Lenvatinib plus Pembrolizumab Combination Therapy for Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer: A Single-Center, Retrospective Analysis.

A multi-kinase inhibitor, lenvatinib, plus an immune checkpoint inhibitor, pembrolizumab, became a viable therapeutic option for advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer in Japan by the end of 2021. The Japanese population has a relatively unique genetic background. Hence, the safety profile and effectiveness of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab may differ between the Japanese and other populations.

Diagnostic Performance of Preoperative Imaging in Endometrial Cancer.

Background: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. Because the findings mentioned in radiogram interpretation reports issued by diagnostic radiologists influence treatment strategies, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) interpretation results in clinically relevant settings.

Methods: The clinical records of patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer treated at Tohoku University Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 were reviewed.

Assessing the Significance of Lymphadenectomy in Older Patients with Stage I Endometrial Cancer: A Single-Center, Retrospective Cohort Study.

Advantages of lymphadenectomy for early stage endometrial cancer remain controversial. Lymphadenectomy had been routinely omitted for patients aged ≥ 70 years at our institute if lymph node metastasis was unsuspected due to an increased risk of peri- and postsurgical complications. Since 2013, with the introduction of minimally invasive surgery and considering the heterogeneous medical conditions, we started performing lymphadenectomy in patients who were considered well-tolerated.

Disease and Injury Trends following Heavy Rains in Western Japan in 2018.

Introduction: Torrential rains occurred in Okayama in western Japan in July 2018, forcing local residents to evacuate. Few studies have reported early-phase disease and injury trends among patients following torrential rains. Thus, in this study, we assessed the illness and injury trends among patients who visited temporary medical facilities located in the areas affected by the 2018 torrential rains; these facilities opened 10 d after the disaster.

Precautions during Direct Oral Anticoagulant Introduction in Gynecologic Malignancies: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

The risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence/exacerbation or a change from a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) to another anticoagulant in patients with gynecologic cancer using DOACs have not been thoroughly elucidated. Here, we aimed to investigate the risk factors for a composite primary outcome, including VTE recurrence/exacerbation, or a change from a DOAC to another anticoagulant, in this population. A total of 63 patients were analyzed.

Wheat alkylresorcinol increases fecal lipid excretion and suppresses feed efficiency in mice depending on time of supplementation.

Objective: The regular consumption of whole grains is linked to a lower likelihood of developing metabolic disorders. We previously found that chronic supplementation with wheat alkylresorcinols (ARs) prevents obesity and its associated metabolic symptoms induced by a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) in mice. The aim of this study was to examine the time-of-day-dependence of these effects in mice.

A Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Biomarkers for Olaparib Maintenance Therapy in Patients with Recurrent Ovarian Cancer.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors theoretically promote synthetic lethality in cancer cells with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). However, clinical evidence indicates that PARP inhibitors are also effective for treating HRD-negative ovarian cancer. The PARP inhibitor olaparib became available in Japan as a maintenance therapy for platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer regardless of homologous recombination status in April 2018.

Auricular cartilage configuration: A histological study using late-stage human fetuses and adult cadavers.

The auricular cartilage is considered to develop from a funnel-like arrangement of six embryonic hillocks. However, there is little information as to when and how the initial cartilage plate differentiates into the major three hollows or caves: the concha, the scapha and the triangular fossa. We examined semiserial histological sections from 42 human fetuses as well as from seven cadavers of elderly individuals.

Timing of food intake is more potent than habitual voluntary exercise to prevent diet-induced obesity in mice.

Inappropriate eating habits such as skipping breakfast and eating late at night are associated with risk for abnormal weight-gain and adiposity. We previously reported that time-imposed feeding during the daytime (inactive phase) induces obesity and metabolic disorders accompanied by physical inactivity in mice. The present study compares metabolic changes induced in mice by time-imposed feeding under voluntary wheel-running (RW) and sedentary (SED) conditions to determine the effects of voluntary wheel-running activity on obesity induced in mice by feeding at inappropriate times.

Relaxin 2/RXFP1 Signaling Induces Cell Invasion via the β-Catenin Pathway in Endometrial Cancer.

Relaxin is known to play an important role in animal pregnancies, including those of humans. It is suggested that relaxin induces aggressive cell growth and invasiveness in several types of cancer, including endometrial cancer. However, the mechanisms of relaxin remain largely unclear.

