Variables Affecting General Anesthesia Time for Pediatric Dental Cases.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify variables affecting procedural times for dental treatments performed in the operating room (OR) under general anesthesia.

Methods: A total of 2,264 OR cases at Boston Children's Hospital were included in the study. A series of patient, provider, and operational variables were studied, including: patient age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, need for intraoperative radiographs, intubation type, provider type, referring provider type, referral date, waiting time between referral and OR, and symmetry of caries pattern.

A primer on the current state of microarray technologies.

DNA microarray technology has been used for genome-wide gene expression studies that incorporate molecular genetics and computer science analyses on massive levels. The availability of microarrays permit the simultaneous analysis of tens of thousands of genes for the purposes of gene discovery, disease diagnosis, improved drug development, and therapeutics tailored to specific disease processes. In this chapter, we provide an overview on the current state of common microarray technologies and platforms.

Thermal stabilization of tissues and the preservation of protein phosphorylation states for two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

2-DE is typically capable of discriminating proteins differing by a single phosphorylation or dephosphorylation event. However, a reliable representation of protein phosphorylation states as they occur in vivo requires that both phosphatases and kinases are rapidly and completely inactivated. Thermal stabilization of mouse cerebral cortex homogenates effectively inactivated these enzymes, as evidenced by comparison with unstabilized tissues where abscissal pI shifts were a common feature in 2-D gels.