Contrast-enhanced [18 F] fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography in clinical oncology: tumor-, site-, and question-based comparison with standard positron emission tomography/computed tomography.

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the added value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (ceCT) in comparison to standard, non-enhanced CT in the context of a combined positron emission tomography (PET)/CT examination by means of a tumor-, site-, and clinical question-based approach.

Methods: Analysis was performed in 202 patients undergoing PET/CT consisting of a multiphase CT protocol followed by a whole-body PET. The Cochran Q test was performed, followed by a multiple comparisons correction (McNemar test and Bonferroni adjustment), to compare standard and contrast-enhanced PET (cePET/CT).

Diabetes impairs the vascular recruitment of normal stem cells by oxidant damage, reversed by increases in pAMPK, heme oxygenase-1, and adiponectin.

Background: Atherosclerosis progression is accelerated in diabetes mellitus (DM) by either direct endothelial damage or reduced availability and function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Both alterations are related to increased oxidant damage.

Aim: We examined if DM specifically impairs vascular signaling, thereby reducing the recruitment of normal EPCs, and if increases in antioxidant levels by induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) can reverse this condition.

Pharmacological heterogeneity of release-regulating presynaptic AMPA/kainate receptors in the rat brain: study with receptor antagonists.

Presynaptic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA)/kainate receptors mediating hippocampal [(3)H]noradrenaline or [(3)H]serotonin release, striatal [(3)H]dopamine release and cortical [(3)H]acetylcholine release were pharmacologically characterized using several AMPA/kainate receptor antagonists. The releases of the four transmitters elicited by exposing synaptosomes to AMPA were antagonized by NBQX, indicating that they reflect AMPA/kainate receptor activation. GYKI52466 did not inhibit the AMPA-induced release of [(3)H]noradrenaline, [(3)H]dopamine or [(3)H]serotonin, while it weakly affected the AMPA-mediated release of [(3)H]acetylcholine.