Effect of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor Output Parasitic Capacitance on Efficiency in Full-Bridge LLC DC/DC Converters.

This study analyzed the efficiency impact of a MOSFET output parasitic capacitance (Coss) on a full-bridge LLC DC/DC converter. The core of the converter was the control chip for a half-bridge LLC DC/DC converter, and the output signal of the chip controlled the first-arm power transistors of the primary side of the converter. The coupling transformer reversed the output signal to control the primary side of the second arm of the power transistor.

Soy yoghurts produced with efficient GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)-producing ameliorate hyperglycaemia and re-establish gut microbiota in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice.

Soy yogurt has been gaining popularity as a vegan food produced simply by soymilk fermentation with proper microbial manipulation. It is well known that soy containing rich isoflavones is beneficial for ameliorating hyperglycaemic disorders. Soy fermentation can improve the bioavailability of these precious nutrients.

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessments of Anti-Hyperglycemic Properties of Soybean Residue Fermented with and .

Soy isoflavones possess antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and phytoestrogenic properties. Soybean residue contains a fair amount of nutrients such as glycosylated isoflavones, minerals and dietary fibers, and is a substantial waste product produced from soymilk and tofu manufacturing. A solid-state fermentation of soybean residue by or co-inoculated with improves the availability of isoflavones and GABA content which is attributed to ameliorated hyperglycemic symptoms in STZ-induced hyperglycemic mice.

Sulforaphane inhibits blue light-induced inflammation and apoptosis by upregulating the SIRT1/PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway and autophagy in retinal pigment epithelial cells.

The present study elucidated mechanisms through which sulforaphane (SFN) protects retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells from blue light-induced impairment. SFN could activate the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and increase the expression of the heme oxygenease-1 (HO-1) gene and production of glutathione. SFN reduced blue light-induced oxidative stress, and effectively activated cytoprotective components including Nrf-2, HO-1, thioredoxin-1, and glutathione.

Using Vibrating and Cold Device for Pain Relieves in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: Needle procedures are the most common source of pain, anxiety, and fear among children. A combination of a cooling ice-pack and/or a vibrating motor for pain management in children has been evaluated in trials, but their overall effects await a synthesis of the available evidence.

Method: Comprehensive search was conducted using Cochrane, PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Airiti.

Exploring the efficacy of using hypertonic saline for nebulizing treatment in children with bronchiolitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Inhaled hypertonic saline (HS) has shown benefit in decreasing airway edema in acute bronchiolitis which is the most common lower respiratory infection resulting in dyspnea among infants under 2 years old. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HS in the implementation of treatment with nebulized HS among children with bronchiolitis.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE and Airiti Library (Chinese Database) for randomized controlled trials from inception to July 2019.

Yellow and green pigments from L. seed oil induce cell death in colon and lung cancer cells.

Natural compounds have been candidates for anticancer medicine over the last 20 years. During the process of isolating seed oil from L., yellow and green pigments containing multiple compounds with an aromatic structure were identified.

Peanut arachidin-1 enhances Nrf2-mediated protective mechanisms against TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 expression and NF-κB activation in endothelial cells.

Arachidin-1 [trans-4-(3-methyl-1-butenyl)-3,5,3',4'-tetrahydroxystilbene] is a polyphenol produced by peanut kernels during germination. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of arachidin-1 in endothelial cells (ECs). The results of cell adhesion and western blotting assays demonstrated that arachidin-1 attenuated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced monocyte/EC adhesion and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression.

Effect of acetic acid on ethanol production by Zymomonas mobilis mutant strains through continuous adaptation.

Background: Acetic acid is a predominant by-product of lignocellulosic biofuel process, which inhibits microbial biocatalysts. Development of bacterial strains that are tolerant to acetic acid is challenging due to poor understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Results: In this study, we generated and characterized two acetic acid-tolerant strains of Zymomonas mobilis using N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG)-acetate adaptive breeding.

Lycopene inhibits NF-κB activation and adhesion molecule expression through Nrf2-mediated heme oxygenase-1 in endothelial cells.

The endothelial expression of cell adhesion molecules plays a leading role in atherosclerosis. Lycopene, a carotenoid with 11 conjugated double bonds, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we demonstrate a putative mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effects of lycopene.

Analysis of the associations among Helicobacter pylori infection, adiponectin, leptin, and 10-year fracture risk using the fracture risk assessment tool: A cross-sectional community-based study.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may induce inflammatory cytokines or adipokines that influence bone turnover and bone fracture risk. This study aimed to evaluate the association among H.

Carbon monoxide releasing molecule induces endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation through a calcium and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt mechanism.

The production of nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) plays a major role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. This study elucidated the potential role of carbon monoxide (CO)-releasing molecules (CORMs) in NO production and explored the underlying mechanisms in endothelial cells. We observed that 25μM CORM-2 could increase NO production and stimulate an increase in the intracellular Ca level.

miR-122-mediated translational repression of PEG10 and its suppression in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a primary liver malignancy, is the most common cancer in males and fourth common cancer in females in Taiwan. HCC patients usually have a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis. It has been classified as a complex disease because of the heterogeneous phenotypic and genetic traits of the patients and a wide range of risk factors.

The Associations Between Helicobacter pylori Infection, Serum Vitamin D, and Metabolic Syndrome: A Community-Based Study.

