Neuron-like lineage differentiation induced by exogenous Neurexin-1 as a potential therapeutic strategy for glioma.

Strategically altering tumor cell fate is a promising treatment for suppressing the malignant phenotype and improving glioma prognosis. This study reveals the favorable impact of the enrichment of neuronal differentiation-related genes on glioma prognosis. A substantial negative correlation was observed between neuronal and mesenchyme-related biological features within gliomas.

Survival Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma from the SEER Database: Comparison with Radiotherapy and Resection.

Purpose: To determine effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation for treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) using a population-based database.

Materials And Methods: Data was extracted from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2000 to 2020 to include 194 patients who underwent ablation for iCCA. Patient demographics, overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were retrieved.

Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy versus Capecitabine/Temozolomide for the Treatment of Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT), a form of Radioligand Therapy (RLT), and Capecitabine/Temozolomide (CAPTEM) are cornerstones of systemic therapy for metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs). Data regarding comparative efficacy are lacking. Herein, we compare the efficacy of PRRT vs.

Targeted therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma: past, present, and future.

Targeted therapies are the mainstay of systemic therapies for patients with advanced, unresectable, or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Several therapeutic targets, such as c-Met, TGF-β, and FGFR, have been evaluated in the past, though results from these clinical studies failed to show clinical benefit. However, these remain important targets for the future with novel targeted agents and strategies.

Visual deterioration outcomes following optic pathway glioma treatment: a 12-year single institution retrospective study.

Objective: The surgical treatment of optic pathway gliomas (OPG) remains controversial, with visual outcomes often unpredictable. The present study explored surgical and clinical factors influencing visual acuity (VA) after OPG treatment and developed anatomical subtypes correlated with clinical symptoms.

Methods: Children with OPG who underwent initial partial tumor resection at Beijing Tiantan Hospital from January 2011 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

MEN1/DAXX/ATRX mutations enhance progression-free survival in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors treated with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.

Pre-clinical data suggest that mutations in the MEN1, DAXX, and/or ATRX genes may potentially increase radiation efficacy in cancer cells. Herein, we explore the association between response to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) and those mutations in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). We analyzed tissue-based next generation sequencing (NGS) assay results and clinicopathologic data from 28 patients with GEP-NETs treated with PRRT.

COMPANION-002 A clinical trial of investigational drug CTX-009 plus paclitaxel vs paclitaxel in second line advanced BTC.

Treatment options for patients with biliary tract cancer are limited, and the prognosis is poor. CTX-009, a novel bispecific antibody targeting both DLL4 and VEGF-A, has demonstrated antitumor activity in patients with advanced cancers as both a monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy. In a phase II study of patients with advanced biliary tract cancer who had received one or two prior therapies, CTX-009 with paclitaxel demonstrated a 37.

Multi-Institutional Study Evaluating the Role of Circulating Tumor DNA in the Management of Appendiceal Cancers.

Purpose: Conventional surveillance methods are poorly sensitive for monitoring appendiceal cancers (AC). This study investigated the utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in evaluating systemic therapy response and recurrence after surgery for AC.

Methods: Patients from two specialized centers who underwent tumor-informed ctDNA testing (Signatera) were evaluated to determine the association between systemic therapy and ctDNA detection.

A shared neoantigen vaccine combined with immune checkpoint blockade for advanced metastatic solid tumors: phase 1 trial interim results.

Therapeutic vaccines that elicit cytotoxic T cell responses targeting tumor-specific neoantigens hold promise for providing long-term clinical benefit to patients with cancer. Here we evaluated safety and tolerability of a therapeutic vaccine encoding 20 shared neoantigens derived from selected common oncogenic driver mutations as primary endpoints in an ongoing phase 1/2 study in patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors. Secondary endpoints included immunogenicity, overall response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival.

Modified Radiation Lobectomy Strategy of Radioembolization for Right-Sided Unresectable Primary Liver Tumors.

Purpose: To assess the safety and effectiveness of using modified radiation lobectomy (mRL) to treat primary hepatic tumors located in the right hepatic lobe (Segments V-VIII) and to determine future liver remnant (FLR) hypertrophy.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed at a single institution to include 19 consecutive patients (7 females, 12 males) who underwent single-session mRL for right-sided primary hepatic tumors: 15 received segmentectomy plus lobectomy (segmental dose of >190 Gy and lobar dose of >80 Gy); 4 were treated with the double-segmental approach (dominant segments of >190 Gy and nondominant segments of >80 Gy). Treated tumors included 13 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 4 cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), and 2 mixed-type HCC-CCA with a median dominant tumor size of 5.

SWOG 1609 cohort 48: anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 for advanced gallbladder cancer.

Introduction: Most patients with advanced gallbladder cancer are treated with multiagent chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors offer the possibility of a durable response with less toxicity. This prospective, multicenter, open-label study was designed to evaluate the anticancer activity of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with advanced gallbladder cancer.

