Nitrogen Adsorption and Characteristics of Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel Oxides Impregnated on SBA-15 Mesoporous Silica.

Hexagonal SBA-15 mesoporous material was used as a catalytic template for impregnation, with the transition metals Fe, Co, and Ni as catalysts for chemical transformation. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were conducted to better understand the physicochemical properties of the metal oxide-impregnated SBA-15. The specific surface area of the original SBA-15 was approximately 680 m/g, and the abundances of the catalysts impregnated ranged from 2 to 8%, corresponding to specific surface areas of 560-470 m/g for Fe-SBA-15, 440-340 m/g for Ni-SBA-15, and 410-340 m/g for Co-SBA-15.

The effect of microwave pyrolysis on product characteristics and bromine migration for a non-metallic printed circuit board.

At present, it is necessary to carry out environmentally friendly treatment of non-metallic fractions (NMFs) of waste printed circuit board (WPCB) to improve resource utilization. NMFs of WPCB are pyrolyzed by microwave heating to determine the effect of different operating conditions on the characteristics of pyrolysis products. The results show that yields for residue, oil and gas are 59.

Residue characteristics of sludge from a chemical industrial plant by microwave heating pyrolysis.

Sludge from biological wastewater treatment procedures was treated using microwave heating pyrolysis to reduce the environmental impact of a chemical plant. In this study, major elements, trace elements, PAHs and nitro-PAHs in raw sludge, and pyrolysis residues were investigated. The contents of major element from raw sludge were carbon 46.

Temperature influence on product distribution and characteristics of derived residue and oil in wet sludge pyrolysis using microwave heating.

Sludge taken from a wastewater treatment plant of the petrochemical industry was dewatered and pyrolyzed to produce liquid oil as an alternative fuel via microwave heating. Element contents of dried sludge were 45.9±3.

Water-soluble ionic species of coarse and fine particulate matter and gas precursor characteristics at urban and rural sites of central Taiwan.

Coarse and fine particulate matter (PM) were taken by a dichotomous sampler, and gas precursors were determined by a denuder sampler at two stations in central Taiwan. Water-soluble ionic constituents of PM and their precursor gases were analyzed by ionic chromatograph. In summer, the daytime/nighttime PM10 concentrations were 37 ± 10/41 ± 18 μg m(-3) and 36 ± 14/34 ± 18 μg m(-3) for Xitun and Jhushan, respectively.

Characteristics of Carbon Material Formation on SBA-15 and Ni-SBA-15 Templates by Acetylene Decomposition and Their Bioactivity Effects.

Carbon spheres and tubes were formed from acetylene decomposition on SBA-15 and Ni-SBA-15 at 650-850 °C. At 650 °C, the decomposed carbons covered the surface of the support, and no carbon spheres and filament materials were formed. Carbon sphere formation occurred at 750 °C-850 °C; with diameters ranging from 0.

Airborne pollutant characteristics in an urban, industrial and agricultural complex metroplex with high emission loading and ammonia concentration.

The size distribution of particulate mass and water-soluble ionic constituents and their gaseous precursors was investigated in a subtropical area, southern Taiwan. Field sampling and chemical analysis of particulate matter (PM) were conducted using a Micro Orifice Uniform Deposition Impactor (MOUDI) and a Nano-MOUDI, and gaseous pollutants were determined by a denuder-filter pack system. PM size mass distribution, mass concentration and ionic species concentration were measured during the day and at night in the winter and summer.

Carbon material formation on SBA-15 and Ni-SBA-15 and residue constituents during acetylene decomposition.

Carbon materials including carbon spheres and nanotubes were formed from acetylene decomposition on hydrogen-reduced SBA-15 and Ni-SBA-15 at 650-850°C. The physicochemical characteristics of SBA-15, Ni-SBA-15 and carbon materials were analyzed by field emission scanning electronic microscopy (FE-SEM), Raman spectrometry, and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). In addition, the contents of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the tar and residue and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaust were determined during acetylene decomposition on SBA-15 and Ni-SBA-15.

Liquid oil and residual characteristics of printed circuit board recycle by pyrolysis.

Non-metal fractions of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) were thermally treated (200-500°C) under nitrogen atmosphere. Carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen were determined by elemental analyzer, bromine by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), phosphorus by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), and 29 trace elements by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES) and mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for raw material and pyrolysis residues. Organic compositions of liquid oil were identified by GC (gas chromatography)-MS, trace element composition by ICP system, and 12 water-soluble ions by IC (ionic chromatography).

Element and PAH constituents in the residues and liquid oil from biosludge pyrolysis in an electrical thermal furnace.

Biosludge can be pyrolyzed to produce liquid oil as an alternative fuel. The content of five major elements, 22 trace elements and 16 PAHs was investigated in oven-dried raw material, pyrolysis residues and pyrolysis liquid products. Results indicated 39% carbon, 4.

Exhaust constituent emission factors of printed circuit board pyrolysis processes and its exhaust control.

The printed circuit board (PCB) is an important part of electrical and electronic equipment, and its disposal and the recovery of useful materials from waste PCBs (WPCBs) are key issues for waste electrical and electronic equipment. Waste PCB compositions and their pyrolysis characteristics were analyzed in this study. In addition, the volatile organic compound (VOC) exhaust was controlled by an iron-impregnated alumina oxide catalyst.

Emission factor of exhaust gas constituents during the pyrolysis of zinc chloride immersed biosolid.

