Observing brain function via functional near-infrared spectroscopy during cognitive program training (dual task) in young people.

[Purpose] To study the brain function during a dual task (cycling exercise and cognitive training) via functional near-infrared spectroscopy in young males. [Participants and Methods] Twenty Japanese young male participants were divided into intervention and control groups by simple randomization (n=10 per group). In the intervention group, participants were given a cognitive program training and cycling exercise (dual task).

Exercise using a robotic knee orthosis in stroke patients with hemiplegia.

[Purpose] The Robotics Knee Orthosis (RKO) is a knee-ankle-foot orthosis with active robot assisting technology. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of exercise with the RKO (RKO-exercise) in stroke patients with hemiplegia. [Subjects and Methods] Participants were nine stroke patients with hemiplegia, residing in a convalescent rehabilitation ward.