The Metabolic Signature of Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Systematic Review.

Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a potent health marker, the improvement of which is associated with a reduced incidence of non-communicable diseases and all-cause mortality. Identifying metabolic signatures associated with CRF could reveal how CRF fosters human health and lead to the development of novel health-monitoring strategies.

Objective: This article systematically reviewed reported associations between CRF and metabolites measured in human tissues and body fluids.

The metabolic signature of cardiorespiratory fitness: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: A low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a strong and independent predictor of cardiometabolic, cancer and all-cause mortality. To date, the mechanisms linking CRF with reduced mortality remain largely unknown. Metabolomics, which is a powerful metabolic phenotyping technology to unravel molecular mechanisms underlying complex phenotypes, could elucidate how CRF fosters human health.

Physical activity and exercise improve retinal microvascular health as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk: A systematic review.

Background And Aims: Physical activity (PA) and fitness are important modulators of vascular ageing and may therefore help expand individual health span. We aimed to systematically review the association of PA and fitness, as well as the effects of exercise interventions on the new microvascular biomarkers retinal arteriolar (CRAE) and venular (CRVE) diameters and the retinal flicker light-induced dilatation (FID) in children and adults.

Methods: PubMed, Ovid, The Cochrane, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched.