Utility of palliative prognostic index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in predicting prognosis of end-stage squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing the prognosis of end-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and to develop a more useful prognostic index.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective observational study included 79 patients with end-stage HNSCC. Patients were grouped by patient factors and prognostic indicators, and overall survival from the start of Best Supportive Care was compared for each group.

Incubation of Cyanobacteria under Dark, Anaerobic Conditions and Quantification of the Excreted Organic Acids by HPLC.

Succinate and lactate are commodity chemicals used for producing bioplastics. Recently, it was found that such organic acids are excreted from cells of the unicellular cyanobacterium sp. PCC 6803 under dark, anaerobic conditions.