Short-term time-restricted feeding during the resting phase is sufficient to induce leptin resistance that contributes to development of obesity and metabolic disorders in mice.

Feeding at unusual times of the day is thought to be associated with obesity and metabolic disorders in both experimental animals and humans. We previously reported that time-imposed feeding during the sleep phase (daytime feeding, DF) induces obesity and metabolic disorders compared with mice fed only during the active phase (nighttime feeding, NF). The present study aimed to determine whether leptin resistance is caused by DF, and whether it is involved in the underlying mechanisms of DF-induced obesity in mice, since leptin plays an essential role in regulating energy expenditure and adiposity in addition to food intake.

17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 Expression Is Induced by Androgen Signaling in Endometrial Cancer.

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common female pelvic cancers and has been considered an androgen-related malignancy. Several studies have demonstrated the anti-cell proliferative effect of androgen on endometrial cancer cells; however, the mechanisms of the anti-cancer effect of androgen remain largely unclear. 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (17β-HSD2), which catalyzes the conversion of E2 to E1, is known to be upregulated by androgen treatment in breast cancer cells.

Dietary fish oil differentially ameliorates high-fructose diet-induced hepatic steatosis and hyperlipidemia in mice depending on time of feeding.

Chrononutrition is the science of nutrition based on chronobiology. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that fish oil (FO) reduces the risk of cardiovascular events through various actions such as lowering triglycerides. The present study aimed to determine the time of day when the hypertriglyceridemia-decreasing ability of FO is optimal in mice.

Determination of reference genes that are independent of feeding rhythms for circadian studies of mouse metabolic tissues.

Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis is a popular method for the measurement of mRNA expression level and is a critical tool for basic research. The identification of suitable reference genes that are stable and not affected by experimental conditions is a critical step in the accurate normalization of RT-PCR. On the other hand, the levels of numerous transcripts exhibit circadian oscillation in various peripheral tissues and it is thought to be regulated by feeding rhythms in addition to the molecular circadian clock.

Wheat alkylresorcinols reduce micellar solubility of cholesterol in vitro and increase cholesterol excretion in mice.

Epidemiological studies have shown that the consumption of whole grains can reduce risk for metabolic disorders. We recently showed that chronic supplementation with wheat alkylresorcinols (ARs) prevents glucose intolerance and insulin resistance with hepatic lipid accumulation induced in mice by a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHSD). This study examines the effects of ARs on the micellar solubility of cholesterol in vitro, as well as the effects of transient AR supplementation on faecal lipid excretion and plasma lipid levels in mice.

Short-term feeding at the wrong time is sufficient to desynchronize peripheral clocks and induce obesity with hyperphagia, physical inactivity and metabolic disorders in mice.

Background: The circadian clock regulates various physiological and behavioral rhythms such as feeding and locomotor activity. Feeding at unusual times of the day (inactive phase) is thought to be associated with obesity and metabolic disorders in experimental animals and in humans.

Objective: The present study aimed to determine the underlying mechanisms through which time-of-day-dependent feeding influences metabolic homeostasis.

Nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) in human endometrial carcinoma: a potent prognostic factor associated with cell proliferation and migration.

Nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) is a multifunctional protein containing several functional domains, and associated with wide variety of biological process such as food intake and energy homeostasis. Recently, NUCB2 has been implicated in not only normal human tissues but also some kinds of human malignancies. However, its clinical and/or biological significance has largely remained unknown in endometrial carcinomas.

The role of 5α-reductase type 1 associated with intratumoral dihydrotestosterone concentrations in human endometrial carcinoma.

Endometrial carcinoma, especially endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma, is an estrogen-dependent tumor that is similar to breast cancer. Androgen is closely associated with other steroid hormones, but its correlation with endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma remains largely unclear. We previously demonstrated the expression of the androgen receptor, 5α-reductase type 1, and 5α-reductase type 2 in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma tissue, but androgen action and its correlation with prognosis are unknown.

Predictors of response to electroconvulsive therapy obtained using the three-factor structure of the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale for treatment-resistant depressed patients.

Objective: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective treatments for refractory major depressive disorder (MDD). Although studies have examined different predictors of a positive response to ECT, predictors based on symptoms listed on a depression rating scale have not been studied.

Methods: This study included 24 Japanese patients who fulfilled the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition criteria for MDD or bipolar disorder with current major depressive episode.