Low dosage ionic liquid-driven mild and selective lignocellulosic deconstruction of corn stover using biphasic co-solvent systems.

Ionic liquids (ILs) are highly effective in lignocellulose pretreatment due to their excellent solvation properties. However, the single-phase nature of conventional IL pretreatment not only causes component mixing, complicating separation and utilization, but also limits large-scale application due to the high cost. To address these challenges, this study developed a biphasic pretreatment system combining the protic IL [BHEM]mesy with aqueous pentanol, aiming to efficiently fractionate corn stover under mild conditions.

Enhanced Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Tobacco Stalk via Simultaneous Deconstruction and Modification through Triton X-100-mediated Organosolv Pretreatment.

Tobacco stalks (TS) present substantial potential for biofuel and biochemical production; however, their complex lignin structures and tightly bound carbohydrates pose significant challenges for enzymatic hydrolysis due to high recalcitrance. This study explores Triton-X 100-mediated 1,4-butanediol combined with AlCl3 pretreatment for TS fractionation towards improving enzymatic hydrolysis. Optimized pretreatment conditions achieved a significant removal of 87.

Role of in situ surfactant modification of lignin structure and surface properties during glycerol pretreatment in modulating cellulase-lignin binding affinities.

Surfactants are effective agents for enhancing lignocellulosic pretreatment, synergistically modifying lignin with polyols to improve substrate hydrolyzability while achieving comparable delignification. However, the mechanisms underlying the multiple modifications from dual in situ surfactant/polyols grafting that passivate lignin-cellulase interactions and their core affecting factors remain unclear. Following the previously developed polyethylene glycol (PEG) and Triton-assisted pretreatment, the intrinsic correlation among lignin structures, physical barriers, and cellulase interactions was analyzed in this study.

In-depth recognition of mixed surfactants maintaining the enzymatic activity of cellulases through stabilization of their spatial structures.

Mixed surfactants improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates by enhancing cellulase stability against heat, pH, shear, and air-liquid interface stress. Under conditions of multiple factorial stresses (50 °C, pH 4.8, 180 rpm, and 15.

Valorization of Lignocellulose with One-Step Acidified Monophasic Phenoxyethanol Fractionation.

Effective fractionation of lignocelluosic biomass and subsequent valorization of all three major components under mild conditions were achieved. Pretreatment with acidified monophasic phenoxyethanol (EPH) efficiently removed 92.6 % lignin and 80 % xylan from poplar at 110 °C in 60 min, yielding high-value EPH-xyloside, EPH-modified lignin (EPHL), and a solid residue nearly purely composed of carbohydrates.

Quantitative correlation analysis between particle liquefaction and saccharification through dynamic changes of slurry rheological behavior and particle characteristics during high-solid enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse.

This study identified the intrinsic relationships among slurry rheology, particle characteristics, and lignocellulosic liquefaction/saccharification based on correlation analysis and principal component analysis during the hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse pretreated by deep eutectic solvents (DES) and mechanical milling (MM). The DES-MM pretreated lignocellulosic slurry (20% solids) exhibited high apparent viscosity of 1.4 × 10 Pa·s and shear stress of 929.

Dual assistance of surfactants in glycerol organosolv pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass for bioethanol production.

This study investigated an innovative strategy of incorporating surfactants into alkaline-catalyzed glycerol pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis to improve lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) conversion efficiency. Results revealed that adding 40 mg/g PEG 4000 to the pretreatment at 195 °C obtained the highest glucose yield (84.6%).

Surfactants facilitated glycerol organosolv pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass by structural modification for co-production of fermentable sugars and highly reactive lignin.

This study reported that surfactants could facilitate the organosolv pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) to produce fermentable sugars and highly active lignin. Under the optimized conditions, the surfactant-assisted glycerol organosolv (saGO) pretreatment achieved 80.7% delignification with a retention of 93.

Advances in organosolv modified components occurring during the organosolv pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass.

The valorization of organosolv pretreatment (OP) is a required approach to the industrialization of the current enzyme-mediated lignocellulosic biorefinery. Recent literature has demonstrated that the solvolysis happening in the OP can modify the soluble components into value-added active compounds, namely organosolv modified lignin (OML) and organosolv modified sugars (OMSs), in addition to protecting them against excessive degradation. Among them, the OML is coincidental with the "lignin-first" strategy that should render a highly reactive lignin enriched with β-O-4 linkages and less condensed structure by organosolv grafting, which is desirable for the transformation into phenolic compounds.

Advances and perspectives on mass transfer and enzymatic hydrolysis in the enzyme-mediated lignocellulosic biorefinery: A review.

Enzymatic hydrolysis is a critical process for the cellulase-mediated lignocellulosic biorefinery to produce sugar syrups that can be converted into a whole range of biofuels and biochemicals. Such a process operating at high-solid loadings (i.e.

