Lysophosphatidylcholine Impairs the Mitochondria Homeostasis Leading to Trophoblast Dysfunction in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy disorder associated with an increased risk of pre-eclampsia and macrosomia. Recent research has shown that the buildup of excess lipids within the placental trophoblast impairs mitochondrial function. However, the exact lipids that impact the placental trophoblast and the underlying mechanism remain unclear.

A catalyst family of high-entropy alloy atomic layers with square atomic arrangements comprising iron- and platinum-group metals.

We report a catalyst family of high-entropy alloy (HEA) atomic layers having three elements from iron-group metals (IGMs) and two elements from platinum-group metals (PGMs). Ten distinct quinary compositions of IGM-PGM-HEA with precisely controlled square atomic arrangements are used to explore their impact on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). The PtRuFeCoNi atomic layers perform enhanced catalytic activity and durability toward HER and HOR when benchmarked against the other IGM-PGM-HEA and commercial Pt/C catalysts.

Clinical outcomes and safety of remdesivir in hospitalized individuals with COVID-19, with or without severe renal impairment.

Background: The use of remdesivir in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe renal impairment has been approved; however, limited clinical data exist. Accordingly, we aimed to compare outcomes and adverse events associated with remdesivir in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, with and without severe renal impairment.

Methods: Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 undergoing a 5-day remdesivir course at Taipei Veterans General Hospital from April 1 to July 31, 2022, were enrolled.

Outcomes after fertility-sparing surgery of early-stage ovarian cancer: A nationwide population-based study.

Background: Fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) is an alternative choice of young patients who have not completed their family planning and still have fertility needs. The aims of this study were to compare the outcomes of early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients undergoing FSS and radical comprehensive staging surgery (RCS), and the suitability of FSS.

Methods: A total of 1297 patients aged between 20 and 44 years with newly diagnosed early-stage EOC were recruited from the Taiwan Cancer Registry database between 2009 and 2017.

Pilot-scale production of a highly efficacious and stable monoglycosylated influenza split virus vaccine.

The yearly epidemics and unpredictable outbreaks of influenza have raisedserious concernsglobally and led to prioritizing the development of an effective vaccine toprotectagainst newly emerging variants. Previously, we demonstrated that monoglycosylated influenza virus vaccines derived from A/California/7/2009 or an updated A/Brisbane/02/2018 (IVR-190) vaccine strain recommended by WHO are superior to fully glycosylated vaccines and could broadly protect against past and new coming H1N1 variants. However, whether such a monoglycosylated virus vaccine can be mass-produced to meet clinical demands and stable enough to provide consistent efficacy against H1N1 viruses remains unclear.

The influence of hospital volume and physician volume on early mortality in acute promyelocytic leukemia patients.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a highly curable hematologic malignancy in the era of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) combination treatment. However, only a modest change in early mortality rate has been observed despite the wide availability of ATRA. In addition to the clinical characteristics of APL patients, studies on the hospital volume-outcome relationship and the physician volume-outcome relationship remained limited.

Changes in Gloss Alteration, Surface Roughness, and Color of Direct Dental Restorative Materials after Professional Dental Prophylaxis.

In the context of optimizing dental care for patients who are elderly, the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface gloss (with a micro-area gloss meter) of, surface roughness (with a compact surface roughness measuring instrument) of, and color change (with a dental colorimeter) in two commercially available injectable resin-based composites (Estelite Universal Flow (EUF) and Beautifil Flow Plus F00 (BFP)) as well as two glass-ionomer cements (GC Fuji II LC CAPSULE (FLC) and GC Fuji IX GP EXTRA CAPSULE (FGP)), before and after dental prophylaxis. After 24 h, the surfaces of each specimen were polished at 2500 rpm with a prophy brush (Mersage Brush, Shofu) and one-step prophylaxis paste (Prophy Paste Pro, Directa): under 100 or 300 gf load, and for 10 or 30 s, 4× cycles of cleaning. After mechanical cleaning, conditions were found for a significant reduction in the gloss level (EUF, BFP, or FLC; < 0.

The phosphatase DUSP22 inhibits UBR2-mediated K63-ubiquitination and activation of Lck downstream of TCR signalling.

DUSP22 is a dual-specificity phosphatase that inhibits T cell activation by inactivating the kinase Lck. Here we show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase UBR2 is a positive upstream regulator of Lck during T-cell activation. DUSP22 dephosphorylates UBR2 at specific Serine residues, leading to ubiquitin-mediated UBR2 degradation.

Monoglycosylated SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain fused with HA-scaffolded protein vaccine confers broad protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses.

The SARS-CoV-2 and influenza pandemics have posed a devastating threat to global public health. The best strategy for preventing the further spread of these respiratory viruses worldwide is to administer a vaccine capable of targeting both viruses. Here, we show that a novel monoglycosylated vaccine designed based on the influenza virus HA conserved domain fused with the SARS-CoV-2 spike-RBD domain (HSSR) can present proper antigenicity that elicits sufficient neutralization efficacy against various SARS-CoV-2 variants while simultaneously providing broad protection against H1N1 viruses in mice.

Hepatocellular carcinoma reduced, HBsAg loss increased, and survival improved after finite therapy in hepatitis B patients with cirrhosis.

Background And Aims: Long-term nucleos(t)ide analog (Nuc) treatment can reduce HCC in patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis (HBV-LC). Earlier small cohort studies showed a comparable 5-year incidence of HCC in HBeAg-negative patients with HBV-LC who stopped and those continued Nuc therapy. This study aimed to validate these findings using a large cohort with 10-year follow-up.

