Total Synthesis of Caldorazole, a Potent Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Inhibitor without Chiral Centers.

Caldorazole () is a novel polyketide that was isolated from a marine cyanobacterium in 2022. It is a unique natural product that exhibits potent inhibitory activity against mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I despite having no chiral centers. To establish a method for obtaining caldorazole without relying on biological resources and for constructing a useful synthetic route for studies of its structure-activity relationship, we achieved the first total synthesis of caldorazole using a convergent synthetic route.

Isolation of Caldorazole, a Thiazole-Containing Polyketide with Selective Cytotoxicity under Glucose-Restricted Conditions.

Caldorazole () was isolated from the marine cyanobacterium sp. collected on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan. Its structure was determined to be a new polyketide that contained two thiazole rings and an -methylenolpyruvamide moiety.

Rational Design of a Novel Intercalation System. Layer-Gap Control of Crystalline Coordination Polymers, {[Cu(CA)(H(2)O)(m)()](G)}(n)() (m = 2, G = 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine and Phenazine; m = 1, G = 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-Octahydrophenazine).

New copper(II) intercalation compounds, {[Cu(CA)(H(2)O)(2)](G)}(n)() (H(2)CA = chloranilic acid; G = 2,5-dimethylpyrazine (dmpyz) (1a and 1b) and phenazine (phz) (2)) have been synthesized and characterized. 1acrystallizes in the triclinic space group P&onemacr;, with a = 8.028(2) Å, b = 10.