Utilization of Optical OFDM Modulation on Blue LED VLC Datacom Without Equalization for 4 m Wireless Link.

To achieve higher visible light communication (VLC) traffic capacity, using the wide bandwidth light-emitting diode (LED) and spectral efficiency modulation signal, is currently the most commonly used method. In this demonstration, we apply the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing quadrature amplitude modulation (OFDM-QAM) with bit- and power-loading algorithm on single blue LED to achieve >1 Gbit/s VLC capacity, when a 400 MHz bandwidth avalanche photodiode (APD)-based receiver (Rx) is exploited for decoding. Here, the higher sensitivity APD can be applied to compensate for the wireless VLC link length in the proposed LED VLC system, and due to the lower LED illumination (255 to 40 lux), is used for the indoor access network after passing the wireless link length of 1 to 4 m.

Examining the practical importance of nonstationary cardio-respiratory coupling detection in breathing training: a methodological appraisal.

This study investigates changes in cardiorespiratory coupling during clinic breathing training and its impact on autonomic nervous functioning compared with heart rate variability (HRV). A total of 39 subjects undergoing dynamic electrocardiogram-recorded breathing training were analyzed. Subjects were divided into early- and late-training periods, and further categorized based on changes in HRV indexes.

A novel nonlinear bispectrum analysis for dynamical complex oscillations.

Unlabelled: In this study, we proposed a novel set of bispectrum in constructing both frequency power and complexity spectrum. The uniform phase empirical mode decomposition (UPEMD) was implemented to obtain nonlinear extraction while guaranteeing explicit frequencies. Lepel-Ziv complexity (LZC) and frequency power per mode were used for comprehensive frequency spectra.

Benefits From Different Modes of Slow and Deep Breathing on Vagal Modulation.

Slow and deep breathing (SDB) is a relaxation technique that can increase vagal activity. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) serves as an index of vagal function usually quantified by the high-frequency power of heart rate variability (HRV). However, the low breathing rate during SDB results in deviations when estimating RSA by HRV.

The HTLV-I oncoprotein Tax inactivates the tumor suppressor FBXW7.

Unlabelled: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-I) is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). Mutational analysis has demonstrated that the tumor suppressor, F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7 (FBXW7/FBW7/CDC4), is mutated in primary ATL patients. However, even in the absence of genetic mutations, FBXW7 substrates are stabilized in ATL cells, suggesting additional mechanisms can prevent FBXW7 functions.

Auditory cues modulate the short timescale dynamics of STN activity during stepping in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Gait impairment has a major impact on quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). It is believed that basal ganglia oscillatory activity at β frequencies (15-30 Hz) may contribute to gait impairment, but the precise dynamics of this oscillatory activity during gait remain unclear. Additionally, auditory cues are known to lead to improvements in gait kinematics in PD.

A pilot study on a patient with refractory headache: Personalized deep brain stimulation through stereoelectroencephalography.

The integration of stereoelectroencephalography with therapeutic deep brain stimulation (DBS) holds immense promise as a viable approach for precise treatment of refractory disorders, yet it has not been explored in the domain of headache or pain management. Here, we implanted 14 electrodes in a patient with refractory migraine and integrated clinical assessment and electrophysiological data to investigate personalized targets for refractory headache treatment. Using statistical analyses and cross-validated machine-learning models, we identified high-frequency oscillations in the right nucleus accumbens as a critical headache-related biomarker.

Quantifying Sharpness and Nonlinearity in Neonatal Seizure Dynamics.

The integration of multiple electrophysiological biomarkers is crucial for monitoring neonatal seizure dynamics. The present study aimed to characterize the temporal dynamics of neonatal seizures by analyzing intrinsic waveforms of epileptic electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. We proposed a complementary set of methods considering envelope power, focal sharpness changes, and nonlinear patterns of EEG signals of 79 neonates with seizures.

A novel dynamic cardiorespiratory coupling quantification method reveals the effect of aging on the autonomic nervous system.

Traditional cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) based on the Fourier transform shares an inherent trade-off between temporal and frequency resolutions with fixed window designs. Therefore, a cross-wavelet cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) method was developed to highlight interwave cardiorespiratory dynamics and applied to evaluate the age effect on the autonomic regulation of cardiorespiratory function. The cross-wavelet CRC visualization successfully reflected dynamic alignments between R-wave interval signal (RR intervals) and respiration.

Spatiotemporal convolution sleep network based on graph attention mechanism with automatic feature extraction.

Background And Objective: Graph neural networks (GNNs) are widely used for automatic sleep staging. However, the majority of GNNs are based on spectral approaches, as far as we know, which heavily depend on the Laplacian eigenbasis determined by the graph structure with a large computing cost.

Methods: We introduced a non-spectral approach named graph attention networks v2 (GATv2) as the core of our network to extract spatial information (S-GATv2 in our work), which is more flexible and intuitive than the routined spectral method.

A Novel Sleep Staging Method Based on EEG and ECG Multimodal Features Combination.

Accurate sleep staging evaluates the quality of sleep, supporting the clinical diagnosis and intervention of sleep disorders and related diseases. Although previous attempts to classify sleep stages have achieved high classification performance, little attention has been paid to integrating the rich information in brain and heart dynamics during sleep for sleep staging. In this study, we propose a generalized EEG and ECG multimodal feature combination to classify sleep stages with high efficiency and accuracy.

Flexible Data Rate Allocation Using Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) in a Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) Optical Power Splitter for System-on-Chip Networks.

