Runs of homozygosity are associated with staging of periodontitis in isolated populations.

Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease characterized by a complex etiology, which is the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetic variants linked to the periodontitis disease were already investigated, however, little was known regarding the severity of this disease. Recently, long runs of homozygosity (ROH) were associated with several multifactorial diseases.

Long-term bond strength and endogenous enzymatic activity of a chlorhexidine-containing commercially available adhesive.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate, by the means of microtensile bond strength (μTBS) test, gelatin and in situ zymography, the influence of 0.2% CHX contained within a commercially available adhesive on long-term bond strength and endogenous enzymatic activity.

Methods: Non-carious teeth were subjected to μTBS test (N = 15 for each group) and stressed until failure.

Effects of Finish Line Design and Fatigue Cyclic Loading on Phase Transformation of Zirconia Dental Ceramics: A Qualitative Micro-Raman Spectroscopic Analysis.

Objectives: Stresses produced during the fabrication of copings and by chewing activity can induce a tetragonal-to-monoclinic (t⁻m) transformation of zirconia. As a consequence, in the m-phase, the material is not able to hinder possible cracks by the favorable mechanism known as "transformation toughening". This study aimed at evaluating if different marginal preparations of zirconia copings can cause a premature phase transformation immediately after manufacturing milling and after chewing simulation.

Association of LTA gene haploblock with periodontal disease in Italian adults.

Background: Periodontitis is a common oral disease caused by host inflammatory response towards bacteria biofilm. The chronic activation of immune response leads to destruction of teeth supporting tissue, bone loss and tooth detachment. Different factors could be involved in the development and severity of the disease; among them the host genetic background should be considered.

Intraoperative Complications During Sinus Floor Elevation with Lateral Approach: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To analyze the occurrence of intraoperative complications during sinus floor elevation with a lateral approach and their correlations with the technique adopted by surgeons.

Materials And Methods: Electronic and manual searches resulted in 4,417 records on sinus floor elevation. Twenty-one randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and 11 prospective controlled clinical trials (CCTs) reporting occurrence of intraoperative complications were included.

NLRC5 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to chronic periodontitis.

Periodontitis is a chronic oral pathology caused by impaired immune response against oral bacteria resulting in tissue inflammation and damage. Among the members of innate immune response, the first line of defence against pathogens, inflammasomes are macro-molecular protein complexes that can be activated by different stimuli, comprised bacteria infections. Different proteins are involved in inflammasoma formation; the most important are molecules belonging from the family of nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs).

Micromorphometric analysis of bone blocks harvested with eight different ultrasonic and sonic devices for osseous surgery.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse in vitro the main features of osteotomies performed by means of different ultrasonic and sonic systems for bone surgery.

Materials And Methods: Six ultrasonic and two sonic devices for osseous surgery were evaluated during block harvesting on bovine bone. After measuring cutting speed, images of the blocks were acquired by light stereo-microscope and E-SEM, in order to measure the osteotomy thickness and to evaluate the presence of intra-trabecular bone debris and signs of thermal injuries on the bone.

Effect of carboidiimide on thermal denaturation temperature of dentin collagen.

Objectives: 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) has been shown to cross-link dentin type I collagen. Increased cross-linking usually elevates the glass transition temperature of polymers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cross-linking reaction promoted by EDC in different aqueous concentrations by measuring the thermal denaturation temperature (Td) of human dentin collagen.

Polymorphisms in sweet taste genes (TAS1R2 and GLUT2), sweet liking, and dental caries prevalence in an adult Italian population.

The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between sweet taste genes and dental caries prevalence in a large sample of adults. In addition, the association between sweet liking and sugar intake with dental caries was investigated. Caries was measured by the decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index in 647 Caucasian subjects (285 males and 362 females, aged 18-65 years), coming from six villages in northeastern Italy.

Effect of ozone application on the immediate shear bond strength and microleakage of dental sealants.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether gaseous ozone application affects the immediate enamel bond strength or microleakage of 2 dental sealants.

Methods: Sixty bovine incisors were randomly divided into 4 groups, and sealants were applied to the enamel surfaces as follows: ozone + Concise; Concise (control); ozone + UltraSeal XT Plus; and UltraSeal XT Plus (control). Ozone application was performed for 80 seconds, and shear bond strength was measured.

Degree of conversion of two-step etch-and-rinse adhesives: In situ micro-Raman analysis.

Objectives: DC of three commercial two-step etch-and-rinse adhesives across the dentine-adhesive interface was investigated using micro-Raman spectroscopy. The hypothesis tested was that no difference in DC would exist among the adhesives tested.

Methods: Adper Scotchbond 1XT (3M ESPE), Prime&Bond NT (Dentsply DeTrey), and Ambar (FGM) were applied on human dentine disks (n=9).

Influence of post type on degree of conversion of a resin-based luting agent.

Purpose: To assess the degree of conversion (DC) at different levels of a resin-based luting agent used with different commercial posts.

Methods: A resin-based luting agent (Variolink II) was light-cured in a simulated dowel space in combination with different fiber posts: GC Fiber Post (GC), DT Light Safety Lock (SL), RelyX Fiber Post (RX), Reforpost (RE), DT Light Post Illusion (LPI), FRC Postec Plus (FP), Radix (RA), Snowpost (SP), Dentin Post X (DP), Macrolock Illusion (MI), and Composipost (CP). After 24 hours, DC was assessed through micro-Raman analysis at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds.

The effect of curing mode on extent of polymerization and microhardness of dual-cured, self-adhesive resin cements.

Purpose: To compare the effect of curing mode (self- or light-cure) on the extent of polymerization (%EP1 as measured using differential scanning calorimetry, (DSC) and microhardness of two dual-cured, self-adhesive resin cements, using a conventional, dual-cured resin cement as control.

Methods: Small amounts of the commercial self-adhesive cements Maxcem and RelyX Unicem or Panavia F2.0 dual-cure resin based cement used as control were polymerized within the DSC chamber at 35 degrees C under a nitrogen atmosphere.

An in vivo study of the effect of a 38 percent hydrogen peroxide in-office whitening agent on enamel.

Background: In an in vivo study, the authors tested the hypothesis that no difference in enamel surface roughness is detectable either during or after bleaching with a high-concentration in-office whitening agent.

Methods: The authors performed profilometric and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analyses of epoxy resin replicas of the upper right incisors of 20 participants at baseline (control) and after each bleaching treatment with a 38 percent hydrogen peroxide whitening agent, applied four times, at one-week intervals. The authors used analysis of variance for repeated measures to analyze the data statistically.