Improved production of β-carotene in light-powered Escherichia coli by co-expression of Gloeobacter rhodopsin expression.

Background: Providing sufficient and usable energy for the cell factory has long been a heated issue in biosynthesis as solar energy has never been rooted out from the strategy for improvement, and turning Escherichia coli (E. coli) into a phototrophic host has multiple captivating qualities for biosynthesis. In this study, β-carotene was a stable compound for production in E.