Structural Diversity and Dimensionality of Three Cu(II)-dpds-CO Coordination Polymers Controlled by the Coordination Sphere of Cu(II) Centers and the Coordination Modes of CO (dpds = 4,4'-Dipyridyldisulfide).

Three supramolecular architectures, [Cu(dpds)(CO)(HO)]·3HO (), [Cu(dpds)(CO)]·3HO (), and [Cu(dpds)(CO)]·9HO·CHOH () (dpds = 4,4'-dipyridyldisulfide and CO (croconate) = dianion of 4,5-dihydroxycyclopent-4-ene-1,2,3-trione), have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Compound contains two crystallographically independent Cu(II) ions, which are both distorted octahedral geometry with elongation along the croconate- and HO-bound axial positions and bonded with two N atoms of two dpds, two O atoms of one CO , and two HO molecules. Two crystallographically independent dpds ligands, both adopting the bis-monodentate bridging mode, connect two Cu(II) ions to form a one-dimensional zigzag chain-like coordination polymer.

Development of innovative and green adsorbents for in situ cleanup of fluoride-polluted groundwater: Mechanisms and field-scale studies.

In this study, the magnesium oxide (MgO)-based adsorbents [granulated MgO aggregates (GA-MgO) and surface-modified MgO powder (SM-MgO)] were developed to remediate a fluoride-contaminated groundwater site. Both GA-MgO and SM-MgO had porous, spherical, and crystalline structures. Diameters for GA-MgO and SM-MgO were 1-1.

Genome editing without nucleases confers proliferative advantage to edited hepatocytes and corrects Wilson disease.

Application of classic liver-directed gene replacement strategies is limited in genetic diseases characterized by liver injury due to hepatocyte proliferation, resulting in decline of therapeutic transgene expression and potential genotoxic risk. Wilson disease (WD) is a life-threatening autosomal disorder of copper homeostasis caused by pathogenic variants in copper transporter ATP7B and characterized by toxic copper accumulation, resulting in severe liver and brain diseases. Genome editing holds promise for the treatment of WD; nevertheless, to rescue copper homeostasis, ATP7B function must be restored in at least 25% of the hepatocytes, which surpasses by far genome-editing correction rates.

Detection of nitrofurazone with metal-organic frameworks and reduced graphene oxide composites: insights from molecular dynamics simulations.

Two-dimensional metal-organic framework (MOF) composites were produced by incorporating Fe-MOFs into reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets to form Fe-MOF/rGO composites by hydrothermal synthesis. SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, and measurements of contact angles were used to characterize the composites. TEM studies revealed that the rod-like-shaped Fe-MOFs were extensively dispersed on the rGO sheets.

Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Water Vapor Sorption Behavior of Two Ligand Ratio-Dependent Supramolecular Networks, [Cd(2,2'-bpym)(BDC)]·0.5(2,2'-bpym)·5HO and [Cd(2,2'-bpym)(BDC)(HO)].

Two ligand ratio-dependent supramolecular networks, [Cd(2,2'-bpym)(BDC)]·0.5(2,2'-bpym)·5HO () and [Cd(2,2'-bpym)(BDC)(HO)] (), (BDC = dianion of terephthalic acid and 2,2'-bpym = 2,2'-bipyrimidine) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. Structural determination reveals that compound is a two-dimensional (2D) layered metal-organic framework (MOF) constructed the bridges of Cd(II) ions with 2,2'-bpym and BDC ligands, and compound is a zero-dimensional (0D) 2,2'-bpym-bridged di-Cd(II) monomeric complex.

Electrochemical characterization of and theoretical insight into a series of 2D MOFs, [M(bipy)(CO)(HO)]·3HO (M = Mn (1), Fe (2), Co (3) and Zn (4)), for chemical sensing applications.

The electrochemical sensing applications of a series of water-stable 2D metal-organic framework (MOF)-modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) are reported. The MOF materials in this study are [M(bipy)(CO)(HO)]·3HO, in which bipy = 4,4'-bipyridine and M = Mn, Fe, Co and Zn. The MOF materials are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), showing that the MOFs have a layer-by-layer rod structure with a smooth surface.

