High-dose dual therapy is superior to standard first-line or rescue therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection.

Background & Aims: The efficacy of treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection has decreased steadily because of increasing resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin. Resistance to amoxicillin is generally low, and high intragastric pH increases the efficacy of amoxicillin, so we investigated whether a combination of a high-dose proton pump inhibitor and amoxicillin (dual therapy) was more effective than standard first-line or rescue therapies in eradicating H pylori.

Methods: We performed a large-scale multihospital trial to compare the efficacy of a high-dose dual therapy (HDDT) with that of standard therapies in treatment-naive (n = 450) or treatment-experienced (n = 168) patients with H pylori infection.

Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: current status and future concepts.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is highly associated with the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric inflammation, peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid-tissue lymphoma. Although alternative therapies, including phytomedicines and probiotics, have been used to improve eradication, current treatment still relies on a combination of antimicrobial agents, such as amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin, and antisecretory agents, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

Facial palsy complicated by masked otomastoiditis in a 3-month-old infant.

Background: The most common cause of facial palsy is idiopathic or Bell's palsy. Although uncommon in the postantibiotic era, otomastoiditis should receive more attention as a cause of facial palsy, especially in young children. Delay of identification and treatment may result in permanent neurological sequelae.

Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage associated with scrotal hematoma: an unusual case report and literature review.

Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage (NAH) is rare and is found in only 0.2% of newborns. Scrotal hematoma (SH) in newborns is also rare.

Erythema migrans mimicking cervical cellulitis with deep neck infection in a child with Lyme disease.

In the early stage of Lyme disease, atypical lesions of erythema migrans rash can develop and extend over the neck region, mimicking cervical cellulitis with deep neck infection. Here, we report a 9-year-old Taiwanese boy with a recent history of exposure to deer during his visit to Nanto County in central Taiwan. Cervical cellulitis with lymphadenitis was initially diagnosed.