Unveiling phytochemical diversity and safety profile of hot water extract from Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit.

Background: Tetrapleura tetraptera, a widely used medicinal plant in West Africa, has been traditionally employed for various ailments. Despite its folkloric significance, scientific validation of its safety and potential neuroactive properties remains limited.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the acute and subchronic toxicity of Tetrapleura tetraptera hot water extract (HWETTF) in rats and to elucidate its phytochemical composition.

Towards a natural treatment for mania: red onion husk extract modulates neuronal resilience, redox signalling, and glial activation.

Background: Red onion husk, a readily available agricultural waste material, contains diverse bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. This study aimed to assess the safety and therapeutic potential of red onion husk extract in managing manic-like symptoms and associated neurochemical dysfunctions.

Methods: Acute and repeated oral dose studies were conducted in mice and rats to evaluate the safety profile of the extract.

Behavioural and biochemical indications of the antidepressant activities of essential oils from (Gaertn) seed and (Dunal) fruit in rats.

and are two underutilised spices that are hypothesized to be important in the management and treatment of certain stress-induced diseases such as depression. The present study was designed to test the anti-depressant effects of the essential oils of (EOMM) and (EOXA) and the possible underlying mechanisms in a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) - induced depression in the rat. Forty-two male Wistar rats were assigned to seven groups (n = 6); group I received corn oil (p.