Presynaptic Short-Term Plasticity Persists in the Absence of PKC Phosphorylation of Munc18-1.

Post-tetanic potentiation (PTP) is a form of short-term plasticity that lasts for tens of seconds following a burst of presynaptic activity. It has been proposed that PTP arises from protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation of Munc18-1, an SM (Sec1/Munc-18 like) family protein that is essential for release. To test this model, we made a knock-in mouse in which all Munc18-1 PKC phosphorylation sites were eliminated through serine-to-alanine point mutations (Munc18-1SA mice), and we studied mice of either sex.

Synthesis, Structures, and Water Adsorption of Two Coordination Polymers Constructed by M(II) (M = Ni (1) and Zn (2)) with 1,3-Bis(4-Pyridyl)Propane (bpp) and 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylate (BT) Ligands.

Two coordination polymers (CPs), with chemical formulas {[Ni(bpp)(BT)(HO)] 1.5(EtOH) 1.5HO} () and [Zn(bpp)(BT)]·5HO () (bpp = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane, and BT = tetraanion of 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylic acid), have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods.

A Pair of Co Supramolecular Isomers Based on Flexible Bis-Pyridyl-Bis-Amide and Angular Dicarboxylate Ligands.

Thermal reactions of cobalt(II) salts with flexible -bis(pyrid-3-ylmethyl)adipoamide () and angular 4,4'-sulfonyldibenzoic acid (HSDA) in HO and CHOH afforded a pair of supramolecular isomers: [Co()(SDA)], , and [Co()(SDA)]⋅CHOH⋅HO, . The structure of complex can be simplified as a one-dimensional (1D) looped chain with ligands penetrating into the middles of squares, forming a new type of self-catenated net with the (4⋅5)(4)(5) topology, whereas complex displays a 2-fold interpenetrated 2D net with the rare (4⋅6⋅8⋅10)(4)-2,6L1 topology. While both complexes and display antiferromagnetism with strong spin-orbital coupling, the antiferromagnetism of is accompanied by a cross-over behavior and probably a spin canting phenomenon.

Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Ligand-Enhanced Photo-Induced Color-Changing Behavior of Two Hydrogen-Bonded Ho(III)-Squarate Supramolecular Compounds.

Two coordination polymers (CPs) with chemical formulas, [Ho(CO)(CO)(HO)]·4HO (1) and [Ho(CO)(HO)] (2), (CO = dianion of squaric acid, CO = oxalate), have been synthesized and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffractometer (XRD). In compound , the coordination environment of Ho(III) ion is eight-coordinate bonded to eight oxygen atoms from two squarate, one oxalate ligands and four water molecules. The squarates and oxalates both act as bridging ligands with -bis-monodentate and -chelating coordination modes, respectively, connecting the Ho(III) ions to form a one-dimensional (1D) ladder-like framework.

Structural Transformations of Amino-Acid-Based Polymers: Syntheses and Structural Characterization.

A discrete complex [Zn(tpro)₂(H₂O)₂] (, Htpro = l-thioproline), and two structural isomers of coordination polymers, a 1D chain of [Zn(tpro)₂] () and a layered structure [Zn(tpro)₂] (), were synthesized and characterized. The discrete complex undergoes a temperature-driven structural transformation, leading to the formation of a 1D helical coordination polymer . Compound is comprised of a 2D homochiral layer network with a (4,4) topology.

Sponge-Like Water De-/Ad-Sorption versus Solid-State Structural Transformation and Colour-Changing Behavior of an Entangled 3D Composite Supramolecuar Architecture, [Ni₄(dpe)₄(btc)₂(Hbtc)(H₂O)₉]·3H₂O.

