Occipital Condyle Syndrome Caused by Isolated Bone Metastases from Thyroid Cancer.

Occipital condyle syndrome is a rare cause of pain in the head which is characterized by severe and persistent unilateral suboccipital headache with unilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy. We report an elderly female who presented with dysarthria and suboccipital headache. On further evaluation, she was found to have a solitary bone metastases from thyroid cancer.

A Rare Case of Thyrolipomatosis Presenting with Latent Hyperthyroidism.

Goiter and hyperthyroidism are fairly common problems in the Indian population. We present a 49-year-old female who presented with thyroid swelling and suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone. On evaluation, she was having latent hyperthyroidism with diffuse and soft thyroid swelling.

Decisive Role of Nuclear Imaging in a Rare Pancreatic Incidentaloma.

Pancreatic incidentalomas are increasingly recognized entities that occur as a fallout of widespread availability of high definition imaging technology. These lesions offer diagnostic dilemmas to both clinicians and radiologists alike. Nevertheless, it is the advancement in diagnostic radiology that comes to the rescue in the management of these not-so-uncommon lesions.

Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-computed Tomography Evaluation of an Interesting Case of Uterine Carcinosarcoma with Isolated Appendicular Skeletal Metastases.

Uterine carcinosarcomas, also known as malignant mixed mullerian tumors, are one of the rare and most aggressive neoplasms of the uterus. They have an aggressive course and can spread to distant organs. Owing to the low incidence of these tumors, the optimal adjuvant management after surgery is not well established.

An Interesting Case of Retropharyngeal Lymph Nodal Metastases in a Case of Iodine-Refractory Thyroid Cancer.

Metastases to cervical lymph node are fairly common in differentiated thyroid cancer. In iodine-refractory disease, the disease may persist in the thyroid bed, cervical lymph nodes, lungs, or the bones commonly. Retropharyngeal lymph nodal involvement in thyroid cancer is unusual and may even be the presenting complaint.

Fluoro-deoxy glucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography in a case of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma with bilateral adrenal involvement.

Natural killer/T-cell (NK/T-cell) lymphoma is a rare condition, which presents as necrotic, granulomatous lesions involving the nose and the upper respiratory tract. The condition usually has an aggressive clinical course. The predominant subtype of NK/T-cell lymphoma noted in Asian population is the nasal type.

Metabolic flare phenomenon on 18 fluoride-fluorodeoxy glucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography scans in a patient with bilateral breast cancer treated with second-line chemotherapy and bevacizumab.

Increase in radiopharmaceutical uptake is an indicator of progression of disease. Paradoxical increase in the radiopharmaceutical uptake also occurs during favorable response to therapy, which is designated as flare phenomenon. Flare phenomenon is well documented on bone scinitgraphy when initially noted lesions show increased radiotracer uptake after therapy is instituted.

Fluoro deoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computerized tomography in primary staging and response assessment of a rare case of primary pleural synovial sarcoma.

Primary pleural sarcomas constitute <1% of all primary lung cancers. Synovial sarcomas of the pleura are extremely rare. They may be mistaken for malignant mesothelioma or other spindle cell tumors, but the confirmation is by histology and immunohistochemistry.

18 Fluoride-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in initial staging and response assessment of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the tibia.

Primary lymphoma of the bone is a rare clinical presentation constituting to <1% of all lymphomas. The long bones are usually involved. Combined treatment with chemotherapy and radiation offers long-term survival.

Incidentally detected sigmoidovesical fistula in a case of rectosigmoid cancer detected on FDG PET-CT.

Enterovesical fistulas are complications of advanced pelvic malignancies, repeated diverticulitis, and rare conditions like Crohn disease. They are difficult to demonstrate on conventional imaging and often are the source of recurrent urinary tract infections. An interesting case of sigmoidovesical fistula secondary to advanced rectosigmoid cancer is described in this case report.

F-18 fluoro-deoxy-glucose and F-18 sodium fluoride cocktail PET/CT scan in patients with breast cancer having equivocal bone SPECT/CT.

Introduction: Although single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) plays a major role in the characterization of equivocal lesions on bone scintigraphy, it remains equivocal in a fraction of these patients. We evaluated the additional value of cocktail F-18 sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) and F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) co-injection positron emission tomography (PET) (cocktail PET) in these patients.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen breast cancer patients, who had equivocal findings on the whole body bone scan (WBS) and SPECT/CT, were subjected to a cocktail PET/CT scan.

