Reactivation of Graves' Disease and Thyroid Eye Disease following COVID-19 Vaccination - A Case Report.

A 51-year-old male had a history of well-controlled Graves' disease (GD) under regular follow-up, and thyroid eye disease (TED) with post bilateral orbital decompression. However, after COVID-19 vaccination, recrudescence of GD and moderate-to-severe TED were diagnosed by increased thyroxine levels and decreased thyrotropin levels in serum, and positive results of thyrotropin receptor antibody and thyroid peroxidase antibody. Weekly intravenous methylprednisolone was prescribed.

Supportive Care and Unmet Needs in Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients: Screening and Related Factors.

Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer treatment can cause physical and psychological distress and may result in unmet needs. The purposes of this study were to (1) examine the levels of gastrointestinal (GI) symptom distress, social support, and supportive care needs; (2) screen the priorities of unmet supportive care needs; and (3) identify the factors associated with supportive care needs among UGI cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. This cross-sectional study examined UGI cancer patients who received treatment from the outpatient chemotherapy department of a single cancer center in northern Taiwan.

Age-related immune clearance of hepatitis B virus infection requires the establishment of gut microbiota.

A unique feature of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in humans is that viral clearance heavily depends on the age of exposure. However, the reason for this remains unclear. Here we show that gut microbiota contribute to the age dependence of HBV immunity in a hydrodynamic transfection mouse model.

New insights into the evolutionary rate of hepatitis B virus at different biological scales.

Unlabelled: The evolutionary rates of hepatitis B virus (HBV) estimated using contemporary sequences are 10(2) to 10(4) times higher than those derived from archaeological and genetic evidence. This discrepancy makes the origin of HBV and the time scale of its spread, both of which are critical for studying the burden of HBV pathogenicity, largely unresolved. To evaluate whether the dual demands (i.