Publications by authors named "Chiba A"
Background: Bilateral risk-reducing mastectomies (RRMs) have been proven to decrease the risk of breast cancer in patients at high risk owing to family history or having pathogenic genetic mutations. However, few resources with consolidated data have detailed the patient experience following surgery. This systematic review features patient-reported outcomes for patients with no breast cancer history in the year after their bilateral RRM.
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- Research shows that breast tissue has a unique, changeable microbiome that can be influenced by endocrine-targeting therapies such as tamoxifen.
- Tamoxifen treatment was found to change the diversity of the breast microbiome and increase levels of certain beneficial bacteria, like Lactobacillus, in both mice and primates.
- Probiotic bacteria injections in lab mice not only reduced tumor formation but also affected gene expression related to metabolism, suggesting a link between breast microbiome changes and lower risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
Macrocyclic aromatic amides 2, in which the -positions of all four benzene rings are linked by tertiary amide bonds, were successfully synthesized by a one-step condensation reaction of two monomers using dichlorotriphenylphosphorane or triphenylphosphine/hexachloroethane (dehydration-condensation reagents for carboxy and amino groups), or LiHMDS (aminolysis for esters) as coupling reagents. Single crystal X-ray analyses of the -methyl and -ethyl derivatives were performed and revealed that each compound adopted a spherical structure with chirality because of the fixed axis rotation and combined polarity of the amide bonds. Enantiomers of each spherical macrocycle were separated by chiral column chromatography and showed mirror-imaged CD spectra to each other.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/objectives: Most older adults experience cognitive and physical functioning problems; however, they require the ability to learn skills in response to age-related or social environmental changes for independent living. This study aimed to clarify the associations between age-related physical activity and performance in skill learning tasks based on cognitive function.
Methods: Fifty-eight adults participated in this study and were divided into two groups: the control group (aged under 65 years) and older adult group (aged over 65).
Cells functioning at a specific zone by clustering according to gene expression are recognized as zonated cells. Here, we demonstrate anatomical and functional zones in the zebrafish heart. The cardiomyocytes (CMs) at the atrioventricular canal between the atrium and ventricle could be grouped into three zones according to the localization of signal-activated CMs: Wnt/β-catenin signal, Bmp signal, and Tbx2b zones.
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- The study investigates how genetic mutations in breast cancer patients influence their treatment choices and management strategies.
- It categorizes patients based on the type of mutation (BRCA1/2, high penetrance, moderate penetrance) and when they had genetic testing (at diagnosis or after treatment).
- Results show that those tested at diagnosis preferred more aggressive surgeries like bilateral mastectomy, while those who had prior treatment mostly opted for surveillance.
Background: Breast atypia increases overall breast cancer risk, potentially necessitating future interventions. This study examines the frequency and outcomes of additional percutaneous biopsies after an atypia diagnosis.
Methods: Adult patients with breast atypia (atypical ductal hyperplasia, atypical lobular hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ) at a single institution were reviewed for subsequent core needle biopsies (CNBs) and corresponding malignant outcomes.
Background: Mindful eating (ME) emphasizes full awareness of food consumption, incorporating the practice of eating slowly. Traditional interventions targeting slower eating rates often concentrate on chewing behavior, leaving the impact of ME largely unexplored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the ME program in improving eating rates and mindful eating compared to conventional education centered solely on chewing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disease. Previously, we identified midnolin () as a genetic risk factor for PD. Although copy number loss increases the risk of PD, the molecular function of MIDN remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Axillary management after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is evolving but axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) remains the standard of care for patients with residual nodal disease. The results of the Alliance A011202 trial evaluating the oncologic safety of ALND omission in this cohort are pending but we hypothesize that ALND omission is already increasing.
Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried to identify patients diagnosed with cT1-3N1M0 breast cancer who underwent NAC and had residual nodal disease (ypN1mi-2) from 2012 to 2021.
Background: Older breast cancer patients represent a heterogeneous population. Studies demonstrate that sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) omission may be appropriate in some clinical scenarios, yet patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are often excluded from these studies. This study evaluated differences in treatment and survival for older patients with TNBC based on SLNB receipt and result.
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- Patients with inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) experience worse overall survival compared to non-IBC patients, despite similar treatment approaches.