Utility of SPECT/CT in Sentinel Lymph Node Detection in a Case of Vulvar Carcinoma.

Unlabelled: Minimally invasive sentinel node biopsy is associated with significantly less morbidity and has been evaluated in several studies in patients with gynecologic malignancies. Accurate identification of the sentinel lymph nodes is possible in most of the patients. Hybrid SPECT/CT is a newer modality which has been shown to improve the localization of the suspicious lesions and also provide anatomical information of the involved lymph nodes.

Dual ectopic thyroid in the presence of atrophic orthotopic thyroid gland in a patient with acquired hypothyroidism: Evaluation with hybrid Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography.

Ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) refers to all cases in which the thyroid gland is present at a location other than its usual site. The prevalence of ETT is approximately one per 100,000 to 300,000 persons and is reported to occur in one in 4,000 to 8,000 patients with thyroid disease. Multiple ectopia of thyroid is extremely rare.

Utility of single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography imaging in evaluation of chronic low back pain.

Introduction: Abnormal morphologic findings in imaging were thought to explain the etiology of low back pain (LBP). However, it is now known that variety of morphologic abnormalities is noted even in asymptomatic individuals. Single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) could be used to differentiate incidental findings from clinically significant findings.

Focal fat sparing of the liver: a nonmalignant cause of focal FDG uptake on FDG PET/CT.

Fat spared area of liver can appear as focal areas of elevated FDG uptake on a PET scan. This may mimic metastases. PET scan performed for metastatic workup in a 35-year-old female patient, a case of exocrine tumor of the pancreas, showed focal areas of increased FDG uptake.

Hybrid SPECT/CT evaluation of Marine-Lenhart syndrome.

Marine-Lenhart syndrome has been described as a variant of Graves disease with the following criteria: (1) the thyroid scan shows an enlarged gland and 1 or 2 poorly functioning nodules; (2) the nodule is TSH dependent and the paranodular tissue is TSH independent; (3) after endogenous or exogenous TSH stimulation, the return of function in the nodule can be demonstrated; and (4) the nodule is histologically benign. We report a 57-year-old woman with Marine-Lenhart syndrome evaluated with technetium scanning and hybrid SPECT/CT.

Fluoro-deoxy-glucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Pattern in a Patient with Linitis Plastica of the Stomach Caused by Primary Signet Cell Adenocarcinoma.

We report the findings of [18F] fluoro-deoxy-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) performed in a 67-year-old female with suspicion of gastric carcinoma. Intense FDG uptake was noted in the thickened gastric wall. Subsequent laparotomy showed diffuse involvement of the gastric wall by signet ring cell adenocarcinoma.

Hybrid SPECT/CT evaluation of dual ectopia of thyroid in the absence of orthotopic thyroid gland.

Ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) refers to all cases in which the thyroid gland is present at a location other than its usual site. The prevalence of ETT is approximately 1 per 100,000 to 300,000 persons and is reported to occur in 1 of 4000 to 8000 patients with thyroid disease. Multiple ectopia of the thyroid is extremely rare, with fewer than 35 cases published in literature to date.

Predictive value of serum prostate specific antigen in detecting bone metastasis in prostate cancer patients using bone scintigraphy.

Introduction: Radionuclide bone scan (BS) used to be the investigation of choice for detecting osseous metastases in prostate cancer. Now, with the availability serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing, clinicians do have a timely, cost-effective method to determine those patients who are highly unlikely to have osseous metastases. We determine the utility of PSA for predicting the presence of skeletal metastasis on BSs in prostate cancer patients.

Iodine-131 meta-iodobezylguanidine single photon emission computed tomography/computerized tomography in diagnosis of neuro-endocrine tumors.

Metaiodobenzyl guanidine (MIBG) is a derivative of guanethidine and acts as an analogue of nor-epinephrine and is widely used in the imaging of tumors of neuro-endocrine origin. Iodine-123 MIBG has ideal imaging characteristics but is expensive with limited availability. Iodine-131 MIBG is widely used in India and is cheap.

FDG-PET findings in fronto-temporal dementia: A case report and review of literature.

Fronto-temporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a clinically and pathologically heterogeneous syndrome, characterized by progressive decline in behavior or language associated with degeneration of the frontal and anterior temporal lobes. Three distinct clinical variants of FTLD have been described. Despite the difficulties, accurate diagnosis is critical because the clinical management differs for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and FTLD.