Accelerated risk of renal disease progression in pre-ESRD patients with proton pump inhibitors use: a nationwide population-based study.

Background: Although Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were mostly prescribed for gastrointestinal (GI) disease widely, there were numerous studies about PPIs and adverse renal outcome. Most evidence was to evaluate the risk of PPIs in patients with normal renal function and in the absence of the moderate to advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study focuses on the accelerated progression of renal function following proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) use, and the increased risks of acute kidney injury (AKI) among moderate to advanced CKD (pre-ESRD) patients.

Association Between Risk of Clostridium difficile Infection and Duration of Proton Pump Inhibitor or H2-Receptor Antagonist Use in Hospitalized Patients.

Introduction: Limited studies have evaluated the association between Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and the duration of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or histamine H2-receptor blocker (H2RA) use and provided a cutoff duration for PPI or H2RA use to mitigate a substantially increased risk of CDI. We aimed to evaluate these associations in hospitalized patients using a nationwide insurance claims database.

Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study to identify cases with a first ever record of CDI in a study cohort undergoing PPI or H2RA therapy from the National Health Insurance Database from 2012 to 2018.

Use of spatial panel-data models to investigate factors related to incidence of end-stage renal disease: a nationwide longitudinal study in Taiwan.

Background: The assumptions of conventional spatial models cannot estimate the responses across space and over time. Here we propose new spatial panel data models to investigate the association between the risk factors and incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Methods: A longitudinal (panel data) study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Database in Taiwan.