Boosting Li-Ion Conductivity of Fluoride Solid Electrolyte by Low-Temperature Molten Salt Ablation and Particle Boundary Doping.

Halide solid electrolytes (SEs) are attracting great attention, owing to their high ionic conductivity and excellent high-voltage compatibility. However, severe moisture sensitivity, poor thermal stability, and instability at the lithium metal anode interface with chloride and bromide SEs retard their applications in solid-state lithium metal batteries. Fluoride SEs are expected to solve these problems, but they are now plagued by inadequate room-temperature (RT) ionic conductivity.

Enable Rechargeable Carbon Fluoride Batteries with Unprecedented High Rate and Long Life by Oxygen Doping and Electrolyte Formulation.

Here, a rechargeable carbon fluoride battery is demonstrated with unprecedented high rate and long life by oxygen doping and electrolyte formulation. The introductions of Mn-O catalyst and porous structure during the oxidation process of CF cathode can promote the splitting of Li-F during charging. By further modulating the electrolyte with triphenylantimony chloride (TSbCl) as anion acceptor and CsF as product modulator, the more readily dissociable CsLiF product instead of LiF is preferentially formed, and the TSbCl-salt protection interface is constructed to confine Li-F based products and reduce fluoride loss at cathode side.

Multifunctional Water Additive Enabling Stable Cycling of Chloride-Free Magnesium Metal Batteries Based on Carbonate Electrolyte.

Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) face with the challenge of interphase passivation between electrolytes and Mg anodes. Compared with ether electrolytes, carbonate solvents possess the superior electrochemical stability at cathode side, but their incompatibility with Mg metal, high viscosity, and desolvation energy barrier restrict their practical utilization in RMBs. Herein, the "unwanted-impurity" water with high concentration is revisited and employed as multifunctional additive in carbonate electrolyte to improve the reversibility of RMBs.

Relay-Type Catalysis by a Dual-Metal Single-Atom System in a Waste Biomass Derivative Host for High-Rate and Durable Li-S Batteries.

An environmental-friendly and sustainable carbon-based host is one of the most competitive strategies for achieving high loading and practicality of Li-S batteries. However, the polysulfide conversion reaction kinetics is still limited by the nonuniform or monofunctional catalyst configuration in the carbon host. In this work, we propose a catalysis mode based on "relay-type" co-operation by adjacent dual-metal single atoms for high-rate and durable Li-S batteries.

Liquid Metal Mediated Heterostructure Fluoride Solid Electrolytes of High Conductivity and Air Stability for Sustainable Na Metal Batteries.

Fluoride-based solid electrolytes (SEs) have emerged as a promising component for high-energy-density rechargeable solid-state batteries (SSBs) in view of their wide electrochemical window, high air stability, and interface compatibility, but they still face the challenge of low ion conductivity and the lack of a desired structure for sodium metal SSBs. Here, we report a sodium-rich heterostructure fluoride SE, NaGaF-GaO-NaCl (NGFOC-G), synthesized via in situ oxidation of liquid metal gallium and in situ chlorination using low-melting GaCl. The distinctive features of NGFOC-G include single-crystal NaGaF domains within an open-framework structure, composite interface decoration of GaO and NaCl with a concentration gradient, exceptional air stability, and high electrochemical oxidation stability.

Pillaring Electronic Nano-Wires to Slice T-NbO Laminated Particles for Durable Lithium-Ion Batteries.

T-NbO characterized by the pronounced intercalation pseudocapacitance effect, is regarded as a promising and alternative anode for fast-charging Li-ion batteries. However, its electrochemical kinetics are still hindered by the absence of sufficient and homogenous conductive wiring inside active microparticles. Herein, an in situ pillaring strategy of electronic nano-wires is proposed to slice T-NbO laminated particles for the development of durable and fast-charging anodes for Li-ion batteries.

Building Organic-Inorganic Robust Interphases from Deep Eutectic Solution for Highly Stable Mg Metal Anode in Conventional Electrolyte.

Magnesium metal batteries (MMBs) currently face challenges suffering from severe Mg metal passivation and extremely high overpotential in conventional electrolytes. Herein, a strategy of using a low-cost deep eutectic solution (DES) is proposed to modify Mg anode with the monolithic and compact coating of a MgCl-Al-MgCl sandwich structure, enabling the stable and reversible Mg plating-stripping behavior. An organic/nanocrystal hybrid interphase is in-situ built through a facile Mg-Al displacement reaction between aluminum-chloro clusters and Mg in AlCl/EtNHCl solution, and it can effectively minimize the adverse interfacial passivation reaction and surface diffusion barrier, affording the high ion-conduction and electronic insulation.

