Correlation Between mRNA Expression of Activated Eosinophils and Air Pollutant Exposure in Patients With Asthma.

Background: Eosinophil activation is associated with asthma. Whether air pollution affects the activation of blood eosinophils in patients with asthma remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the correlation between transcriptional activity in eosinophils and air pollutant exposure in patients receiving different levels of Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) treatment.

Association of smoking status with non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor mutation.

Introduction: Uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations include single and complex mutations. However, the association of the smoking status of patients with uncommon and complex mutations remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluates the spectrum of uncommon mutations and investigates the influence of smoking status on the frequency of various uncommon mutations using a multi-institutional medical database.

Overall Survival Improvement in Patients with Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Bone Metastasis Treated with Denosumab.

The impact of an initial skeletal-related event (SRE) and denosumab adjuvant treatment on the survival outcome of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with bone metastasis remains unclear. This retrospective study included 400 metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients. Among 190 bone metastasis patients, 61 had initial SREs and 73 received denosumab.

A Single-Institute Experience with C-ros Oncogene 1 Translocation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers in Taiwan.

(1) Background: The C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) gene translocation is an important biomarker for selecting patients for crizotinib-targeted therapy. The aim of this study was to understand the incidence, diagnostic algorithm, clinical course and objective response to crizotinib in ROS1 translocated lung non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) in Taiwan. (2) Methods: First, we retrospectively studied the ROS1 status in 100 NSCLC samples using break-apart fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to establish a diagnostic algorithm.

Afatinib treatment in a large real-world cohort of nonsmall cell lung cancer patients with common and uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor mutation.

The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) afatinib improves survival in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutation. We analysed the outcome between EGFR mutation subtypes in a large afatinib-treated cohort in which 516 EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients receiving afatinib as front-line treatment. EGFR uncommon mutations include exon 20 insertion, de novo T790M of high or low allele frequency (dT790M /dT790M ), non-T790M compound mutation and others, where EGFR exon 20 insertion and dT790M were defined as type-I and the rest as type-II uncommon mutation.

A retrospective study of alectinib versus ceritinib in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer of anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion in whom crizotinib treatment failed.

Background: Crizotinib is the approved treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion. Failure of crizotinib treatment frequently involves drug intolerance or resistance. Comparison of using second-generation ALK inhibitors in this setting remains lacking.

Trajectory of smoking behaviour during the first 6 months after diagnosis of lung cancer: A study from Taiwan.

Aims: To identify different classes of change pattern/ trajectory of tobacco smoking behaviour after diagnosis of lung cancer using multi-wave data and to explore factors associated with the class membership.

Design: This is a multi-wave observational study.

Methods: Smoking behaviour data were collected at diagnosis and then every month for 6 months from 133 newly diagnosed people with lung cancer who had recently quit smoking or continued to smoke at diagnosis.

An Observational Study of Acquired T790M-Dependent Resistance to EGFR-TKI Treatment in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients in Taiwan.

In Taiwan, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib are served as first-line therapy for non-small lung cell cancer (NSCLC) patients with sensitizing mutations. However, the majority of patients who initially respond to EGFR-TKIs, progress through acquiring T790M mutations (T790M), which is the most common resistant mechanism. Patients with T790M gain the opportunity of subsequent treatment with third-generation EGFR-TKI, osimertinib.

Targeted Sequencing of Circulating Cell Free DNA Can Be Used to Monitor Therapeutic Efficacy of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

Background/aim: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) bears specific mutations derived from tumor cells. The amount of mutant ctDNA may reflect tumor burden. In this study, we detected epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in ctDNA as a monitoring marker for the response of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

Consolidation treatment of durvalumab after chemoradiation in real-world patients with stage III unresectable non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Treatment for stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of unresectable disease mainly involves concurrent chemoradiation (CRT). Post-CRT consolidation treatment with durvalumab is a major therapeutic advance that provides survival benefit in this group of patients. However, the performance of this treatment strategy remains to be studied in a real-world setting.

Front-line treatment of ceritinib improves efficacy over crizotinib for Asian patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion NSCLC: The role of systemic progression control.

Background: Approximately 3%-5% of lung adenocarcinoma is driven by anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion oncogene, whose activity can be suppressed by multiple ALK inhibitors. Crizotinib and ceritinib have demonstrated superior efficacy to platinum-based chemotherapy as front-line treatment for patients with ALK-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the direct comparison between them in the front-line setting remains lacking.

A Correlational Study of Skin Toxicity and Quality of Life in Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer Receiving Targeted Therapy.