An entangled composite compound, [Ni₄(dpe)₄(btc)₂(Hbtc)(H₂O)₉]·3H₂O (), where H₃btc = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid and dpe = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane, has been synthesized and structurally characterized. Single-crystal structural determination reveals that compound consists of four coordination polymers (CPs), with two two-dimensional (2D) (4,4) layered metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) of [Ni(dpe)(Hbtc)(H₂O)] and [Ni(dpe)(btc)(H₂O)] anion, and two one-dimensional (1D) polymeric chains of [Ni(dpe)(btc)(H₂O)₃] anion and [Ni(dpe)(H₂O)₄] cation, respectively. The three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular architecture of is constructed via the inter-penetration of inter-digited, double-layered, 2D rectangle-grid MOFs by two 1D coordination polymeric chains, and tightly entangled together via the combination of inter-CPs π⁻π stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions.

Photocatalysis and Hydrogen Evolution of Al- and Zn-Doped TiO Nanotubes Fabricated by Atomic Layer Deposition.

Highly homogeneous Al- and Zn-doped TiO nanotubes were fabricated by atomic layer deposition (ALD) via nanolaminated stacks of binary layers of TiO/AlO and TiO/ZnO, respectively. The bilayers were alternately deposited on the polycarbonate (PC) membrane template by ALD with various cyclic sequences. The nanotubes in a length of 20 μm and a diameter of 220 nm were obtained after removal of the PC membrane by annealing at 450 °C.

Four Mixed-Ligand Zn(II) Three-Dimensional Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Structural Diversity, and Photoluminescent Property.

Assemblies of four three-dimensional (3D) mixed-ligand coordination polymers (CPs) having formulas, {[Zn₂(bdc)₂(4-bpdh)]·C₂H₅OH·2H₂O} (), [Zn(bdc)(4-bpdh)] (), {[Zn₂(bdc)₂(4-bpdh)₂]·(4-bpdh)} (), and {[Zn(bdc)(4-bpdh)]·C₂H₅OH} () (bdc = dianion of 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 4-bpdh = 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-3,4-diaza-2,4-hexadiene) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. Structural determination reveals that the coordination numbers (geometry) of Zn(II) ions in , , , and are five (distorted square-pyramidal (SP)), six (distorted octahedral (O)), five (trigonal-bipyramidal (TBP)), and four (tetrahedral (T)), respectively, and are bridged by 4-bpdh with -monodentate coordination mode and bdc ligands with -bidentate in , chelating/bidentate in , -monodentate and -bidentate in , and -monodentate in , to generate two-fold interpenetrating 3D cube-like metal-organic framework (MOF) with topology, non-interpenetrating 3D MOF, two-fold interpenetrating 3D rectangular-box-like MOF with topology and five-fold interpenetrating diamondoid-like MOF with topology, respectively. These different intriguing architectures indicate that the coordination numbers and geometries of Zn(II) ions, coordination modes of bdc ligand, and guest molecules play important roles in the construction of MOFs and the formation of the structural topologies and interpenetrations.

High-Density Lipoproteins Exert Pro-inflammatory Effects on Macrophages via Passive Cholesterol Depletion and PKC-NF-κB/STAT1-IRF1 Signaling.

Membrane cholesterol modulates a variety of cell signaling pathways and functions. While cholesterol depletion by high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) has potent anti-inflammatory effects in various cell types, its effects on inflammatory responses in macrophages remain elusive. Here we show overt pro-inflammatory effects of HDL-mediated passive cholesterol depletion and lipid raft disruption in murine and human primary macrophages in vitro.

Chromatographic selectivity of poly(alkyl methacrylate-co-divinylbenzene) monolithic columns for polar aromatic compounds by pressure-driven capillary liquid chromatography.

In this study, divinylbenzene (DVB) was used as the cross-linker to prepare alkyl methacrylate (AlMA) monoliths for incorporating π-π interactions between the aromatic analytes and AlMA-DVB monolithic stationary phases in capillary LC analysis. Various AlMA/DVB ratios were investigated to prepare a series of 30% AlMA-DVB monolithic stationary phases in fused-silica capillaries (250-μm i.d.

