Thraatchathi Chooranam, protects cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress.

Thraatchathi Chooranam (TC), is a polyphenol-rich Indian traditional medicine. Present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of TC against H2O2 induced oxidative stress and apoptotic damage in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Cell viability assay indicated relative safety (IC50= 488.

Laparoscopic vs open hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis of the long-term survival outcomes.

Background: In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis, laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) confers short-term benefits over open hepatectomy (OH) but the long-term outcomes of this procedure are unclear. This systematic review aims to compare the long-term survival outcomes of LH and OH for patients with HCC and underlying cirrhosis.

Methods: EMBASE, MEDLINE and Scopus databases were searched from date of inception to 7th October 2016.

Impact of Operating Room Environment on Postoperative Central Nervous System Infection in a Resource-Limited Neurosurgical Center in South Asia.

Background: Postoperative central nervous system infections (PCNSIs) are serious complications following neurosurgical intervention. We previously investigated the incidence and causative pathogens of PCNSIs at a resource-limited, neurosurgical center in south Asia. This follow-up study was conducted to analyze differences in PCNSIs at the same institution following only one apparent change: the operating room air filtration system.

Asiatic acid nullified aluminium toxicity in in vitro model of Alzheimer's disease.

Aluminium (Al) is a ubiquitously distributed environmental toxicant that lacks biological functions; however, its accumulation in the brain has been demonstrated to be linked to several neuropathological conditions particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD). Asiatic acid (AA), a triterpene extracted from , has been reported to cross the blood brain barrier and also displayed antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. The present study was aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect of AA against aluminium maltolate Al(mal)) induced neurotoxicity by assessing cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA damage and apoptosis (Hoechst and dual staining, comet assay; expressions of pro-apoptotic, anti-apoptotic and signaling indices) via AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway in SH-SY 5Y  neuroblastoma cells.

PIWI-like protein, HIWI2 is aberrantly expressed in retinoblastoma cells and affects cell-cycle potentially through OTX2.

Retinoblastoma (RB), a childhood cancer, is caused by biallelic mutation of the gene, but its development is not clearly understood. Furthermore, the presence of a cancer stem cell subpopulation in RB might impact its treatment. PIWI protein, known for its role in stem cell self-renewal, is aberrantly expressed in cancers.

A meta-analysis of the efficacy of whole-body computed tomography imaging in the management of trauma and injury.

Background: Traumatic injury is the third leading cause of death overall. To optimize the outcomes in these patients, hospitals employ whole-body computed tomography (WBCT) imaging due to the high diagnostic yield and potential to identify missed injuries. However, this delays time-critical interventions.

Clinical and genetic analysis of Indian patients with NDP-related retinopathies.

Purpose: NDP-related retinopathies are a group of X-linked disorders characterized by degenerative and proliferative changes of the neuroretina, occasionally accompanied with varying degrees of mental retardation and sensorineural hearing loss. NDP is the predominant gene associated with NDP-related retinopathies. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical and genetic findings in three unrelated patients diagnosed with NDP-related retinopathies.

Genetic studies in a patient with X-linked retinoschisis coexisting with developmental delay and sensorineural hearing loss.

Background: In this study, we present a juvenile retinoschisis patient with developmental delay, sensorineural hearing loss, and reduced axial tone. X-linked juvenile retinoschisis (XLRS) is a retinal dystrophy, most often not associated with systemic anomalies and also not showing any locus heterogeneity. Therefore it was of interest to understand the genetic basis of the condition in this patient.

Dengue fever with compartment syndrome of the right arm.

A 44-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with dengue fever. She developed a haematoma in the right arm at the site of a previous arterial line insertion. Due to coexisting thrombocytopenia, the bleeding was severe enough to cause compartment syndrome.

Subclinical developmental dysplasia of the hip could predispose to femoroacetabular impingement.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) are separate causes of premature osteoarthritis. There is a paucity of literature describing potential ways in which an individual can be predisposed to FAI. This hypothesis aims to outline how subclinical DDH may predispose a patient to FAI.

Cytotoxic potentials of biologically fabricated platinum nanoparticles from on MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Biosynthesis of novel therapeutic nano-scale materials for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications has been enormously developed, since last decade. Herein, the authors report an ecological way of synthesising the platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) using sp. for the first time The produced PtNPs exhibited the face centred cubic system.

Proteomic profiling of human intraschisis cavity fluid.

Background: X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) is a vitreoretinal degenerative disorder causing vision deterioration, due to structural defects in retina. The hallmark of this disease includes radial streaks arising from the fovea and splitting of inner retinal layers (schisis). Although these retinal changes are attributed to mutations in the retinoschisin gene, schisis is also observed in patients who do not carry mutations.

Simultaneous blockade of NMDA receptors and PARP-1 activity synergistically alleviate immunoexcitotoxicity and bioenergetics in 3-nitropropionic acid intoxicated mice: Evidences from memantine and 3-aminobenzamide interventions.

Interlink between excitotoxicity and cellular bioenergetics depletion is implicated as one of the central deteriorative pathways in many neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington's disease (HD). Chronic administration of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) depletes ATP and NAD and increases TNFα, IL-6 and glutamate content resulting in "immunoexcitotoxicity". Present study was designed to determine whether the combination of memantine (MN) and 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), PARP inhibitor, can ameliorate immunoexcitotoxicity and improve bioenergetics in a better manner than individual administration against 3-NP intoxication in mice.

Complex regional pain syndrome: a recent update.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating condition affecting the limbs that can be induced by surgery or trauma. This condition can complicate recovery and impair one's functional and psychological well-being. The wide variety of terminology loosely used to describe CRPS in the past has led to misdiagnosis of this condition, resulting in poor evidence-base regarding the treatment modalities available and their impact.

Possible role of HIWI2 in modulating tight junction proteins in retinal pigment epithelial cells through Akt signaling pathway.

PIWI subfamily of proteins is shown to be primarily expressed in germline cells. They maintain the genomic integrity by silencing the transposable elements. Although the role of PIWI proteins in germ cells has been documented, their presence and function in somatic cells remains unclear.

Corrosion resistance of stainless steel, nickel-titanium, titanium molybdenum alloy, and ion-implanted titanium molybdenum alloy archwires in acidic fluoride-containing artificial saliva: An study.

Objective: (1) To evaluate the corrosion resistance of four different orthodontic archwires and to determine the effect of 0.5% NaF (simulating high fluoride-containing toothpaste of about 2250 ppm) on corrosion resistance of these archwires. (2) To assess whether surface roughness (Ra) is the primary factor influencing the corrosion resistance of these archwires.

Bilateral spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection managed with endovascular stenting - A case report.

Carotid artery dissection (CAD) is a frequent cause of stroke, accounting for up to 25% of all ischemic strokes in young and middle-aged patients. It may be traumatic or spontaneous, with multi-factorial etiology. A tear in the arterial wall causes intrusion of blood within its layers, producing intra-luminal stenosis, or aneurysmal dilatation.