- The study analyzed data from 38,390 women with stage III breast cancer, showing that IBC patients had lower pathologic complete response (pCR) rates (20.7% vs. 23.3% for non-IBC), and higher 5-year mortality for those achieving pCR (16.4% vs. 9.1%).
- The findings suggest that even when IBC patients achieve pCR, their survival outcomes remain poorer than those of non-IBC patients, indicating the need for more effective treatment strategies for IBC.
Introduction: Stage III breast cancer is defined as locally advanced breast cancer and is treated with curative intent. Historically, overall survival (OS) did not differ based on treatment sequence (neoadjuvant chemotherapy [NAC] followed by surgery versus surgery followed by chemotherapy). Given recent advancements, we examined if treatment sequence may be associated with improved OS in a contemporary cohort of patients with stage III breast cancer.
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- * In September 2020, the Annals of Surgical Oncology created a Social Media Committee to enhance the visibility of their published research on platforms like X (formerly Twitter).
- * This review focuses on the 10 ASO original articles that garnered the most engagement on X, covering diverse oncologic surgical topics such as hepatopancreatobiliary, breast, and gynecologic surgery.
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- Squatting is essential for daily activities and is commonly incorporated in exercise programs, but how the trunk and limbs work together during this movement is not completely understood.
- A study examined the relationship between the movements of the lower limbs, trunk, and center of mass (COM) while young adults performed squats, using a 3D motion analysis system.
- Findings revealed that the knee joint's motion is strongly linked to squat depth, while the hips and ankles also play crucial roles in overall COM movement both vertically and front-to-back during squatting.
A highly enantioselective one-pot synthesis of cyclopropane-fused tetrahydroquinolines bearing carbonyl functionalities, which are difficult to synthesize using conventional methods, is reported. Employing readily accessible alkene-tethered anthranilaldehydes, hydrazone formation and subsequent Ru-catalyzed intramolecular cyclopropanation furnish the desired products in ≤87% yield and ≤95% ee under mild conditions. Various anthranilaldehydes, functionalized alkenes, and -aryl sulfonyl groups are tolerated, and a series of synthetic transformations were conducted to demonstrate the practical utility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe conducted a large-scale online survey in February 2023 to investigate the public's perceptions of COVID-19 infection and fatality risks in Japan. We identified two key findings. First, univariate analysis comparing perceived and actual risk suggested overestimation and nonnegligible underestimation of COVID-19 risk.
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- Proliferative breast atypical lesions, like atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and lobular intraepithelial neoplasms (LIN), increase the risk for developing ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast cancer (IBC), though the timing for progression varies widely.
- A study of 418 patients diagnosed with these lesions revealed that 17% developed either IBC or DCIS, with almost half of these cases occurring within 5 years after the initial diagnosis.
- Neither patient demographics nor clinical features were linked to the timing or likelihood of developing subsequent cancer events, indicating that atypia is a significant marker for overall malignancy risk.
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a significant global health challenge. Physicians need to assess whether future glycemic control will be poor on the current trajectory of usual care and usual-care treatment intensifications so that they can consider taking extra treatment measures to prevent poor outcomes. Predicting poor glycemic control from trends in hemoglobin A (HbA) levels is difficult due to the influence of seasonal fluctuations and other factors.
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- Women Veterans represent the fastest-growing demographic within the VA Health Care System, with breast cancer being the most prevalent cancer among them, highlighting the need for improved cancer care tailored to their unique needs.
- The inaugural 2023 VA Women's Cancer Research Conference gathered experts to enhance breast cancer research, focusing on improving referral patterns and genetic testing for women Veterans.
- Surveyed attendees identified five key research priorities for enhancing cancer care, which include improving treatment quality, molecular testing, risk assessment, and building strategic partnerships.
Background: Management of pathogenic variants in high penetrance genes related to breast cancer (BC), such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, are well established. However, moderate penetrance mutations are understudied. We aim to compare risk reduction decision-making patterns in patients with a moderate penetrance BC-related genetic mutations, without a prior BC diagnosis.
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- The study aimed to identify factors linked to locomotive syndrome (LS) using medical questionnaires and machine learning techniques.
- A total of 1,575 participants underwent LS risk tests, and after data cleaning, 331 questionnaire items were analyzed to determine their association with LS through advanced statistical methods.
- Nine key factors, especially age and back pain during walking, were identified as strongly correlated with LS, showing better predictive performance compared to existing assessment tools.