Background: Oral targeted therapy is increasingly used worldwide to treat patients with advanced lung cancer. The adverse skin toxicity that is associated with treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors often results in acneiform rash, dry skin (xerosis), pruritus, and paronychia, which may cause discomfort in patients and affect their quality of life.

Purpose: This study was designed to explore changes in skin toxicity and quality of life (measured overall by three subscales) as well as the correlation between skin toxicity and overall quality of life over a 3-month period for patients with advanced lung cancer receiving oral targeted therapy.

Prior EGFR-TKI Treatment in EGFR-Mutated NSCLC Affects the Allele Frequency Fraction of Acquired T790M and the Subsequent Efficacy of Osimertinib.

Background: The first (1G) and second (2G) generations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) show differential inhibitory capacities towards EGFR T790M-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.

Objective: To assess the ratio of the allele fractions of T790M (AF) to EGFR-activating mutations (AF) in patients treated with 1G and 2G EGFR TKIs who acquired T790M-mediated resistance and to determine the relationship between AF and the later efficacy of osimertinib.

Patients And Methods: The efficacy of osimertinib was reviewed for 54 T790M-positive EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients grouped by the generation of prior EGFR TKI use (1G vs.

Prognostic Value and Clinical Impact of Pretreatment FDG PET in Pulmonary Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma.

Purpose: Compared with other forms of non-small cell lung cancer, pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is rarer and portends better outcomes. We sought to investigate the prognostic role and clinical impact of pretreatment F-FDG PET in pulmonary LELC.

Methods: A total of 71 patients with pulmonary LELC were identified through a retrospective review of clinical records.

Prognostic impact of combining whole-body PET/CT and brain PET/MR in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and brain metastases.

Purpose: The role of brain FDG-PET in patients with lung cancer and brain metastases remains unclear. Here, we sought to determine the prognostic significance of whole-body PET/CT plus brain PET/MR in predicting the time to neurological progression (nTTP) and overall survival (OS) in this patient group.

Methods: Of 802 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent primary staging by a single-day protocol of whole-body PET/CT plus brain PET/MR, 72 cases with adenocarcinoma and brain metastases were enrolled for a prognostic analysis of OS.

Smoking Status Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Lung Cancer in Taiwan.

Background: Continued smoking after receiving a diagnosis of cancer seriously affects disease prognosis and survival. The prevalence and risk factors of continued smoking among patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer are unknown in Taiwan.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to assess the smoking status of patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer and to identify the characteristics that are associated with different smoking statuses.

Impact of prolonged and early bevacizumab treatment on the overall survival of EGFR-mutant and EGFR-wild type nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: VEGF plays a key role in tumor angiogenesis and immunosuppression. VEGF-blocking has proven beneficial for EGFR mutant and wild-type nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (nonsq-NSCLC); however, the number of cycles and treatment line yielding the optimal benefit are unknown.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 115 patients with advanced/metastatic nonsq-NSCLC administered at least one cycle of bevacizumab.

Feasibility of transumbilical anatomic "Lung" segmentectomy in a canine model.

Background: Transumbilical approach has been shown to be feasible to perform lung wedge resection and anatomic lobectomy. This study uses a canine model to assess the feasibility of transumbilical segmentectomy.

Methods: Transumbilical segmentectomy was performed in 10 beagle dogs using a 3-cm umbilical incision combined with a 2.

Correction: S100A9+ MDSC and TAM-mediated EGFR-TKI resistance in lung adenocarcinoma: the role of RELB.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24146.

S100A9 MDSC and TAM-mediated EGFR-TKI resistance in lung adenocarcinoma: the role of .

Background: Monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), particularly the S100A9+ subset, has been shown initial clinical relevance. However, its role in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma, especially to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) is not clear. In a clinical setting of EGFR mutated lung adenocarcinoma, a role of the MDSC apart from T cell suppression was also investigated.

Unique Immune Gene Expression Patterns in Bronchoalveolar Lavage and Tumor Adjacent Non-Neoplastic Lung Tissue in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: The immune cells in the local environments surrounding non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) implicate the balance of pro- and antitumor immunity; however, their transcriptomic profiles remain poorly understood.

Methods: A transcriptomic microarray study of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells harvested from tumor-bearing lung segments was performed in a discovery group. The findings were validated (1) in published microarray datasets, (2) in an independent group by RT-qPCR, and (3) in non-diseased and tumor adjacent non-neoplastic lung tissue by immunohistochemistry and in BAL cell lysates by immunoblotting.