Flavonoids and phenylethanoids from the flowers and leaves of Aeschynanthus species and cultivars (Gesneriaceae).

Forty-one flavones, each one of flavonol, chalcone and dihydroflavonol, two flavanones, and four phenylethanoids were isolated from corollas, calyces and leaves of two Aeschynanthus species, A. fulgens and A. pulcher, and six cultivars, 'Mahligai', 'Mona Lisa', SoeKa', 'Redona', 'Freshya' and 'Bravera'.

Acylated pelargonidin and cyanidin 3-sambubiosides from the flowers of Aeschynanthus species and cultivars.

Thirteen anthocyanins were isolated from the flowers of two Aeschynanthus species, A. fulgens and A. pulcher, and six cultivars, 'Mahligai', 'Mona Lisa', 'SoeKa', 'Redona', 'Freshya' and 'Bravera', and identified as pelargonidin and cyanidin 3-O-sambubiosides and their malonates, succinates, p-coumarates and caffeates, and pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside by acid hydrolysis, HR-MS and NMR.

Identification of anthocyanin and other flavonoids from the green-blue petals of Puya alpestris (Bromeliaceae) and a clarification of their coloration mechanism.

To understand the unique green-blue color of Puya alpestris (Bromeliaceae) flowers, we investigated their constituent anthocyanin and related compounds. An anthocyanin, two undescribed flavonols, and two flavones were isolated and identified as delphinidin 3,3',5'-tri-O-β-glucopyranoside, myricetin 3-O-[α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-glucopyranoside]-3',5'-di-O-β-glucopyranoside, myricetin 3,3',5'-tri-O-β-glucopyranoside, luteolin 4'-O-glucoside, and apigenin 4'-O-glucoside. Furthermore, the presence of chlorophyll has also been revealed.

SH3P2 is an ubiquitin-binding protein that functions together with ESCRT-I and the deubiquitylating enzyme AMSH3.

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins is an essential regulatory process that controls plasma membrane protein abundance and is therefore important for many signaling pathways, such as hormone signaling and biotic and abiotic stress responses. On endosomal sorting, plasma membrane proteins maybe recycled or targeted for vacuolar degradation, which is dependent on ubiquitin modification of the cargos and is driven by the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs). Components of the ESCRT machinery are highly conserved among eukaryotes, but homologs of ESCRT-0 that are responsible for recognition and concentration of ubiquitylated proteins are absent in plants.

The deubiquitinating enzyme AMSH1 and the ESCRT-III subunit VPS2.1 are required for autophagic degradation in Arabidopsis.

In eukaryotes, posttranslational modification by ubiquitin regulates the activity and stability of many proteins and thus influences a variety of developmental processes as well as environmental responses. Ubiquitination also plays a critical role in intracellular trafficking by serving as a signal for endocytosis. We have previously shown that the Arabidopsis thaliana associated molecule with the SH3 domain of STAM3 (AMSH3) is a deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) that interacts with endosomal complex required for transport-III (ESCRT-III) and is essential for intracellular transport and vacuole biogenesis.

Transmission ratio distortion of molecular markers in a doubled haploid population originated from a natural hybrid between Osmunda japonica and O. lancea.

In ferns, intra-gametophytic selfing occurs as a mode of reproduction where two gametes from the same gametophyte form a completely homozygous sporophyte. Intra-gametophytic selfing is considered to be prevented by lethal or deleterious recessive genes in several diploid species. In order to investigate the modes and tempo of selection acting different developmental stages, doubled haploids obtained from intra-gametophytic selfing within isolated gametophytes of a putative F1 hybrid between Osmunda japonica and O.

Fertility and precocity of Osmunda x intermedia offspring in culture.

The feasibility of later-generation hybrid production in ferns has not been previously studied, although it is a significant factor in relation to reproductive isolation. Osmunda x intermedia, a hybrid between O. japonica and O.

Genetic population structure of Osmunda japonica, rheophilous Osmunda lancea and their hybrids.

Rheophilous Osmunda lancea often hybridizes with a dryland ally, Osmunda japonica, to produce O. x intermedia, forming zonation in riverbanks and the adjacent dryland along flooding frequency clines. This study examined the genetic structure of populations consisting of O.

Phylogeny and comparative seed morphology of epiphytic and terrestrial species of Liparis (Orchidaceae) in Japan.

To elucidate the evolution of epiphytes in Liparis section Liparis, we examined the phylogenetic relationships of 16 species by using internal transcribed spacer regions of 18S-26S nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) and three chloroplast DNA regions (trnS-trnG spacer, trnL with trnL-trnF spacer, and partial matK). Results showed that the epiphytic L. fujisanensis is sister to the terrestrial L.