Efficient co-production of xylooligosaccharides and glucose from lignocelluloses by acid/pentanol pretreatment: Synergetic role of lignin removal and inhibitors.

A novel technology for co-production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and glucose from Monterey pine sawdust and wheat straw was introduced using dilute acid (DA)/pentanol pretreatment. Effects of pretreatment severity (PS), lignin removal, and inhibitors with byproduct concentrations on XOS production were investigated. Optimal identified conditions (PS: 3.

Positive role of non-catalytic proteins on mitigating inhibitory effects of lignin and enhancing cellulase activity in enzymatic hydrolysis: Application, mechanism, and prospective.

Fermentable sugar production from lignocellulosic biomass has received considerable attention and has been dramatic progress recently. However, due to low enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) yields and rates, a high dosage of the costly enzyme is required, which is a bottleneck for commercial applications. Over the last decades, various strategies have been developed to reduce cellulase enzyme costs.

A tailored bifunctional carbon catalyst for efficient glycosidic bond fracture and selective hemicellulose fractionation.

This study proposed a mild chlorination-sulfonation approach to synthesize magnetic carbon acid bearing with catalytic SOH and adsorption Cl bifunctional sites on polydopamine coating. The catalysts exerted good textural structure and surface chemical properties (i.e.

Towards biomass production and wastewater treatment by enhancing the microalgae-based nutrients recovery from liquid digestate in an innovative photobioreactor integrated with dialysis bag.

Microalgae-based nutrients recovery from liquid anaerobic digestate of swine manure has been a hotspot in recent decades. Nevertheless, in consideration of the high NH-N content and poor light penetrability exhibited by the original liquid digestate, uneconomical pretreatment on liquid digestate including centrifugation and dilution are indispensable before microalgae cells inoculation. Herein, aiming at eliminating the energy-intensive and freshwater-consuming pretreatment on liquid digestate and enhancing microalgae growth, the dialysis bag which permits nutrients transferring across its wall surface whereas retains almost all matters characterized by impeding light transmission within the raw liquid digestate was integrated into a column photobioreactor (DB-PBR).

Glycerol organosolv pretreatment can unlock lignocellulosic biomass for production of fermentable sugars: Present situation and challenges.

The complex structure of lignocellulosic biomass forms the recalcitrance to prevent the embedded holo-cellulosic sugars from undergoing the biodegradation. Therefore, a pretreatment is often required for an efficient enzymatic lignocellulosic hydrolysis. Recently, glycerol organosolv (GO) pretreatment is revealed potent in selective deconstruction of various lignocellulosic biomass and effective improvement of enzymatic hydrolysis.

Carbon cloth facilitates semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of organic wastewater rich in volatile fatty acids from dark fermentation.

The anaerobic digestion of wastewater rich in volatile fatty acids (VFAs) provides a sustainable approach for methane production whilst reducing environmental pollution. However, the anaerobic digestion of VFAs may not be stable during long-term operation under a short hydraulic retention time. In this study, conductive carbon cloth was supplemented to investigate the impacts on the anaerobic digestion of VFAs in wastewater sourced from dark fermentation.

Effects of foam nickel supplementation on anaerobic digestion: Direct interspecies electron transfer.

Stimulating direct interspecies electron transfer with conductive materials is a promising strategy to overcome the limitation of electron transfer efficiency in syntrophic methanogenesis of industrial wastewater. This paper assessed the impact of conductive foam nickel (FN) supplementation on syntrophic methanogenesis and found that addition of 2.45 g/L FN in anaerobic digestion increased the maximum methane production rate by 27.

Hydrogen fermentation of organic wastewater with high ammonium concentration via electrodialysis system.

An advanced electrodialysis fermentation system was set up to remove ammonium during hydrogen fermentation. When the voltage was increased from 0 to 6 V, the average ammonium removal rate was improved from 8.7 to 31.

Enhancing fermentative hydrogen production with the removal of volatile fatty acids by electrodialysis.

A three-chamber electrodialysis bioreactor comprising fermentation, cathode and anode chambers was proposed to remove in situ volatile fatty acids during hydrogen fermentation. The electrodialysis voltage of 4 V resulted in a volumetric hydrogen productivity of 1878.0 mL/L from the fermentation chamber, which is 55.

An annular photobioreactor with ion-exchange-membrane for non-touch microalgae cultivation with wastewater.

To eliminate the negative impacts of pollutants in wastewater (such as suspended solids, excess N, P, heavy metals) on microalgae growth, an annular ion-exchange-membrane photobioreactor (IEM-PBR) was proposed in this study. The IEM-PBR could avoid direct mixing of algae cells with wastewater by separating them into two chambers. In the IEM-PBR, the nutrients (mainly N and P) in wastewater continuously permeated into microalgae cultures through the ion-exchange-membrane for microalgae growth, while the pollutants hardly permeated into microalgae cultures.