercise recovery. This study aimed to fill this gap by comparing the effects of these 2 types of exercises on postexercise recovery.

Methods: Sixteen male college athletes participated in an 8-day experimental study.

Tandem mass spectral metabolic profiling of 54 actinobacterial strains and their 459 mutants.

Natural products encompass a diverse range of compounds with high impact applications in consumer care, agriculture and most notably, therapeutics. However, despite the expansive chemical repertoire indicated in genomic information of microbes, only a small subset can be obtained under laboratory conditions. To increase accessible chemical space and realize Nature's full chemical potential, a multi-pronged genetic- and cultivation-based strategy has been employed to activate and upregulate natural product biosyntheses in native and heterologous strains.

NAD+ and Niacin Supplementation as Possible Treatments for Glaucoma and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Narrative Review.

Glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are progressive retinal diseases characterized by increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. This review investigates the potential therapeutic benefits of NAD+ and niacin supplementation in managing glaucoma and AMD. A literature search was conducted encompassing keywords such as "niacin", "NAD", "glaucoma", "AMD", and "therapeutics".

Aficamten is a small-molecule cardiac myosin inhibitor designed to treat hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited disease of the sarcomere resulting in excessive cardiac contractility. The first-in-class cardiac myosin inhibitor, mavacamten, improves symptoms in obstructive HCM. Here we present aficamten, a selective small-molecule inhibitor of cardiac myosin that diminishes ATPase activity by strongly slowing phosphate release, stabilizing a weak actin-binding state.

Imbalance in RNA Editing Disrupts Dynamic Neuronal Activity and Olfactory Perception.

A-to-I RNA editing, catalyzed by the ADAR protein family, significantly contributes to the diversity and adaptability of mammalian RNA signatures, aligning with developmental and physiological needs. Yet, the functions of many editing sites are still to be defined. The gene stands out in this context due to its brain-specific expression and the evolutionary conservation of its codon-altering editing event.

Outcomes of Primary Vitrectomy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment With No Postoperative Positioning.

To evaluate the anatomic and visual outcomes of primary vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair using no amount of postoperative prone positioning to clarify the role of face-down posturing for RRD reattachment. This retrospective consecutive interventional case series comprised patients who had primary vitrectomy for RRD repair. The surgical outcomes, single-surgery anatomic success rate, and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were assessed.

A second dimension of somatosensory system injury? Thalamic volume loss and neuropathic pain in adults with cerebral palsy and periventricular white matter injury.

Objectives: Lemniscal (motor-related) and spinothalamic (neuropathic pain-related) somatosensory abnormalities affect different subsets of adults with cerebral palsy (CP). Lemniscal/motor abnormalities are associated with posterior thalamic radiation white matter disruption in individuals with CP and white matter injury. We tested the hypothesis that neuropathic pain symptoms in this population are rather associated with injury of the somatosensory (posterior group nuclei) thalamus.

Point of Care Ultrasounds Obtained by Novice Physician Assistant Residents (POCUS ON PAR).

Introduction: The integration of Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) into the care of trauma patients, specifically the E-FAST, has improved the accuracy of initial diagnoses and improved time to surgical intervention in critically ill patients. Physician assistants (PAs) are critically important members of any military trauma resuscitation team and are often team leaders in a pre-hospital setting. They may receive training in ultrasound but there are little data to support their use or evaluate their effectiveness in using POCUS.

Post-Exam Wrappers: A Tool for Critical Reflection.

Background: Post-exam review sessions that reveal a completed exam to students can be time-consuming and ineffective. Additionally, the review may jeopardize exam integrity by exposing the individual items.

Method: To promote critical reflection, an exam wrapper, without the return of a completed exam, was implemented.

Discovery of Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Suppressor GS-8873.

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection afflicts hundreds of millions of people and causes nearly one million deaths annually. The high levels of circulating viral surface antigen (HBsAg) that characterize CHB may lead to T-cell exhaustion, resulting in an impaired antiviral immune response in the host. Agents that suppress HBsAg could help invigorate immunity toward infected hepatocytes and facilitate a functional cure.

An Unusual Presentation of Midline Lethal Granuloma.

Extranodal natural killer T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTCL), is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is strongly related to Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection and commonly presents as "midline lethal granuloma." Herein, we report a middle-aged lady who presented with a two-week history of fever, sore throat and constitutional symptoms. Intraoral examination revealed a lacerated soft palate with an ulcerated uvula.