Applications of mobile learning on college students' water leisure sports in the post-pandemic era.

This study explored the relationship and influence of college students' participation in water leisure sports, as well as the technology acceptance model (TAM). With the rapid development of the economy, the government is promoting various water leisure sports centered on the concept and policy of a maritime- and ocean-based nation. Based on the TAM, this study investigated the relationships among its ease of use, usefulness, water leisure involvement, benefits, barriers, and intentions to participate in water activities in connection with college students participating in water leisure sports.

Structural basis for corepressor assembly by the orphan nuclear receptor TLX.

The orphan nuclear receptor TLX regulates neural stem cell self-renewal in the adult brain and functions primarily as a transcription repressor through recruitment of Atrophin corepressors, which bind to TLX via a conserved peptide motif termed the Atro box. Here we report crystal structures of the human and insect TLX ligand-binding domain in complex with Atro box peptides. In these structures, TLX adopts an autorepressed conformation in which its helix H12 occupies the coactivator-binding groove.

The transcriptional corepressor SMRTER influences both Notch and ecdysone signaling during Drosophila development.

SMRTER (SMRT-related and ecdysone receptor interacting factor) is the Drosophila homologue of the vertebrate proteins SMRT and N-CoR, and forms with them a well-conserved family of transcriptional corepressors. Molecular characterization of SMRT-family proteins in cultured cells has implicated them in a wide range of transcriptional regulatory pathways. However, little is currently known about how this conserved class of transcriptional corepressors regulates the development of particular tissues via specific pathways.

Ataxin-1 and Brother of ataxin-1 are components of the Notch signalling pathway.

Ataxin-1 (ATXN1), a causative factor for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), and the related Brother of ATXN1 (BOAT1) are human proteins involved in transcriptional repression. So far, little is known about which transcriptional pathways mediate the effects of ATXN1 and BOAT1. From our analyses of the properties of BOAT1 in Drosophila and of both proteins in mammalian cells, we report here that BOAT1 and ATXN1 are components of the Notch signalling pathway.

A tale of tailless.

Drosophila Tailless(Tll) and its vertebrate homologue Tlx are conserved orphan nuclear receptors specifically expressed in the eye and the forebrain. Tll and Tlx act primarily as transcriptional repressors through their interactions with transcriptional corepressors, Atrophin family proteins, and histone-tail/chromatin-modifying factors such as lysine-specific histone demethylase 1 and histone deacetylases. The functional importance of Tll and Tlx is made apparent by the recent discovery that they are expressed in neural stem cells (NSCs) and are required for self-renewal of these cells in both Drosophila and the mouse.

A dynamic technique for the treatment of severe or recurrent blepharoptosis: frontalis-orbicularis oculi muscle flap shortening.

Background: Severe or recurrent blepharoptosis remains a great challenge to most plastic surgeons. A variety of techniques have been developed according to the function of the levator palpebrae superioris and frontalis muscles. In this study, the frontalis-orbicularis oculi (FOO) muscle flap is designed as an entity to treat severe or recurrent blepharoptosis with satisfactory results.

Atrophin proteins: an overview of a new class of nuclear receptor corepressors.

The normal development and physiological functions of multicellular organisms are regulated by complex gene transcriptional networks that include myriad transcription factors, their associating coregulators, and multiple chromatin-modifying factors. Aberrant gene transcriptional regulation resulting from mutations among these elements often leads to developmental defects and diseases. This review article concentrates on the Atrophin family proteins, including vertebrate Atrophin-1 (ATN1), vertebrate arginine-glutamic acid dipeptide repeats protein (RERE), and Drosophila Atrophin (Atro), which we recently identified as nuclear receptor corepressors.

Mutations in NR2E3 can cause dominant or recessive retinal degenerations in the same family.

NR2E3, a photoreceptor-specific nuclear receptor (PNR), represses cone-specific genes and activates several rod-specific genes. In humans, mutations in NR2E3 have been associated with the recessively-inherited enhanced short-wavelength sensitive S-cone syndrome (ESCS) and, recently, with autosomal dominant (ad) retinitis pigmentosa (RP) (adRP). In the present work, we describe two additional families affected by adRP that carry a heterozygous c.