Direct formation of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes by atomic layer deposition and their photocatalytic properties.

TiO2 with different morphology was deposited on acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by atomic layer deposition at 100 °C-300 °C to form a TiO2@CNT structure. The TiO2 fabricated at 100 °C was an amorphous film, but became crystalline anatase nanoparticles when fabricated at 200 °C and 300 °C. The saturation growth rates of TiO2 nanoparticles at 300 °C were about 1.

Effects of various hydrogenated treatments on formation and photocatalytic activity of black TiO2 nanowire arrays.

The effects of hydrogen thermal and plasma treatment on the formation and photocatalytic activities of black TiO2 nanowire arrays were investigated and discussed. After either the hydrogen thermal or plasma treatment, the TiO2 nanowires remained. However, in contrast to the plasma treated nanowires, the diameter of the thermal treated TiO2 nanowires reduced more significantly, which was attributed to a thicker surface amorphous layer and more oxygen vacancies.

Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase C Is Not Required for Post-Tetanic Potentiation at the Hippocampal CA3 to CA1 Synapse.

Unlabelled: Post-tetanic potentiation (PTP) is a widespread form of short-term synaptic plasticity in which a period of elevated presynaptic activation leads to synaptic enhancement that lasts tens of seconds to minutes. A leading hypothesis for the mechanism of PTP is that tetanic stimulation elevates presynaptic calcium that in turn activates calcium-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms to phosphorylate targets and enhance neurotransmitter release. Previous pharmacological studies have implicated this mechanism in PTP at hippocampal synapses, but the results are controversial.

Benzene absorption in a protuberant-grid-type zinc(II)-organic framework triggered by the migration of guest water molecules.

The 2D protuberant-grid-type Zn(II)-organic framework consists of unusual racemic interdigitated bilayers and comprises a 3D intersecting channel system. The framework is thermally stable and the channels contain multiple water aggregates. Accompanying the migration of guest water molecules, only the specific channels in the bilayers along the b axis can easily and efficiently absorb guest benzene molecules in a regular manner.

GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors regulate depression-like behavior and are critical for the rapid antidepressant actions of ketamine.

A single, low dose of the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine produces rapid antidepressant actions in treatment-resistant depressed patients. Understanding the cellular mechanisms underlying this will lead to new therapies for treating major depression. NMDARs are heteromultimeric complexes formed through association of two GluN1 and two GluN2 subunits.

The Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 suppresses CREB signaling by targeting NMDA receptor function.

NMDA receptor signaling plays a complex role in CREB activation and CREB-mediated gene transcription, depending on the subcellular location of NMDA receptors, as well as how strongly they are activated. However, it is not known whether Rac1, the prototype of Rac GTPase, plays a role in neuronal CREB activation induced by NMDA receptor signaling. Here, we report that NSC23766, a widely used specific Rac1 inhibitor, inhibits basal CREB phosphorylation at S133 (pCREB) and antagonizes changes in pCREB levels induced by NMDA bath application in rat cortical neurons.

SynGAP regulates protein synthesis and homeostatic synaptic plasticity in developing cortical networks.

Disrupting the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in the developing brain has been causally linked with intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Excitatory synapse strength is regulated in the central nervous system by controlling the number of postsynaptic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs). De novo genetic mutations of the synaptic GTPase-activating protein (SynGAP) are associated with ID and ASD.

Neurodevelopmental role for VGLUT2 in pyramidal neuron plasticity, dendritic refinement, and in spatial learning.

The level and integrity of glutamate transmission during critical periods of postnatal development plays an important role in the refinement of pyramidal neuron dendritic arbor, synaptic plasticity, and cognition. Presently, it is not clear how excitatory transmission via the two predominant isoforms of the vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT1 and VGLUT2) participate in this process. To assess a neurodevelopmental role for VGLUT2 in pyramidal neuron maturation, we generated recombinant VGLUT2 knock-out mice and inactivated VGLUT2 throughout development using Emx1-Cre(+/+) knock-in mice.