Publications by authors named "Chih-Lin Kuo"

Background: Colorectal cancer remains a major global public health challenge. Its incidence is shaped by a complex interplay of screening programmes and age, period and cohort factors.

Methods: We introduce a novel Age-Period-Cohort-Screening (APCS) model to analyse trends in colorectal cancer incidence in Taiwan from 2000 to 2019.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study evaluated the global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection in adults and children/adolescents, linking it to gastric cancer rates.
  • After reviewing nearly 17,000 articles, researchers found that H pylori infection prevalence dropped from 52.6% to 43.9% in adults but remained at 35.1% in children and adolescents from 2015 to 2022.
  • The decline in H pylori in adults was significant in certain regions, while the relationship between H pylori prevalence and decreasing gastric cancer incidence prompts the need for further large-scale clinical trials to confirm these findings.
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Aim: This study aimed to investigate the readmission pattern and risk factors for patients who experienced a hyperglycemic crisis.

Methods: Patients admitted to MacKay Memorial Hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) between January 2016 and April 2019 were studied. The timing of the first readmission for hyperglycemia and other causes was recorded.

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Peritoneal dissemination is the most frequent metastatic route of ovarian cancer. However, due to the high heterogeneity in ovarian cancer, most conventional studies lack parental tumor controls relevant to metastases and, thus, it is difficult to trace the molecular changes of cancer cells along with the selection by the abdominal microenvironment. Here, we established an in vivo mouse peritoneal dissemination scheme that allowed us to select more aggressive sublines from parental ovarian cancer cells, including A2780 and SKOV-3.

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Upper eyelid movement depends on the antagonistic actions of orbicularis oculi muscle and levator aponeurosis. Blepharoptosis is an abnormal drooping of upper eyelid margin with the eye in primary position of gaze. Transconjunctival incisions for upper eyelid ptosis correction have been a well-developed technique.

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Osteoporosis impairs the bone-healing process as well as bone fracture fixation. The intervention of osteoporosis is considered to be one part of bone fracture treatment. Thus, orthopedic fixators impregnated with antiosteoporosis regimens will improve fracture fixation in osteoporotic bone.

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Recent studies suggest AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an enzyme involved in energy homeostasis, might be a novel signaling pathway in regulating inflammatory response, but the precise intracellular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we have demonstrated that 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR), an activator of AMPK, inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in macrophages and microglial cells at the gene transcription level. Data obtained from electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and promoter activity assay have further confirmed the ability of AICAR to block LPS-mediated NF-kappaB, AP-1, CREB, and C/EBPbeta activation.

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Integration of HIV-1 viral DNA into the host genome is carried out by HIV-integrase (IN) and is a critical step in viral replication. Although several classes of compounds have been reported to inhibit IN in enzymatic assays, inhibition is not always correlated with antiviral activity. Moreover, potent antiviral IN inhibitors such as the chicoric acids do not act upon the intended enzymatic target but behave as entry inhibitors instead.

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