Atrophin recruits HDAC1/2 and G9a to modify histone H3K9 and to determine cell fates.

Atrophin family proteins, including the vertebrate arginine-glutamic acid dipeptide repeats protein (RERE) and Drosophila Atrophin (Atro), constitute a new class of nuclear receptor corepressors. Both RERE and Atro share the ELM2 (EGL-27 and MTA1 homology 2) and SANT (SWI3/ADA2/N-CoR/TFIII-B) domains, which are also present in other important transcriptional cofactors. Here, we report that the SANT domain in RERE binds to the histone methyltransferase G9a, and that both the ELM2 and SANT domains orchestrate molecular events that lead to a stable methylation of histone H3-lysine 9.

The use of portable computer for information acquirement during anesthesiologist's ward round in acute pain service.

Background: The Acute Pain Service Information Management System (APSIMS), as we coined, is the utilization of a portable computer to register the data of the patients who need acute pain management during anesthesiologist's ward round. Initially, the data of the daily acute pain assessment at the ward are recorded on a sheet of paper by the rounding anesthesiologist, which are subsequently entered into the hospital main frame computer by an anesthetic nurse. In order to save manpower in data entry, we planned to introduce the personal digital assistant (PDA) into acute pain assessment.

The neurodegenerative disease protein ataxin-1 antagonizes the neuronal survival function of myocyte enhancer factor-2.

Ataxin-1 is a neurodegenerative disorder protein whose mutant form causes spinocerebellar ataxia type-1 (SCA1). Evidence suggests that ataxin-1 may function as a transcription repressor. However, neither the importance of this putative transcriptional repression activity in neural cytotoxicity nor the transcriptional targets of ataxin-1 are known.

Histone deacetylase-associating Atrophin proteins are nuclear receptor corepressors.

Drosophila Tailless (Tll) is an orphan nuclear receptor involved in embryonic segmentation and neurogenesis. Although Tll exerts potent transcriptional repressive effects, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been determined. Using the established regulation of knirps by tll as a paradigm, we report that repression of knirps by Tll involves Atrophin, which is related to vertebrate Atrophin-1 and Atrophin-2.

Boat, an AXH domain protein, suppresses the cytotoxicity of mutant ataxin-1.

Ataxin-1 is a neurodegenerative disorder protein whose glutamine-repeat expanded form causes spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) in humans and exerts cytotoxicity in Drosophila and mouse. We report here that the cytotoxicity caused by ataxin-1 is modulated by association with a related protein, Brother of ataxin-1 (Boat). Boat and ataxin-1 share a conserved AXH (ataxin-1 and HMG-box protein 1) domain, which is essential for both proteins' interactions with the transcriptional corepressor SMRT and its Drosophila homolog, SMRTER.

A new method using epidural catheters in the reconstruction of lacrimal drainage.

Lacrimal outflow obstruction after severance of the duct is a common problem in facial trauma. Conventional treatments include external dacryocystorhinostomy, endoscopic-assisted dacryocystorhinostomy, conjunctivorhinostomy, and a Jones tube bypass. However, the disadvantages of these methods are that the procedures are complicated and there is a high rate of recurrence.

Spectrophotometric determination of deacetylation degree of chitinous materials dissolved in phosphoric acid.

A simple spectrophotometric method is proposed for determining deacetylation degrees (DD) of chitinous materials using phosphoric acid as the UV-transparent solvent system. Calibrating by the extinction coefficients (A(210)) of D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, DD values (24-88%) were computed numerically. The results correlated well (R(2) = 0.

Nuclear receptor recruitment of histone-modifying enzymes to target gene promoters.

