Evolution of Aesthetic Dentistry.

One of the main goals of dental treatment is to mimic teeth and design smiles in a most natural and aesthetic manner, based on the individual and specific needs of the patient. Possibilities to reach that goal have significantly improved over the last decade through new and specific treatment modalities, steadily enhanced and more aesthetic dental materials, and novel techniques and technologies. This article gives an overview of the evolution of aesthetic dentistry over the past 100 y from a historical point of view and highlights advances in the development of dental research and clinical interventions that have contributed the science and art of aesthetic dentistry.

Injectable technique for direct provisional restoration.

Objective: New technique describes an alternative treatment modality of making direct provisional restoration.

Clinical Considerations: A preoperative wax-up should be fabricated, followed by fabrication of a transparent polyvinyl siloxane (VPS) matrix in a clear plastic prefabricated tray with retentive holes. After the tray is separated from the model, two additional holes will be made through the tray and the VPS for injecting and venting of the temporary resin.

Novel Approach to Managing Malsequenced and Malpositioned Immediately Placed Implants in the Esthetic Zone.

Esthetic implant therapy can be challenging in the anterior maxilla, and meticulous treatment is often required to deliver optimal esthetics. Close collaboration between surgical and prosthetic team members using the novel approach of prosthetic crown lengthening helped camouflage a shallow implant platform location, providing the proper gingival frame for esthetic restorations. This case report presents an interdisciplinary approach that included ridge augmentation, second-stage crown lengthening, and prosthetic soft tissue manipulation to address an implant placed too shallow in the alveolus of an extraction socket.

A retrospective survey on long-term survival of posterior zirconia and porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns in private practice.

Objectives: This retrospective survey assessed the clinical survival of zirconia-based crowns (PFZ) and conventional porcelain- fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns on posterior teeth in private practice.

Method And Materials: A print survey of 13 private practitioners was conducted to assess the long-term survival of previously placed full-coverage crowns. The practitioners reported a total of 2,182 premolar (n = 881) and molar (n = 1,301) full-coverage single crowns, 1,102 PFZ and 1,080 PFM, fabricated by one dental laboratory (Cusp, Boston) and followed over 7.

Prevalence of choroidal naevi using scanning laser ophthalmoscope.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of choroidal naevi in a healthy population using an ultra-wide scanning laser ophthalmoscope which can capture up to a 200° field of view of the retina, without pupil dilation.

Methods: Subjects were recruited from a college population. Each subject underwent an eye examination that included retinal and choroidal imaging using the Optos scanning laser ophthalmoscope and completed a self-administered questionnaire.

Clinical efficacy of veneered zirconium dioxide-based posterior partial fixed dental prostheses: five-year results.

Statement Of Problem: In recent years, zirconium dioxide-based partial fixed dental prostheses (FDP) have been suggested as an alternative treatment to traditional metal ceramic FDPs. However, clinical studies evaluating their longevity and related complications are limited.

Purpose: The purpose of this cohort clinical study was to assess the efficacy of zirconium dioxide-based posterior 3-unit FDPs.

Bond strength of different veneering ceramics to zirconia and their susceptibility to thermocycling.

Purpose: To evaluate the bond strength of recently developed feldspathic veneering ceramics to zirconium-oxide ceramic core material (Y-TZP). In addition, the effect of thermocycling on the bond strength was investigated.

Methods: 90 square Lava framework Y-TZP specimens were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 30) and veneered with one of the three zirconia veneering ceramics Cerabien ZR (CZR), GC Initial (GCI), or Lava Ceram (LC).

[Heavy-hearted: chronic constrictive pericarditis].

The purpose of this report is to describe a case involving a 62-year-old Moroccan woman hospitalized for generalized edema that lead to diagnosis of chronic constrictive pericarditis. Diagnosis was confirmed on the basis of pericardial calcification and typical hemodynamic findings. New imaging techniques such as cardiac MRI allow accurate anatomical and physiological assessment in difficult cases.

Comparison of marginal fit between all-porcelain margin versus alumina-supported margin on Procera Alumina crowns.

Purpose: Procera Alumina crowns are widely used; however, the effect of crown margin design on marginal fit is unknown. This study measured and compared the precision of fit of Procera Alumina crowns with two crown margin designs: all-porcelain versus alumina-supported margins.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen noncarious extracted human premolars were prepared for Procera((R)) Alumina crowns with an internally rounded shoulder preparation.

