Using the socio-ecological model to appraise perspectives on health workforce retention and intention to leave in Malawi and Tanzania: a qualitative longitudinal study.

Introduction: The chronic health workforce shortage poses a significant setback to achieving universal health coverage. Health authorities continually develop and implement human resources for health policies and interventions to alleviate the crisis, including retention policies. However, the success of such policies and interventions is tangential to the alignment with health workers' expectations.

Prevalence and correlates of diabetes mellitus in Malawi: population-based national NCD STEPS survey.

Background: Previously considered as a disease of the affluent, west or urban people and not of public health importance, diabetes mellitus is increasingly becoming a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. However, population-based data to inform prevention, treatment and control are lacking.

Methods: Using the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance, a population-based, nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted between July and September 2009 on participants aged 25-64 years.