Nasopharyngeal sialoceles in 11 brachycephalic dogs.

Objective: To report clinical features, diagnosis, surgical treatment, and outcomes of brachycephalic dogs with nasopharyngeal sialoceles (NPS).

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: Eleven brachycephalic dogs with NPS.

Key factors regulating protein carbonylation by α,β unsaturated carbonyls: A structural study based on a retrospective meta-analysis.

Protein carbonylation represents one of the most important oxidative-based modifications involving nucleophilic amino acids and affecting protein folding and function. Protein carbonylation is induced by electrophilic carbonyl species and is an highly selective process since few nucleophilic residues are carbonylated within each protein. While considering the great interest for protein carbonylation, few studies investigated the factors which render a nucleophilic residue susceptible to carbonylation.