Publications by authors named "Chia-Wei Lin"

Article Synopsis
  • Adipose-derived stem cell exosomes (ADSC-exos) show potential for helping nerve regeneration, but the mechanisms behind their effects are still not fully understood.
  • Researchers used fluorescent labeling and spatial transcriptomics in mice to observe how ADSC-exos impact crushed sciatic nerves, finding these exosomes in spinal neurons and nerve segments, along with significant changes in gene expression.
  • The study also revealed that ADSC-exo treatment boosts interactions between nerve-supporting cells, like Schwann cells and astrocytes, enhancing a regenerative environment and suggesting improvements in metabolism and structural support for nerve healing.
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A series of specimens identifiable as the anemone-associated shrimp Ancylomenes speciosus (Okuno, 2004) are reported here from New Caledonia, NE Australia, and SW Taiwan. Detailed morphological remarks and figures of the specimens are provided. All examined adults are morphologically very similar, males and subadults differ from adult females mainly by their unarmed second cheliped fingers and the more elongated sixth pleomere.

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Purpose: This study aims to investigate the feasibility of the home-based parent- mediated intervention Naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention (HB-NDBI) in underserved Taiwanese families of children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and explore its effects on children's developmental skills and parents' parenting stress.

Method: 24 underserved Taiwanese families of children with ASD (mean age = 46.5 months) received 12-week HB-NDBI programs.

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  • Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a serious genetic disorder that results in muscle weakness and major health issues, and current imaging methods like quantitative ultrasound (QUS) assess muscle condition through fat and fibrosis metrics.
  • The study introduces a new ultrasound technique called robust reference frequency method (RRFM) to improve imaging of muscle microstructures by measuring acoustic attenuation, which could serve as a key indicator for DMD.
  • Results show that RRFM significantly enhances attenuation estimation accuracy—reducing bias by 50%—and demonstrates strong diagnostic performance in distinguishing between early and late stages of ambulatory function in DMD patients, outperforming traditional QUS methods.
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  • The study explored how posterior chain muscle function and shoe types affect ballet dancers, comparing 17 dancers with low back pain (LBP) to 12 healthy dancers.
  • Results indicated that dancers with LBP had stiffer lateral hamstrings and more difficulty achieving trunk extension, leading to greater displacement of their center of mass (COM) during movements.
  • The findings stress the importance of assessing muscle properties and postural control for dancers with LBP, particularly in relation to shoe choices.
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Hyperopia is a significant refractive error in children, often leading to vision impairment. This study aimed to investigate whether partial or full spectacle correction is benefit for hyperopia in preschool-aged children. A retrospective study was conducted on hyperopic children visited to teaching medical center outpatient clinic between October 2011 and October 2018, and were categorized into three groups: full correction, overcorrection, and undercorrection.

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Ferroptosis is an iron-driven cell-death mechanism that plays a central role in various diseases. Recent studies have suggested that baicalein inhibits ferroptosis, making it a promising therapeutic candidate. Fibroblast cultures were treated with different agents to determine the effects of baicalein on ferroptosis.

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  • Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a prevalent injury among athletes, and the study aimed to evaluate how different physical therapy methods affect spinal excitability in patients with CAI.
  • A systematic review identified 11 relevant studies out of 253 screened, focusing on the maximal Hoffmann reflex ratios in certain leg muscles to assess the impact of therapies like cryotherapy and proprioceptive training.
  • The findings concluded that these physical therapy interventions did not significantly change spinal excitability, indicating a need for additional research on treatment effectiveness.
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Background: Clinical practice guidelines recommend adjuvant therapy for patients with early non-small cell lung cancer (eNSCLC), especially those with lymph node metastasis. This study evaluated the prevalence of lymph node examination and its association with adjuvant treatment rates, overall survival (OS), and healthcare costs among United States (US) Medicare patients with resected eNSCLC.

Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registry data linked with Medicare claims data.

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Objective: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), particularly its exudative form, is a primary cause of vision impairment in older adults. As diabetes becomes increasingly prevalent in aging, it is crucial to explore the potential relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and AMD. This study aimed to assess the risk of developing overall, non-exudative, and exudative AMD in individuals with DR compared to those without retinopathy (non-DR) based on a nationwide population study in Taiwan.

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The linkages of disulfide bond (DSB) play important roles in protein stability and activity. Mass spectrometry-based (MS-based) techniques become accepted tools for DSB analysis in the recent decade. In the bottom-up approach, after enzyme digestion, the neighbouring amino acids of cysteines have great impacts on the physicochemical properties of resulting disulfide bond peptides, determining their retention behaviour on liquid chromatography (LC) and their MS ionization efficiency.

