Successful Excision of Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma of the Superior Vena Cava.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare, low-grade vascular tumor. Mediastinal localization is rare for epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. We report a case of a radically resected mediastinal EHE originating from the superior vena cava.

Pathological evaluation of the visceral pleura in the radical pleurectomy/decortication for malignant pleural mesothelioma patients.

Background: Radical pleurectomy/decortication (P/D) is applied as a surgical treatment of resectable malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Although P/D removed visceral pleura, dissection plain was not histologically explored previously. We examined a pathological evaluation of surgically removed visceral pleura in P/D.

Successful Excision of Endobronchial Cellular Schwannoma With Right Lower Sleeve Lobectomy.

Cellular schwannoma is a rare variant of schwannoma, showing high cellularity and a low mitotic index. A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a 2-month history of productive cough. Chest computed tomography showed an endobronchial tumor with complete atelectasis of the right lower lobe.

High expression of P-cadherin is significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Placental (P)-cadherin expression is associated with malignant phenotype of cancer cell. The loss of E-cadherin has been thought to play a key role in tumor progression in several cancers. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of P-cadherin expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Endobronchial Granular Tumor Excision With Bronchial Resection Inclusive of Second Carinoplasty.

Bronchial granular cell tumor is a rare tumor. A 39-year-old nonsmoking woman was admitted to our hospital with back pain. Chest computed tomography scan and bronchoscopy revealed a 10-mm endobronchial tumor arising from the membrane near the second carina.

Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α affects tumor proliferation and antiapoptosis in surgically resected lung cancer.

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 is a transcription factor that allows cells to adapt to hypoxic situations. HIF-1 is known to control tissue proliferation, antiapoptosis, angiogenesis and glucose metabolism. Furthermore, HIF-1 is involved in the growth of numerous cancer types.

Efficacy of Supraglottic Airway for Preventing Lung Injury Associated with Coughing at Extubation after Pulmonary Lobectomy.

Background: The use of double-lumen endobronchial tubes (DLTs) is necessary for differential lung ventilation during pulmonary lobectomy. However, when used with conventional extubation procedures, coughing is more likely and is associated with an increased risk for parenchymal air leak along the staple line and possible subsequent lung injury. We examined the prevalence of coughing-associated air leaks at extubation and the efficacy of using supraglottic airways (SGAs) to prevent air leaks with post-lobectomy extubation.

Successful excision of a massive bleeding schwannoma by thoracoscopic surgery.

Massive intrathoracic bleeding caused by rupture of a benign schwannoma is extremely rare. A 73-year-old man was admitted to our emergency department because of chest pain and dyspnea. Computed tomography revealed massive pleural effusion and a posterior mediastinal tumor.

Interim results of pleurectomy/decortication and intraoperative intrapleural hyperthermic cisplatin perfusion for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma intolerable to extrapleural pneumonectomy.

Objective: Surgical procedure for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains controversial. We reviewed our protocol including pleurectomy/decortication (P/D) for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma who were intolerable to extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP).

Patients And Methods: From June 2010 to April 2014, 14 patients with MPM were intended to treat with multimodality therapy including surgery.

Four cases of contralateral pneumothorax after pneumonectomy.

Contralateral pneumothorax after pneumonectomy (CPAP) is a rare but potentially fatal condition. Therefore, when treating CPAP prevention of recurrence is very important. Despite a number of case reports about CPAP, its management is still controversial.

Opposing role of NMDA receptor GluN2B and GluN2D in somatosensory development and maturation.

Development of correct topographical connections between peripheral receptors and central somatosensory stations requires activity-dependent synapse refinement, in which the NMDA type of glutamate receptors plays a key role. Here we compared functional roles of GluN2B (GluRε2 or NR2B) and GluN2D (GluRε4 or NR2D), two major regulatory subunits of neonatal NMDA receptors, in development of whisker-related patterning at trigeminal relay stations. Compared with control littermates, both the appearance of whisker-related patterning and the termination of the critical period, as assessed by unilateral infraorbital nerve transection, were delayed by nearly a day in the somatosensory cortex of GluN2B(+/-) mice but advanced by nearly a day in GluN2D(-/-) mice.

Port-site recurrence after complete resection of stage I thymoma by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: report of a case.

A 62-year-old female with myasthenia gravis and a mediastinal tumor underwent extended thymothymectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). The tumor was diagnosed as a stage I type B2 thymoma. Eight years after the initial surgery, an abnormal shadow was detected on the annual follow-up chest radiograph, and computed tomography showed a homogeneous 35 × 15 mm hemispherical mass under a port-site scar in the right anterior chest wall.

Phrenic nerve paralysis from recurrence of stage I thymoma with myasthenia gravis 10 years after complete resection.

A 34-year-old woman underwent thymo-thymectomy for myasthenia gravis (MG) and was diagnosed with type B3 Masaoka stage I thymoma. Phrenic nerve paralysis developed 8 years after surgery, and a left-sided mediastinal mass was seen on a chest radiograph 10 years after surgery. Chest computed tomography revealed a tumor measuring 57 × 21 × 28 mm beside the aortic arch.

[Surgical treatment of oral cancer pulmonary metastases].

We examined the efficacy of surgical resection of oral cancer pulmonary metastases. Between April 2001 and October 2010, 12 patients with pulmonary metastases underwent thoracic operations. There were 8 men and 4 women with a median age of 66.

Cytochemical and cytological properties of perineuronal oligodendrocytes in the mouse cortex.

Neuronal cell bodies are associated with glial cells collectively referred to as perineuronal satellite cells. One such satellite cell is the perineuronal oligodendrocyte, which is unmyelinating oligodendrocytes attaching to large neurons in various neural regions. However, little is known about their cellular characteristics and function.

Glutamate transporters regulate lesion-induced plasticity in the developing somatosensory cortex.

Glutamate transporters are involved in neural differentiation, neuronal survival, and synaptic transmission. In the present study, we examined glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) expression in the neonatal somatosensory cortex of C57BL/6 mice, and pursued its role in somatosensory development by comparing barrel development between GLT1 knock-out and control mice. During the first few neonatal days, a critical period for barrels, GLT1 expression is strikingly upregulated in cortical astrocytes, whereas it was downregulated in neuronal elements to below the detection threshold.

Segmental and complementary expression of L-serine biosynthetic enzyme 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and neutral amino acid transporter ASCT1 in the mouse kidney.

3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh) is the initial step enzyme in the phosphorylated pathway of L-serine biosynthesis. We have previously revealed in the brain that Phgdh is preferentially expressed in glial cells, but not in neurons, and that glia-borne L-serine exerts strong neurotrophic actions to neuronal survive, differentiation, and development. To investigate whether such an L-serine-meditated intercellular relationship is constructed in peripheral organs and tissues, we examined the kidney, which is one of the organs with the highest expression of Phgdh mRNA in the body.

Changes in occlusal contact area and average bite pressure during treatment of anterior crossbite in primary dentition.

The purpose of this study was to examine changes in functional parameters of patients with anterior crossbite in primary dentition during orthodontic treatment. Occlusal contact area (OCA), average bite pressure (ABP) and integrated occlusal load (IOL) were measured. Data obtained before the start of treatment (period A), data obtained when crossbite had improved (period B) and data obtained when the appliance had been removed (period C) were compared.