Pilot-scale production of inactivated monoglycosylated split HN influenza virus vaccine provides cross-strain protection against influenza viruses.

Influenza epidemics and pandemics caused by newly emerging virus strains highlight an urgent need to develop a universal vaccine against viruses. Previously, a monoglycosylated X-181 vaccine demonstrated that the HA possessing a single N-acetylglucosamine at each N-glycosylation site is superior to confer broader protection in mice than conventional vaccines. However, the greatest challenge in conducting clinical trials is the need to develop robust manufacturing processes capable of producing vaccines at the pilot scale with the desired stability, potency, and efficacy.

Quantification, Exchange, and Removal of Surface Ligands on Noble-Metal Nanocrystals.

ConspectusSurface ligands are vital to the colloidal synthesis of noble-metal nanocrystals with well-controlled sizes and shapes for various applications. The surface ligands not only dictate the formation of nanocrystals with diverse shapes but also serve as a colloidal stabilizer to prevent the suspended nanocrystals from aggregation during their synthesis or storage. By leveraging the facet selectivity of some surface ligands, one can further control the sites for growth or galvanic replacement to transform presynthesized nanocrystals into complex structures that are otherwise difficult to fabricate using conventional methods.

Age-specific trend and birth cohort effect on different histologic types of uterine corpus cancers.

To evaluate the uterine corpus cancer incidence rates, age-specific trends, and birth cohort patterns by different histologic types. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of uterine cancer patients (n = 28,769) of all ages from the National Cancer Registry of Taiwan between 1998 and 2017. We estimated the incidence trends, average annual percent changes (AAPCs), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rate for the two main subtypes (endometrioid and nonendometrioid) of uterine cancer in Taiwan.

Gallstone associated celiac trunk thromboembolisms complicated with splenic infarction: A case report.

Background: Gallstone disease (GD) can have prolonged, subacute inflammatory period before biliary events. The intricate relationship between GD and inflammatory processes can possible lead to prothrombotic tendency that can result in confusing clinical course before diagnosis.

Case Summary: A 51-year-old man, presented with a 1-year history of self-relief occasional postprandial upper abdominal pain, had sudden onset severe left upper quadrant pain and visited our emergency room.

Identification of Crucial Amino Acids in Begomovirus C4 Proteins Involved in the Modulation of the Severity of Leaf Curling Symptoms.

Begomoviruses frequently inflict upward or downward leaf curling symptoms on infected plants, leading to severe economic damages. Knowledge of the underlying mechanism controlling the leaf curling severity may facilitate the development of alternative disease management strategies. In this study, through genomic recombination between Nan-Tou strain (AYVV-NT) and Tai-Chung Strain (TLCV-TC), which caused upward and downward leaf curling on , respectively, it was found that the coding region of C4 protein might be involved in the determination of leaf curling directions.

Improving the Process of Shared Decision-Making by Integrating Online Structured Information and Self-Assessment Tools.

The integration of face-to-face communication and online processes to provide access to information and self-assessment tools may improve shared decision-making (SDM) processes. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of implementing an online SDM process with topics and content developed through a participatory design approach. We analyzed the triggered and completed SDM cases with responses from participants at a medical center in Taiwan.

Preferred Treatment with Curative Intent for Left Lateral Segment Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma under the Era of Minimal Invasive Surgery.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurring at the left lateral segment (LLS) is relatively susceptible to treatment with curative intent in terms of tumor location. However, outcomes might vary depending on the selection of treatment modalities. This study aimed to analyze patients who had undergone curative treatment for early HCC at LLS.

Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging predicts clinicopathological parameters and stages of endometrial carcinomas.

Background: We investigated the agreement and accuracy of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with postoperative pathological characteristics and stages of endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC).

Methods: We recruited 527 women with EEC who underwent staging surgery at a single medical institution. The preoperative MRI, stages, and clinical and pathological parameters, including myometrial invasion (MI), cervical invasion (CI), adnexal metastasis (AM), intra-abdominal metastasis, and pelvic and/or para-aortic nodal metastasis, were recorded and analyzed.

A DNA Damage Response Gene Panel for Different Histologic Types of Epithelial Ovarian Carcinomas and Their Outcomes.

DNA damage response (DDR) is important for maintaining genomic integrity of the cell. Aberrant DDR pathways lead to accumulation of DNA damage, genomic instability and malignant transformations. Gene mutations have been proven to be associated with epithelial ovarian cancer, and the majority of the literature has focused on .

Factors Influencing the Discordancy Between Intraoperative Frozen Sections and Final Paraffin Pathologies in Ovarian Tumors.

Aim: To retrospectively investigate the pre-operative clinical factors and ultrasonographic features that influence the accuracy of the intraoperative frozen section (IFS) of ovarian tumors.

Patients And Methods: Women with ovarian tumors that underwent IFS in one tertiary medical center were recruited from January 2010 to December 2018. Demographic and clinical data of these women were retrieved from medical records in the hospital's centralized database.

Comparison of Chicken Immune Responses after Inoculation with H5 Avian Influenza Virus-like Particles Produced by Insect Cells or Pupae.

Introduction: Novel clade 2.3.4.

The mature EV71 virion induced a broadly cross-neutralizing VP1 antibody against subtypes of the EV71 virus.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) has emerged as a neurological virus causing life-threatening diseases in young children and infants. Although EV71 vaccines in development have presented promising results in several clinical trials, the identified key antigen for improving the broad protective efficacy of EV71 vaccines has not been well investigated. In this report, we show that different multiplicities of infection (MOIs) of the B4(E59) virus significantly affect EV71 vaccine production in a serum-free microcarrier bioreactor system.