Combination of transarterial radioembolization with atezolizumab and bevacizumab for intermediate and advanced staged hepatocellular carcinoma: A preliminary report of safety and feasibility.

Purpose: The IMbrave150 Phase III trial demonstrated the superiority of atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev) over sorafenib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study aims to evaluate the feasibility of TARE in combination with Atezo/Bev for the treatment of intermediate and advanced staged HCC.

Methods: A retrospective review at a single institution was performed between May 2021 and December 2022.

PVT1 promotes proliferation and macrophage immunosuppressive polarization through STAT1 and CX3CL1 regulation in glioblastoma multiforme.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the role of plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1), a long non-coding RNA, in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and its impact on the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Methods: We assessed aberrant PVT1 expression in glioma tissues and its impact on GBM cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we investigated PVT1's role in influencing glioma-associated macrophages.

Selective internal radiation therapy using yttrium-90 microspheres for treatment of localized and locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Objectives: To evaluate safety and effectiveness of selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) using yttrium-90 for localized and locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA).

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of patients with localized iCCA treated with SIRT at a single institution. Overall survival (OS), local tumor response, progression-free survival (PFS), and toxicity were collected.

Single center outcomes from parenchymal-sparing resections and microwave ablations for neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases.

Background: Reported outcomes after surgical debulking in patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases (NETLM) are sparse.

Methods: NETLM patients that underwent surgical debulking from 2019 to 2021 were reviewed. Trends in perioperative liver function, complications, symptom response, and progression-free survival were examined.

Segmental Yttrium-90 Radioembolization Using Glass Microspheres Greater than 400 Gray for the Treatment of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Preliminary Experience.

Radiation segmentectomy with a dose of >190 Gy using yttrium-90 (Y) glass microspheres for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) has been shown to be safe and effective. The present study further increased the dose to >400 Gy for treatment of iCCA as complete pathologic necrosis has been shown in hepatocellular carcinoma using this ablative approach. A total of 10 patients with 13 tumors (median size, 5.

Light It Up! The Use of DOTATATE in Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Radiolabeled somatostatin analogs are increasingly used in the diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors. Diagnostic imaging with 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT has demonstrated the improved sensitivity in detecting primary and metastatic neuroendocrine lesions compared with conventional imaging and prior generation somatostatin receptor imaging. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with 177Lu-DOTATATE is now frequently included in the management of neuroendocrine neoplasms, with prospective randomized control studies demonstrating its beneficial impact on survival and quality of life.

Yttrium-90 Radioembolization and Concomitant Systemic Gemcitabine, Cisplatin, and Capecitabine as the First-Line Therapy for Locally Advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Purpose: To determine the safety and effectiveness of yttrium-90 transarterial radioembolization (TARE) combined with systemic gemcitabine, cisplatin, and capecitabine for the first-line treatment of locally advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA).

Materials And Methods: Data of 13 patients with treatment-naïve, locally advanced iCCA treated with a downstaging protocol using gemcitabine, cisplatin, TARE, and capecitabine were retrospectively reviewed. Overall survival (OS), local tumor response (modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors), progression-free survival (PFS), technical adverse events, and toxicity were measured.

Phase 1 Randomized Trial of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Followed by Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab or Nivolumab Alone in Advanced/Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for advanced or unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, survival remains poor with only a subset of patients deriving benefit. This trial investigated the safety and efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) with immunotherapy in HCC.

Individualized, heterologous chimpanzee adenovirus and self-amplifying mRNA neoantigen vaccine for advanced metastatic solid tumors: phase 1 trial interim results.

Checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapies provide limited benefit to patients with tumors of low immune reactivity. T cell-inducing vaccines hold promise to exert long-lasting disease control in combination with CPI therapy. Safety, tolerability and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of an individualized, heterologous chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAd68) and self-amplifying mRNA (samRNA)-based neoantigen vaccine in combination with nivolumab and ipilimumab were assessed as primary endpoints in an ongoing phase 1/2 study in patients with advanced metastatic solid tumors (NCT03639714).

A Reverse Mutation E143K within the PrM Protein of Zika Virus Asian Lineage Natal RGN Strain Increases Infectivity and Cytopathicity.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the Flaviviridae, which is classified into two different lineages Asian and African. The outbreak of ZIKV Asian lineage isolates in 2015-2016 is associated with the increase in cases with prenatal microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome, and has sparked attention throughout the world. Genome sequence alignment and the analysis of Asian and African lineage isolates indicate that amino acid changes, particular in positively charged amino acid substitutions in the pr region of prM protein might involve a phenotypic change that links with the global outbreak of ZIKV Asian-lineage.

Corrigendum: The Visual Acuity Outcome and Relevant Factors Affecting Visual Improvement in Pediatric Sporadic Chiasmatic-Hypothalamic Glioma Patients Who Received Surgery.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.