C-reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio Predicts Short-term Postoperative Outcomes and Intraabdominal Abscess Formation in Colorectal Perforation.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate preoperative factors, including the C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio (CAR), associated with postoperative outcomes in patients with colorectal perforation who underwent emergency surgery to improve postoperative prognosis.

Methods: Twenty-eight consecutive patients who underwent emergency surgery for colorectal perforations were included. We retrospectively investigated the clinical factors associated with their postoperative outcomes.

The presurgical controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score is independently associated with severe peristomal skin disorders: a single-center retrospective cohort study.

While nutritional interventions may potentially lower the risk of peristomal skin disorders (PSDs) and their exacerbation, no previous studies have evaluated the relationship between PSDs and nutritional status using the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of preoperative nutritional status on stoma health, and determine risk factors for postoperative PSDs, including severe PSDs. A retrospective analysis was performed of 116 consecutive patients with rectal cancer who underwent radical surgery with ileostomy or colostomy creation.

PD-L1 upregulation is associated with activation of the DNA double-strand break repair pathway in patients with colitic cancer.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a DNA damage-associated chronic inflammatory disease; the DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway participates in UC-associated dysplasia/colitic cancer carcinogenesis. The DSB/interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) pathway can induce PD-L1 expression transcriptionally. However, the association of PD-L1/DSB/IRF-1 with sporadic colorectal cancer (SCRC), and UC-associated dysplasia/colitic cancer, remains elusive.

Low level of stromal lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor 1 and CD8 cytotoxic T-lymphocytes indicate poor prognosis of colorectal cancer.

Background: Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) has been identified as a new marker for functional myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that exhibit an immunosuppressive phenotype in the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the role of LOX-1 cells in the TME of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the expression and significance of LOX-1 in the TME of clinical CRC specimens.

Bowel obstruction due to Chlamydia trachomatis: a case report and review of literature.

Background: Chlamydial infection is a difficult-to-diagnose type of sexually transmitted disease that occurs mainly in young people. We report a case of bowel obstruction caused by intrapelvic adhesions formed by chlamydial infection.

Case Presentation: This patient was a 23-year-old woman who had been suffering from acute abdominal pain.

Outcomes of surgical treatment in patients with anorectal fistula cancer.

Background: No standard treatment for anorectal fistula cancer, such as multidisciplinary therapy, has been established due to the rarity of the disease. Herein, we investigated patients with cancer associated with anorectal fistula who underwent surgery to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics and to propose future perspectives for treatment strategies.

Case Presentation: Seven patients with cancer associated with anorectal fistula who underwent rectal amputation in our institute were analyzed with regard to clinical characteristics, pathological findings, surgical results, and prognosis.

A case of colorectal large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma accompanied by disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis.

Background: Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) of the colon are among the rarest types of colorectal cancers. Among these, large cell type neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is particularly rare. Colorectal NEC is an aggressive disease, and there are few reports of long-term survivors.

Prognostic significance of β2-adrenergic receptor expression in patients with surgically resected colorectal cancer.

Purpose: The β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) is highly expressed in various human cancers. The prognostic significance of its expression in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic role of β2AR expression in patients with surgically resected CRC.

STMN1 accumulation is associated with dysplastic and neoplastic lesions in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is thought to be associated with precancerous lesions that can ultimately lead to colon cancer. Therefore, diagnostic markers for colorectal dysplasia and cancer are urgently needed for patients with UC. Stathmin 1 (STMN1) is a novel cancer biomarker that is also a novel target for treatment in several cancers, including colon cancer.

Role of Amino Acid Transporter Expression as a Prognostic Marker in Patients With Surgically Resected Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is highly expressed in various human cancers. However, the clinicopathological significance of LAT1 and 4F2 cell surface antigen (4F2hc) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify the prognostic significance of LAT1 expression in CRC patients who underwent surgical resection.

Preparation of 1L-myo-Inositol 1-Phosphate as a Substrate of Phosphatidylinositol Phosphate Synthase.

Novel drugs possessing a mechanism of action specific to pathogenic mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, are needed. In 2010, we discovered that the biosynthetic pathway of phosphatidylinositol, which is a membrane phospholipid, differs between humans and mycobacteria. The key enzyme responsible for this difference is phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP) synthase, which is present only in a few bacteria belonging to the phylum Actinobacteria.

A novel one-step lens cleaning device using air and water flow for endoscopic surgery.

In a surgical operation requiring endoscopy, it is essential to obtain a clear endoscopic view. However, it is often disturbed by the contamination on the lens during the surgery. No device can clean the lens surface simply and completely.