Effect of high health literacy and the frequency of social activities on preventing disability.

Objective: This longitudinal study aimed to identify the impact of high health literacy (HL) and participation in more social activities (SA) on preventing the risk of disability among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: Participants were 3,486 community-dwelling older adults who underwent functional health examinations. Participants were classified into four groups based on High (Low) HL and High (Low) SA.

Combined Self-Reported and Device-Measured Physical Activity Assessment and Disability Incidence in Older Adults.

Objectives: To clarify the relationship between self-reported and device-measured physical activity (PA) and disability incidences in community-dwelling older adults.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting And Participants: In total, 4504 (median age 75 [range, 72-79] years; women, 52.

Dose-Response Relationships of Daily Steps with Disability Incidence and All-Cause Mortality Stratified by Age and Physical Frailty.

Objectives: To examine the optimal range of steps for an individual based on the dose-response relationship of the number of steps taken with disability incidence and all-cause mortality stratified by age and physical frailty.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting And Participants: 8664 community-dwelling older adults.

Association between willingness to exercise and incident disability in older adults: a prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Purpose: To investigate whether the willingness to exercise (WTE) and exercise habits affect the incidence of disability among older adults.

Methods: This study included 8,354 individuals (72.5 ± 6.

Prevalence and Prognostic Impact of Multiple Frailty Domain in Japanese Older Adults.

Objectives: In this observational study, we aimed to evaluate the independent and overlapping effects of multiple frailty domains on long-term care insurance (LTCI) use.

Design: Population-based cohort design.

Setting And Participants: In total, 9804 community-dwelling older adults were recruited from the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Study of Geriatric Syndromes.

Validation of the Optimal University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale Cutoff Score in Screening for the Prevention of Disability Occurrence Among Older Japanese Adults.

Objectives: The association between loneliness and disability is a growing public health priority. While the University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA-LS) has been internationally used as an indicator for assessing loneliness, its optimal cutoff point in relation to disability occurrence has not yet been examined. Therefore, we aimed to determine the optimal cutoff point of the UCLA-LS regarding future disability.

Association between social isolation and diversity in food intake by gender in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: Few studies have investigated the relationship between low dietary variety and clearly defined social isolation by gender. This study explored the association between dietary variety and social isolation, classified by operational definition, separately by gender in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited respondents via mail.

Association between the level of social participation and depressive symptoms among older Japanese adults: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Social participation is recommended for older adults to remain actively involved in daily life. Social participation is a broad concept, ranging from 'interacting with others without doing a specific activity with them' to 'actively contributing to society.' However, previous studies have not taken into account the components of social participation.

Combined effects of loneliness and diabetes mellitus on disability incidence among older Japanese adults.

Background: Developed countries worldwide face the challenge of aging populations in which loneliness is problematic, leading to mental and physical health issues. Diabetes mellitus (DM) can cause decreased physical activity, reduced functioning, and depressive symptoms. However, how interactions between loneliness and DM influence health outcomes remains unclear.

Risk of dementia with hearing impairment and social isolation.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine whether the concomitance of hearing impairment and isolation with lack of conversation, which is considered self-evident but has not been investigated extensively, is associated with the occurrence of dementia.

Methods: A total of 2745 participants were divided into four groups according to the presence/absence of hearing impairment and isolation with lack of conversation. The association of dementia with hearing impairment and isolation with lack of conversation was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression.

Development of a weighted scoring model for social activities to predict disability incidents among older Japanese adults.

Background: Social activities contribute to health improvements in older adults, but methods for evaluating these activities are not yet established. We developed a scoring model for social activity, weighted by specific activities, to assess the association between disability incidence in older adults and social activities.

Methods: Data were obtained from Japan's National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Study of Geriatric Syndromes (NCGG-SGS).

Classification of social isolation and factors related to loneliness and life satisfaction among socially isolated individuals.

Purpose: To operationally divide social isolation into four categories and examine the factors associated with social isolation and its relationship with loneliness and life satisfaction.

Methods: The participants were community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 60 years who underwent functional health examinations in Chita City, Aichi, Japan. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the associations between social isolation, loneliness, and life satisfaction.

Association between willingness to participate in physical and social activities and loneliness in older adults: A stratified analysis by social isolation status.

Background: This study aimed to examine the relationship between willingness to participate in physical activity (PA) and social activity (SA) and loneliness among community-dwelling older adults and to identify differences depending on whether or not they were socially isolated.

Method: This study included 4,590 participants aged 65 years or older. The study used the UCLA Loneliness Scale and a questionnaire to assess the willingness to participate in PA/SA.

Rapid and reliable hybridoma screening method that is suitable for production of functional structure-recognizing monoclonal antibody.

Monoclonal antibodies are extremely valuable functional biomaterials that are widely used not only in life science research but also in antibody drugs and test drugs. There is also a strong need to develop high-quality neutralizing antibodies as soon as possible in order to stop the rapid spread of new infectious diseases such as the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This study has developed a membrane-type immunoglobulin-directed hybridoma screening (MIHS) method for obtaining high-quality monoclonal antibodies with high efficiency and high speed.

Coxfa4l3, a novel mitochondrial electron transport chain Complex 4 subunit protein, switches from Coxfa4 during spermatogenesis.

We identified Coxfa4l3, previously called C15orf48 or Nmes1, as a novel accessory protein of Complex IV of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). Amino acid sequence comparison, the intracellular localization and the protein expression data showed that the protein is the third isoform of Coxfa4 and the expression of Coxfa4 and Coxfa4l3 proteins during spermatogenesis showed a mutually exclusive pattern, implying that Coxfa4 replaces Coxfa4l3 in Complex IV after meiosis. These results may provide some insight into the unique mechanism of ATP production in late spermatogenesis.

Flow cytometry-based method for rapid and high-throughput screening of hybridoma cells secreting monoclonal antibody.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a valuable biomaterial for basic life sciences and industrial purposes. The production of the mAb is time and effort intensive. In this report, we established a time- and labor-saving method for the mAb production.

Comparison between Ki67 labeling index determined using image analysis software with virtual slide system and that determined visually in breast cancer.

Background: In recent papers, Ki67 labeling index (LI) has been used to classify breast cancer patients into the low and high Ki67LI groups for comparison studies, which showed significant differences in many prognostic factors. It has not been clarified whether image analysis software can be used for calculating LI in breast cancer. In our study, we examined whether Ki67LI in breast cancer calculated using image analysis software correlates with that measured on the basis of visual.

The evolution of spatial ordering of oil drops fast spreading on a water surface.

The design of dynamically self-assembled systems is of high interest in science and technology. Here, we report a unique cascade in the self-ordering of droplets accompanied by a dewetting transition. The dynamic self-emergent droplets are observed when a thin liquid layer of an immiscible fluorocarbon oil (perfluorooctyl bromide, PFOB) is placed on a water surface.