We put forward and demonstrate a silicon photonics (SiPh)-based mode division multiplexed (MDM) optical power splitter that supports transverse-electric (TE) single-mode, dual-mode, and triple-mode (i.e., TE, TE, and TE).

Unmanned-aerial-vehicle based optical camera communication system using light-diffusing fiber and rolling-shutter image-sensor.

We put forward and demonstrate a light-diffusing fiber equipped unmanned-aerial-vehicle (UAV) to provide a large field-of-view (FOV) optical camera communication (OCC) system. The light-diffusing fiber can act as a bendable, lightweight, extended and large FOV light source for the UAV-assisted optical wireless communication (OWC). During UAV flying, the light-diffusing fiber light source could be tilted or bended; hence, offering large FOV as well as supporting large receiver (Rx) tilting angle are particularly important for the UAV-assisted OWC systems.

Cross-Frequency Coupling and Intelligent Neuromodulation.

Cross-frequency coupling (CFC) reflects (nonlinear) interactions between signals of different frequencies. Evidence from both patient and healthy participant studies suggests that CFC plays an essential role in neuronal computation, interregional interaction, and disease pathophysiology. The present review discusses methodological advances and challenges in the computation of CFC with particular emphasis on potential solutions to spurious coupling, inferring intrinsic rhythms in a targeted frequency band, and causal interferences.

Variational Phase-Amplitude Coupling Characterizes Signatures of Anterior Cortex under Emotional Processing.

Emotion, an essential aspect in inferring human psychological states, is featured by entangled oscillators operating at multiple frequencies and montages. However, the dynamics of mutual interactions among rhythmic activities in EEGs under various emotional expressions are unclear. To this end, a novel method named variational phase-amplitude coupling is proposed to quantify the rhythmic nesting structure in EEGs under emotional processing.

A novel measure of cardiopulmonary coupling during sleep based on the synchrosqueezing transform algorithm.

Objective: This paper presents a novel method to quantify cardiopulmonary dynamics for automatic sleep apnea detection by integrating the synchrosqueezing transform (SST) algorithm with the standard cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) method.

Methods: Simulated data were designed to validate the reliability of the proposed method, with varying levels of signal bandwidth and noise contamination. Real data were collected from the Physionet sleep apnea database, consisting of 70 single-lead ECGs with expert-labeled apnea annotations on a minute-by-minute basis.

Design Consideration, Numerical and Experimental Analyses of Mode-Division-Multiplexed (MDM) Silicon Photonics Integrated Circuit with Sharp Bends.

Due to the popularity of different high bandwidth applications, it is becoming increasingly difficult to satisfy the huge data capacity requirements, since the traditional electrical interconnects suffer significantly from limited bandwidth and huge power consumption. Silicon photonics (SiPh) is one of the important technologies for increasing interconnect capacity and decreasing power consumption. Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) allows signals to be transmitted simultaneously, at different modes, in a single waveguide.

Wideband and Channel Switchable Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) Optical Power Divider Supporting 7.682 Tbit/s for On-Chip Optical Interconnects.

Silicon photonics (SiPh) are considered a promising technology for increasing interconnect speed and capacity while decreasing power consumption. Mode division multiplexing (MDM) enables signals to be transmitted in different orthogonal modes in a single waveguide core. Wideband MDM components simultaneously supporting wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) can significantly increase the transmission capacity for optical interconnects.

3D Visible Light-Based Indoor Positioning System Using Two-Stage Neural Network (TSNN) and Received Intensity Selective Enhancement (RISE) to Alleviate Light Non-Overlap Zones.

The high precision three-dimensional (3D) visible light-based indoor positioning (VLIP) systems have gained much attention recently for people or robot navigation, access tracking, etc. In this work, we put forward and present the first demonstration, up to the authors' knowledge, of a 3D VLIP system utilizing a two-stage neural network (TSNN) model. The positioning performance would degrade when the distance between the light emitting diode (LED) plane and the receiver (Rx) plane increases; however, because of the finite LED field-of-view (FOV), light non-overlap zones are created.

Optical Beam Steerable Visible Light Communication (VLC) System Supporting Multiple Users Using RGB and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA).

In order to achieve high-capacity visible light communication (VLC), five dimensions in physics, including frequency, time, quadrature modulation, space, and polarization can be utilized. Orthogonality should be maintained in order to reduce the crosstalk among different dimensions. In this work, we illustrate a high-capacity 21.

Brain Complexity Predicts Response to Adrenocorticotropic Hormone in Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) is an age-specific and severe epileptic encephalopathy. Although adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is currently considered the preferred first-line treatment, it is not always effective and may cause side effects. Therefore, seeking a reliable biomarker to predict the treatment response could benefit clinicians in modifying treatment options.

Using lighting design tool to simplify the visible light positioning plan and reduce the deep learning loading.

We put forward and transform the commercially available lighting design software into an indoor visible light positioning (VLP) design tool. The proposed scheme can work well with different deep learning methods for reducing the loading of training data set collection. The indoor VLP models under evaluation include second order regression, fully-connected neural-network (FC-NN), and convolutional neural-network (CNN).

2.805 Gbit/s high-bandwidth phosphor white light visible light communication utilizing an InGaN/GaN semipolar blue micro-LED.

We propose and implement a high-bandwidth white-light visible light communication (VLC) system accomplishing data rate of 2.805 Gbit/s utilizing a semipolar blue micro-LED. The system uses an InGaN/GaN semipolar (20-21) blue micro-LED to excite yellow phosphor film for high-speed VLC.