Nuclear receptors (NRs) compose one of the largest known families of eukaryotic transcription factors and, as such, serve as a paradigm for understanding the fundamental molecular mechanisms of eukaryotic transcriptional regulation. The packaging of eukaryotic genomic DNA into a higher ordered chromatin structure, which generally acts as a barrier to transcription by inhibiting transcription factor accessibility, has a major influence on the mechanisms by which NRs activate or repress gene expression. A major breakthrough in the field's understanding of these mechanisms comes from the recent identification of NR-associated coregulatory factors (i.

Ataxin 1, a SCA1 neurodegenerative disorder protein, is functionally linked to the silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors.

Ataxin 1 (Atx1) is a foci-forming polyglutamine protein of unknown function, whose mutant form causes type 1 spinocerebellar ataxia in humans and exerts neurotoxicity in transgenic mouse and fly expressing mutant Atx1. In this study, we demonstrate that Atx1 interacts with the transcriptional corepressor SMRT (silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors) and with histone deacetylase 3. Atx1 binds chromosomes and mediates transcriptional repression when tethered to DNA.

Ubiquitin-mediated sequestration of normal cellular proteins into polyglutamine aggregates.

A hallmark of most neurodegenerative diseases, including those caused by polyglutamine expansion, is the formation of ubiquitin (Ub)-positive protein aggregates in affected neurons. This finding suggests that the Ub system may be involved in common mechanisms underlying these otherwise unrelated diseases. Here we report the finding of ataxin-3 (Atx-3), whose mutation is implicated in the neurodegenerative disease spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, in a bioinformatics search of the human genome for components of the Ub system.

Total upper lip reconstruction with a free temporal scalp flap: long-term follow-up.

Background: In men, reconstruction of large full-thickness defects of the upper lip requires both an inner layer to replace the mucosal lining and an outer hair-bearing layer.

Methods: When locating the superficial temporal vessels, the design of the temporal flap is marked following the hairline needed. After meticulously dissecting the flap, it is inset and microanastomosed with the facial blood vessels.

Use of orbicularis oculi muscle flap for undercorrected blepharoptosis with previous levator muscle resection.

Based on the detailed anatomy, the orbicularis oculi muscle and the orbital septum are the continuation of the frontalis muscle and its fascia. Therefore, the shortened orbicularis oculi muscle and orbital septum would transmit the frontalis muscle action more effectively. The superior-based orbicularis oculi muscle and orbital septum flap, as a single flap, were advanced and attached to the tarsal plate for the correction of blepharoptosis.

Gross anatomy of primary varicose veins observed in endoscopic surgery.

The gross anatomy of varicose veins is one of the most important factors in the study of varicosity. Because of wide variations in the extent of involvement and degree of severity of varicose veins, it is difficult to obtain live and intact specimens of varicose veins. With good illumination and magnified monitor viewing, the varicositic main channel, its tributaries, and the incompetent perforating veins can be dissected and visualized clearly during endoscopic surgery.

Deep dissection plane for endoscopic-assisted comminuted malar fracture repair.

Endoscopic technique has been used in the management of comminuted malar fractures. However, the reported dissection plane is close to the frontal branch of the facial nerve, and paralysis of the frontal muscle is sometimes noted postoperatively. From January 1998 to November 2001, 42 patients underwent endoscopic-assisted zygomatic bone repair at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao Kang Hospital.

The simultaneous combination of implants and tram flaps for an aesthetically pleasing breast.

In Taiwan, there have quite often been incidences when patients have had more abundant abdominal tissue to make a TRAM flap with a volume larger than the contralateral breast. In these situations, we usually recommend performing contralateral augmentation mammoplasty with a saline implant while undergoing TRAM flap reconstruction. From February 1997 to Mar 2001, 250 breast cancer patients underwent immediate pedicled TRAM flap reconstructions at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital.

The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer in Taiwan: an endemic betel quid chewing area.

Background: Oropharyngeal cancer is the one of the most common cancers in the world. The purpose of this study was to examine the trends in oropharyngeal cancer from 1979 to 1996 in Taiwan.

Methods: Traditional cohort analysis was employed to show the birth-cohort effect of oropharyngeal cancer incidence.