Angiostrongylus Cantonensis-Conditioned Culture Medium Induces Myelin Basic Protein Alterations via Erk1/2 and NF-κB Activation in Rat RSC96 Schwann Cells.

Eating of excessive raw or undercooked environmental snails produces angiostrongyliasis demyelination caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis (A. cantonensis). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)1/2-nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway and myelin basic protein (MBP) expression in RSC96 Schwann cells treated with A.

Glucose Transporter Type 4 Redistribution on the Membrane Induced by Insulin through Akt in Hydrocortisone Treatment in Rat Skeletal Muscles.

Hydrocortisone is a growth hormone frequently used in the treatment of low back pain. Hydrocortisone treatment has an anti-inflammation effect, which also inactivates glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibition. Translocation of GLUT4 regulates body glucose homeostasis and muscle repair and is induced by insulin.

Tumor cycling hypoxia induces chemoresistance in glioblastoma multiforme by upregulating the expression and function of ABCB1.

Tumor cycling hypoxia is now a well-recognized phenomenon in animal and human solid tumors. However, how tumor cycling hypoxia impacts chemotherapy is unclear. In the present study, we explored the impact and the mechanism of cycling hypoxia on tumor microenvironment-mediated chemoresistance.

Extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass of symptomatic middle cerebral artery (MCA) total occlusion for haemodynamic impairment patients.

A retrospective, single-centre, non-randomized study in the management of symptomatic middle cerebral artery (MCA) total occlusion disease to evaluate extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass as an intervention for patients with atherosclerotic MCA total occlusion, ischemic symptoms (transient ischemic attacks [TIAs]) or poor cerebral haemodynamics who had not responded well to maximal medical treatment was reported. Twenty-three patients were included in the study with the criteria of: having ischemic syndrome, for example, TIA; being associated with atherosclerotic MCA total occlusion disease (compatible with radiological assessment); being failed to respond to optimal medical therapy (e.g.

Butylidenephthalide suppresses human telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) in human glioblastomas.

Background: Telomerase is widely expressed in most human cancers, but is almost undetectable in normal somatic cells and is therefore a potential drug target. Using the human telomerase promoter platform, the naturally occurring compound butylidenephthalide (BP) was selected for subsequent investigation of antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: We treated human glioblastoma cells with BP and found a dose-dependent decrease in human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA expression and a concomitant increase in p16 and p21 expression.

Dislodged upper thoracic cage in the gastrointestinal tract: a case report and literature reviews.

Study Design: A rare case of esophageal perforation secondary to a dislodged upper thoracic cage found by the gastrointestinal endoscope is presented.

Objective: To report an extremely rare complication of upper thoracic vertebral tuberculosis treated with corpectomy and interbody cage surgery and suggest the cause, mechanism, and outcome of the complication of esophageal perforation.

Summary Of Background Data: Tuberculotic spondylitis often affects the anterior column of the spine and surgery is indicated in the presence of an epidural abscess, neurologic deficits secondary to compression of the spinal cord, bone destruction with instability, or failure of antituberculous therapy.

Exacerbation of symptoms of lumbar disc herniation complicated by a schwannoma: a case report.

Herniation of the lumbar disc is a common cause of low back pain. Conservative management with physiotherapy, such as lumbar spine traction, is usually effective. Although a schwannoma of the lumbar spine is relatively uncommon, the clinical manifestations are similar to those of lumbar disc herniation, making the diagnosis difficult.