Pyrolysis enables ZnCl2 immersed biosolid to be reused, but some hazardous air pollutants are emitted during this process. Physical characteristics of biosolid adsorbents were investigated in this work. In addition, the constituents of pyrolytic exhaust were determined to evaluate the exhaust characteristics.

Characteristics of particulate constituents and gas precursors during the episode and non-episode periods.

Unlabelled: Size-segregated distribution of ambient particulate matter (PM) was determined using a micro-orifice uniform deposition impactor (MOUDI) and a nano-MOUDI in southern Taiwan. Eleven water-soluble ionic species including six anions (NO3-, SO4(2-), Cl-, F-, NO2-, Br-) and five cations (NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) for particulate inorganic ions and five gaseous pollutants (i.e.

Size mass distribution of water-soluble ionic species and gas conversion to sulfate and nitrate in particulate matter in southern Taiwan.

A Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposition Impactor (MOUDI) and a Nano-MOUDI were employed to determine the size-segregated mass distributions of ambient particulate matter (PM) and water-soluble ionic species for particulate constituents. In addition, gas precursors, including HCl, HONO, HNO3, SO2, and NH3 gases, were analyzed by an annular denuder system. PM size mass distribution, mass concentration, and ionic species concentration were measured during the day and at night during episode and non-episode periods in winter and summer.

Exhaust characteristics during the pyrolysis of ZnCl2 immersed biosludge.

Biosludge can be reused as an adsorbent after ZnCl(2) activation, pyrolysis, washing with HCl and distilled water, and drying. But the pyrolysis exhaust of ZnCl(2) immersed sludge can be hazardous to human health and the environment. The chemical composition, including carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfur and 21 trace elements, as well as the physical characteristics, including specific surface area, pore volume, pore size distribution and pore diameter of pyrolytic residue, were investigated in this work.

Spatiotemporal variability of submicrometer particle number size distributions in an air quality management district.

First measurements of ambient 10-1000 nm particle number concentrations (N(TOT)) and size distributions were made at an urban, coastal, mountain and downwind site within the Central Taiwan Air Quality Management District during a cold and a warm period. The primary objectives were to characterize the spatial and temporal variability of the size-fractionated submicrometer particles and their relationships with copollutants and meteorological parameters. The results show that the ultrafine particles (<100 nm) are the major contributor to the N(TOT).

Particulate composition characteristics under different ambient air quality conditions.

Particulate compositions including elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), water-soluble ionic species, and elemental compositions were investigated during the period from 2004 to 2006 in southern Taiwan. The correlation between the pollutant standard index (PSI) of ambient air quality and the various particle compositions was also addressed in this study. PSI revealed a correlation with fine (r = 0.

The effect of prenatal perfluorinated chemicals exposures on pediatric atopy.

Background: The role of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the immune system and allergic diseases is not well-known. This study examined the effects of pre-natal exposure to PFCs on immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods: In Taiwan Birth Panel cohort study, newborns with cord blood and peri-natal factors (i.

Health risk assessment of exposure to selected volatile organic compounds emitted from an integrated iron and steel plant.

Workplace air samples from sintering, cokemaking, and hot and cold forming processes in the integrated iron and steel industry were analyzed to determine their volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration. Sixteen VOC species including three paraffins (cyclohexane, n-hexane, methylcyclohexane), five chlorinated VOC species (trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, tetrachloroethylene, chlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene), and eight aromatics (benzene, ethylbenzene, styrene, toluene, m,p-xylene, o-xylene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) were selected to measure their noncancer risk for workers. Concentrations of toluene, xylene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, dichlorobenzene, and trichloroethylene were high in all four processes.

Comparison of exhaust emissions resulting from cold- and hot-start motorcycle driving modes.

This study investigated the emissions of criteria air pollutants (carbon monoxide [CO], hydrocarbons [HCs], and oxides of nitrogen [NOx]) from motorcycle exhaust at cold- and hot-start driving cycles on a chassis dynamometer. Seven four-stroke carburetors and two fuel-injection motorcycles were tested. As expected, the emission factors (g/km) of CO and HCs increased during cold-start driving.

Characteristics of exhaust gas, liquid products, and residues of printed circuit boards using the pyrolysis process.

Introduction: The pyrolytic method was employed to recycle metals and brominated compounds blended into printed circuit boards (PCBs).

Methods: PCBs were crushed into pieces 4.0-4.

Effects of ethanol-blended gasoline on air pollutant emissions from motorcycle.

The effect of ethanol-gasoline blends on criteria air pollutant emissions was investigated in a four-stroke motorcycle. The ethanol was blended with unleaded gasoline in four percentages (3, 10, 15, and 20% v/v) and controlled at a constant research octane number, RON (95), to accurately represent commercial gasoline. CO, THC, and NOx emissions were evaluated using the Economic Commission for Europe cycle on the chassis dynamometers.

Pyrolytic product characteristics of biosludge from the wastewater treatment plant of a petrochemical industry.

Biosludge was produced from the wastewater treatment plant of a petrochemical industry. The element compositions of pyrolytic residues, CO, CO(2), NOx, SOx, total hydrocarbons and detailed volatile organic compounds of pyrolytic gas, and C, H, N, S content and compositions in biofuel were determined in this study. Generally, 75-80% water content in sludge cakes and about 65-70% weight of water vapor and volatile compounds were volatilized during the drying process.

Characteristics of water-soluble ionic species in fine (PM2.5) and coarse particulate matter (PM10-2.5) in Kaohsiung, southern Taiwan.

Eleven ionic species and fine and coarse particle mass concentrations of fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10-2.5) particulate matter were investigated in Kaohsiung, southern Taiwan.