Peaks, sources, and immediate health impacts of PM and PM exposure in Indonesia and Taiwan with microsensors.

Background: Microsensors have been used for the high-resolution particulate matter (PM) monitoring.

Objectives: This study applies PM and health microsensors with the objective of assessing the peak exposure, sources, and immediate health impacts of PM and PM in two Asian countries.

Methods: Exposure assessment and health evaluation were carried out for 50 subjects in 2018 and 2019 in Bandung, Indonesia and for 55 subjects in 2019 and 2020 in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.