Room-temperature reversible F-ion batteries based on sulfone electrolytes with a mild anion acceptor additive.

Rechargeable fluoride ion batteries (FIBs) as an emerging anion shuttle system are attracting much attention due to their potential advantages in terms of energy density, cost and safety. A liquid electrolyte system enables the FIB operation at low or room temperature due to its higher ionic conductivity than that of a solid F-ion electrolyte. However, the insolubility of fluoride salts in aprotic solvents limits the development of liquid F-ion electrolytes.

Dual fluorination of polymer electrolyte and conversion-type cathode for high-capacity all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.

All-solid-state batteries are appealing electrochemical energy storage devices because of their high energy content and safety. However, their practical development is hindered by inadequate cycling performances due to poor reaction reversibility, electrolyte thickening and electrode passivation. Here, to circumvent these issues, we propose a fluorination strategy for the positive electrode and solid polymeric electrolyte.

Triple Conductive Wiring by Electron Doping, Chelation Coating and Electrochemical Conversion in Fluffy Nb O Anodes for Fast-Charging Li-Ion Batteries.

High-rate anode material is the kernel of developing fast-charging lithium ion batteries (LIBs). T-Nb O , well-known for its "room and pillar" structure and bulk pseudocapacitive effect, is expected to enable the fast lithium (de)intercalation. But this property is still limited by the low electronic conductivity or insufficient wiring manner.

Construction of solid-liquid fluorine transport channel to enable highly reversible conversion cathodes.

Conversion-type iron fluoride is a promising alternative cathode to intercalation oxides because of its higher energy density. However, its intrinsic solid-solid conversion is sluggish during repeated splitting and rebonding of metal-fluorine moieties. Here, we propose a solid-liquid conversion mechanism to activate the fluorine transport kinetics of iron oxyfluorides enabled by fluoride anion receptor of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (TPFPB).

Lithium Ion Repulsion-Enrichment Synergism Induced by Core-Shell Ionic Complexes to Enable High-Loading Lithium Metal Batteries.

A core-shell additive with anionic Keggin-type polyoxometalate (POM) cluster as core and N-containing cation of ionic liquid (IL) as shell is proposed to stabilize Li-metal batteries (LMBs). The suspended POM derived complex in ether-based electrolyte is absorbed around the protuberances of anode and triggers a lithiophobic repulsion mechanism for the homogenization of Li redistribution. The gradually released POM cores with negative charge then enrich Li and co-assemble with Li.

Maximizing Magnesiation Capacity of Nanowire Cluster Oxides by Conductive Macromolecule Pillaring and Multication Intercalation.

Magnesium metal batteries (MMBs) have obtained the reputation owing to the high volumetric capacity, low reduction potential, and dendrite-free deposition behavior of the Mg metal anode. However, the bivalent nature of the Mg causes its strong coulombic interaction with the cathode host, which limits the reaction kinetics and reversibility of MMBs, especially based on oxide cathodes. Herein, a synergetic modulation of host pillaring and electrolyte formulation is proposed to activate the layered V O cathode with expanded interlayers via sequential intercalations of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB).

Unlocking solid-state conversion batteries reinforced by hierarchical microsphere stacked polymer electrolyte.

Pursuing all-solid-state lithium metal batteries with dual upgrading of safety and energy density is of great significance. However, searching compatible solid electrolyte and reversible conversion cathode is still a big challenge. The phase transformation at cathode and Li deformation at anode would usually deactivate the electrode-electrolyte interfaces.

Consecutive Nucleation and Confinement Modulation towards Li Plating in Seeded Capsules for Durable Li-Metal Batteries.

A dual modulation strategy of consecutive nucleation and confined growth of Li metal is proposed by using the metal-organic framework (MOF) derivative hollow capsule with inbuilt lithiophilic Au or Co-O nanoparticle (NP) seeds as heterogeneous host. The seeding-induced nucleation enables the negligible overpotential and promotes the inward injection of Li mass into the abundant cavities in host, followed by the conformal plating of Li on the outer surface of host during discharging. This modulation alleviates the dendrite growth and volume expansion of Li plating.