The associations between Helicobacter pylori infection, serum vitamin D level, and metabolic syndrome (MS) are controversial. The present community-based study aimed to investigate the effect of H pylori infection and serum vitamin D deficiency on MS development.Individuals from the northeastern region of Taiwan were enrolled in a community-based study from March, 2014 to August, 2015.

Cellobiohydrolase and endoglucanase respond differently to surfactants during the hydrolysis of cellulose.

Background: Non-ionic surfactants such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) can increase the glucose yield obtained from enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic substrates. Various explanations behind this effect include the ability of PEG to increase the stability of the cellulases, decrease non-productive cellulase adsorption to the substrate, and increase the desorption of enzymes from the substrate. Here, using lignin-free model substrates, we propose that PEG also alters the solvent properties, for example, water, leading the cellulases to increase hydrolysis yields.

Carbon monoxide induces heme oxygenase-1 to modulate STAT3 activation in endothelial cells via S-glutathionylation.

IL-6/STAT3 pathway is involved in a variety of biological responses, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammation. In our present study, we found that CO releasing molecules (CORMs) suppress IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and transactivity in endothelial cells (ECs). CO is a byproduct of heme degradation mediated by heme oxygenase (HO-1).

Cellulase inhibition by high concentrations of monosaccharides.

Biological degradation of biomass on an industrial scale culminates in high concentrations of end products. It is known that the accumulation of glucose and cellobiose, end products of hydrolysis, inhibit cellulases and decrease glucose yields. Aside from these end products, however, other monosaccharides such as mannose and galactose (stereoisomers of glucose) decrease glucose yields as well.

CO-releasing molecules and increased heme oxygenase-1 induce protein S-glutathionylation to modulate NF-κB activity in endothelial cells.

Protein glutathionylation is a protective mechanism that functions in response to mild oxidative stress. Carbon monoxide (CO) can increase the reactive oxygen species concentration from a low level via the inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase. We therefore hypothesized that CO would induce NF-κB-p65 glutathionylation and then show anti-inflammatory effects.

Stability of monacolin K and citrinin and biochemical characterization of red-koji vinegar during fermentation.

Red-koji vinegar is a Monascus -involved and acetic acid fermentation-derived traditional product, in which the presence of monacolin K and citrinin has attracted public attention. In this study, red-koji wine was prepared as the substrate and artificially supplemented with monacolin K and citrinin and subjected to vinegar fermentation with Acetobacter starter. After 30 days of fermentation, 43.

Considering water availability and the effect of solute concentration on high solids saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass.

Milliliter scale (ligno)cellulose saccharifications suggest general solute concentration and its impact on water availability plays a significant role in detrimental effects associated with high solids lignocellulose conversions. A microtumbler developed to enable free-fall mixing at dry solids loadings up to 35% (w/w) repeatedly produced known detrimental conversion trends on cellulose, xylan and pretreated lignocellulose with commercial enzymes. Despite this, high concentrations of insoluble nonhydrolysable dextrans did not depress saccharification extents in 5% (w/w) cellulose slurries suggesting mass transfer limitations may not significantly limit hydrolysis extents at high solids loadings.

Production and effect of aldonic acids during enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose at high dry matter content.

Background: The recent discovery of accessory proteins that boost cellulose hydrolysis has increased the economical and technical efficiency of processing cellulose to bioethanol. Oxidative enzymes (e.g.

The glutathionylation of p65 modulates NF-κB activity in 15-deoxy-Δ¹²,¹⁴-prostaglandin J₂-treated endothelial cells.

Protein glutathionylation is a posttranslational modification of cysteine residues with glutathione in response to mild oxidative stress. Because 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) is an electrophilic prostaglandin that can increase glutathione (GSH) levels and augment reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, we hypothesized that it induces NF-κB-p65 glutathionylation and would exert anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, we show that 15d-PGJ(2) suppresses the expression of ICAM-1 and NF-κB-p65 nuclear translocation.

Upregulation of NF-E2-related factor-2-dependent glutathione by carnosol provokes a cytoprotective response and enhances cell survival.

Aim: To explore whether glutathione (GSH) increased through Nrf-2 activation is involved in the cytoprotective effects of carnosol in HepG2 cells.

Methods: Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 were exposed to rosemarry essential oil or carnosol. Cell viability was measured using an Alamar blue assay.

Erythropoietin enhances endogenous haem oxygenase-1 and represses immune responses to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Both erythropoietin (EPO) and haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an anti-oxidative stress protein, have proven protective roles in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a reliable animal model of multiple sclerosis. In this study, EPO delivered intraperitoneally could reduce disease severity in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)–EAE mice. To assess the effect of EPO on endogenous HO-1 in EAE, we investigated expression of HO-1 mRNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), protein expression centrally and peripherally by Western blot and immunohistochemistry and mean fluorescence intensity of splenic HO-1 by flow cytometry.

Calcium- and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-dependent activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by apigenin.

Aims: The generation of NO by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) plays a major role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. The objective of our present study was to investigate the effects of the flavone compound, apigenin, on eNOS activity and elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects in endothelial cells (ECs).

Main Methods: Bovine artery endothelial cells (BAECs) were exposed in a serum-free medium to apigenin.