Influence of cementation technique on fracture strength and leakage of alumina all-ceramic crowns after cyclic loading.

Objective: To compare in vitro the influence of 3 cementation techniques on leakage and fracture strength of alumina all-ceramic crowns after cyclic loading in an artificial chewing simulator.

Method And Materials: Forty-eight extracted molars were mounted in a way that simulates natural tooth mobility. Crowns (Procera Alumina, Nobel Biocare) were fabricated and inserted with either conventional cementation with zinc phosphate cement without pretreatment (group ZOP); cementation with a universal adhesive resin cement without pretreatment (group HYB); or adhesive bonding with composite resin after pretreatment of the tooth (dentin bonding agent) and the crown (airborne-particle abrasion and a special ceramic priming agent containing adhesive monomers that bond to metal-oxide ceramics) (group ADH).

Influence of surface treatment and simulated aging on bond strengths of luting agents to zirconia.

Objective: To evaluate short- and long-term shear bond strengths of 4 luting agents to zirconia following different surface treatments.

Method And Materials: A total of 320 ceramic specimens fabricated from a commercial zirconium oxide ceramic (Lava) were randomly divided into 4 groups: left untreated (NOT), airborne-particle abraded (SND), Rocatec tribochemical silica/silane coated (ROC), or ground and polished (GRD). Resin composite cylinders were bonded to the zirconia specimens with resin composite luting agent RelyX ARC (ARC), universal adhesive resin composite RelyX Unicem (UNI), adhesive-phosphate-monomer-containing resin composite Panavia F (PAN), or the hybrid glass-ionomer cement RelyX Luting (LUT).

Precision of fit of two margin designs for metal-ceramic crowns.

Statement Of Problem: Although metal-ceramic restorations are widely used, there is a lack of information about how the fit is affected by margin designs.

Purpose: This study measured and compared the precision of fit of metal-ceramic crowns with two margin designs.

Material And Methods: Thirty-two extracted human premolar teeth were prepared for complete-coverage restorations with an internally rounded shoulder preparation.

Efficacy of a computerized shade selection system in matching the shade of anterior metal-ceramic crowns--a pilot study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether anterior crowns fabricated using a computerized shade selection system (ShadeScan, Cynovad) (experimental procedure) match adjacent teeth better than anterior crowns fabricated using conventional shade prescription and clinical slides (control).

Method And Materials: Five subjects who required a crown to restore a maxillary central incisor were selected. Two metal-ceramic crowns were fabricated for each incisor, 1 using the experimental procedure and 1 using the control method.

The efficacy of posterior three-unit zirconium-oxide-based ceramic fixed partial dental prostheses: a prospective clinical pilot study.

Statement Of Problem: Although zirconium-oxide-based restorations for fixed partial denture prostheses (FPDPs) are available for use, clinical studies evaluating their longevity and related complications have not been published.

Purpose: The aim of this pilot clinical study was to assess the efficacy of zirconia-based posterior 3-unit FPDPs.

Material And Methods: Twenty 3-unit posterior FPDPs (Lava) were placed in 16 subjects who were missing a second premolar or a first molar, met specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, and provided informed consent.

In vitro fracture strength of teeth restored with different all-ceramic crown systems.

Statement Of Problem: There is insufficient knowledge of the strength of all-ceramic crowns bonded to natural teeth to warrant the use of all-ceramic crowns in place of metal-ceramic crowns.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare fracture resistance of crowns made of 3 different types of 2 all-ceramic crown systems-0.4-mm and 0.

Long-term resin bond to densely sintered aluminum oxide ceramic.

Background: Densely sintered aluminium oxide ceramic is a popular material for ceramic copings and all-ceramic restorations. A strong, predictable, and long-term durable resin bond is key for long-term clinical success of bonded alumina-based restorations.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure and compare in vitro shear bond strengths of three resin cements with and without their corresponding silane coupling/bonding agent to air particle- abraded densely sintered aluminum oxide ceramic after long-term water storage and thermocycling.

[Hormonal replacement therapy and cardiovascular risk: contra-indication or non-indication?].

In the field of cardiovascular risk and treatment of menopause, only one instruction can be currently given to the prescribers: caution. Since the publication of heart and estrogen/progestin replacement study, the dogma of the cardioprotection induced by hormonal replacement therapy began to crumble. This paradigm had set up with observational studies, which for the majority had neglected in their retrospective analysis the socio-economic factor.