Robustness-Heterogeneity-Induced Ultrathin 2D Structure in Li Plating for Highly Reversible Li-Metal Batteries.

Anode interface modification is crucial for the stabilization of Li-metal batteries (LMBs), which have been considered as the most promising system for the electric vehicle market owing to their high energy density (500 W h kg). However, the biggest challenge for LMBs lies in the preservation of anode reversibility, including plated Li morphology control and dendritic Li inhibition during cycling. Here, we propose a nanostructure modulation strategy of Li grains and plating to activate the anode kinetics of LMBs without the compromise of anode stability.

LiCO-affiliative mechanism for air-accessible interface engineering of garnet electrolyte via facile liquid metal painting.

Garnet based solid-state batteries have the advantages of wide electrochemical window and good chemical stability. However, at Li-garnet interface, the poor interfacial wettability due to LiCO passivation usually causes large resistance and unstable contact. Here, a LiCO-affiliative mechanism is proposed for air-accessible interface engineering of garnet electrolyte via facile liquid metal (LM) painting.

Behind the Candelabra: A Facile Flame Vapor Deposition Method for Interfacial Engineering of Garnet Electrolyte To Enable Ultralong Cycling Solid-State Li-FeF Conversion Batteries.

The frustrating interfacial issue between Li metal anode and solid electrolyte is the main obstacle that restricts the commercial promotion of solid-state batteries. The garnet-type ceramic electrolyte with high stability against metallic Li has drawn much attention, but it also suffers from huge interfacial resistance and Li dendrite penetration due to the unavoidable formation of the carbonate passivation layer and limited interface contact. Herein, we propose a facile and effective method of flame vapor deposition to spray candle soot (CS) coating on the garnet surface.

Sandwich-like Catalyst-Carbon-Catalyst Trilayer Structure as a Compact 2D Host for Highly Stable Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Herein, we propose the construction of a sandwich-structured host filled with continuous 2D catalysis-conduction interfaces. This MoN-C-MoN trilayer architecture causes the strong conformal adsorption of S/Li S and its high-efficiency conversion on the two-sided nitride polar surfaces, which are supplied with high-flux electron transfer from the buried carbon interlayer. The 3D self-assembly of these 2D sandwich structures further reinforces the interconnection of conductive and catalytic networks.

Preclinical Herb-Drug Pharmacokinetic Interaction of Extract and Selegiline in Freely Moving Rats.

Selegiline, an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B, is prescribed during the early stages of Parkinson's disease. The nutritional herbal medicine C.A.

Built-In Catalysis in Confined Nanoreactors for High-Loading Li-S Batteries.

A cathode host with strong sulfur/polysulfide confinement and fast redox kinetics is a challenging demand for high-loading lithium-sulfur batteries. Recently, porous carbon hosts derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted wide attention due to their unique spatial structure and customizable reaction sites. However, the loading and rate performance of Li-S cells are still restricted by the disordered pore distribution and surface catalysis in these hosts.

Preclinical Pharmacokinetics of Lamivudine and Its Interaction with Extract in Rats.

(Turcz.) Baill. () extract and its active ingredient, schizandrin, have been used as a botanical medicine and dietary supplement for the treatment of hepatitis.

Ultrathin Defective C-N Coating to Enable Nanostructured Li Plating for Li Metal Batteries.

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are obtaining increasing attention in view of their advantage of theoretical energy density up to 500 Wh kg or higher. However, their performance exploitation is still retarded by anode dendrite growth, dead Li buildup, and electric contact loss at the interface. In order to overcome these challenges, herein, we proposed a defect engineering of a C-N polymer to construct a N-deficient ultrathin film (27 nm) with an unusually narrow bandgap (0.

Development of a Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method for Analyzing Major Ginseng Saponins from Various Ginseng Species.

Ginsenosides, which contain one triterpene and one or more sugar moieties, are the major bioactive compounds of ginseng. The aim of this study was to develop and optimize a specific and reliable ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of twelve different resources of ginseng. The six marker compounds of ginsenoside Rb, ginsenoside Rb, ginsenoside Rc, ginsenoside Rd, ginsenoside Re, and ginsenoside Rg, as well as an internal standard, were separated by a reversed-phase C-18 column with a gradient elution of water and methanol-acetonitrile.