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Circulating exosomes derived from polymicrobial sepsis contain various non-coding RNAs and proteins. Isobaric tags for a relative or absolute quantitation proteomic analysis of the exosomal content revealed 70 dysregulated proteins in the circulating exosomes from septic mice. Next-generation sequencing was used to profile the long non-coding RNA expression in primary cultured macrophages treated with exosomes obtained from the blood of septic C57BL/6 mice, and it was discovered that the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/miR-17-92a-1 cluster host gene (MIR17HG) pathways were activated in the macrophages.

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Tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) derivatives stand out as a promising class of compounds due to their diverse range of biological activities, making them particularly valuable in drug discovery. To enhance their structural diversity, an Rh-catalyzed denitrogenative annulation method has been introduced for synthesizing these derivatives. An intriguing aspect of this method is the ability of the Brønsted acid to prevent further annulation while facilitating the production of the desired THIQ derivatives, achieving impressive yields of up to 86%.

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Article Synopsis
  • Hypersialylation, an increase in sialic acids on glycans, is common in cancer cells and helps them evade the immune system by interacting with Siglec receptors on immune cells.
  • In lung cancer patients and tumor models, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are highly sialylated and express inhibitory Siglec receptors, which can hinder T-cell activity.
  • Blocking Siglec receptors or removing sialic acids from MDSCs impairs their immune suppression, highlighting the role of CCL2 in this process and suggesting that targeting these interactions could boost anticancer immunity.
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The escalating menace of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens necessitates a paradigm shift from conventional antibiotics to innovative alternatives. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) emerge as a compelling contender in this arena. Employing methodologies, we can usher in a new era of AMP discovery, streamlining the identification process from vast candidate sequences, thereby optimizing laboratory screening expenditures.

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Methamphetamine (MA) use disorder poses significant challenges to both the affected individuals and society. Current non-drug therapies like transcranial direct-current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation have limitations due to their invasive nature and limited reach to deeper brain areas. Transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) is gaining attention as a noninvasive option with precise spatial targeting, able to affect deeper areas of the brain.

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Background: This study investigated the use of ultrasound-guided extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) to break stones in the genitourinary tract and prevent genitourinary injury. Our goals were to achieve accurate focusing and minimal X-ray exposure for the benefit of the patients.

Methods: The LiteMed LM-9200 lithotripter with ultrasonography and fluoroscopy was used for two different procedures: autoaimed and autoperiodical.

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Ultrasound (US)-triggered microbubbles (MBs) drug delivery is a promising tool for noninvasive and localized therapy. Several studies have shown the potential of drug-loaded MBs to boost the delivery of therapeutic substances to target tissue effectively. Nevertheless, little is known about the surface payload distribution affecting the cavitation activity and drug release behavior of the drug-loaded MBs.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study aimed to assess how muscle stiffness in the lower limbs changes with age in typically developing children and adolescents, using a technique called acoustic radiation force impulse shear wave elastography.
  • Researchers evaluated muscle stiffness in 47 participants, categorized into three age groups: children (3-7 years), pre-adolescents (8-12 years), and adolescents (13-18 years).
  • The results showed no significant differences in muscle stiffness among the age groups or between the right and left limbs, indicating that muscle stiffness does not notably change with age in this population.
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Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a neuromuscular disorder that affects ambulatory function. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) imaging, utilizing envelope statistics, has proven effective in diagnosing DMD. Radiomics enables the extraction of detailed features from QUS images.

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We investigated whether the upper limb muscle stiffness quantified by the acoustic radiation force impulse shear wave elastography (ARFI/SWE) is a potential biomarker for age-related muscle alteration and functional decline in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). 37 patients with DMD and 30 typically developing controls (TDC) were grouped by age (3-8, 9-11, and 12-18 years). ARFI/SWE measured the biceps and deltoid muscle's shear wave velocities (SWVs).

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Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients possess a higher risk for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) possibly because of related underlying inflammation and immune dysregulation. In the current population-based cohort study, we evaluate the effects of influenza vaccination on RCC among CKD patients.

Methods: We analysed the vaccinated and unvaccinated CKD patients (≥55 years of age) identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database.

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Huntington's disease (HD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of mutant Huntingtin protein (mHTT) and oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage. Based on previous reports, microRNA-196a (miR-196a) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target due to its neuroprotective effects in various neurodegenerative diseases. However, whether miR-196a functions through antioxidative effects is still unknown.

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